摘要
本论文采用BSA模拟体系，选用了截留分子量为5000的聚醚酮超滤膜（PEK-5000）和截留分子量为10000的聚醚砜超滤膜（PES-10000）考察了各个因素对污染度和通量衰减速率的影响趋势。实验结果表明：操作压力增大，膜污染度增大；温度升高，膜污染度出现极值，通量衰减速率同时出现极值；pH值变化，膜污染度在pH值为BSA等电点时达到最大，通量衰减速率达到最大值；料液浓度增大，膜污染度增大，通量衰减速率增大；料液流速增大，膜污染度降低，通量衰减速率降低。
超滤过程稳态渗透通量计算一直是超滤理论研究中的一个热点。本文在过滤理论基础上，结合爱因斯坦-斯托克斯理论和Happel小室模型，推出了超滤过程稳态渗透通量计算模型。在模型中引入了超滤常数，根据超滤常数将超滤过程稳态渗透通量计算分为有滤饼层和无滤饼层两种情况。本文所建模型属于完全预测性模型，不需要辅助性试验确定模型参数。通过该模型计算，计算结果和实测结果的误差范围在50％～60％。
舒心降压胶囊是达仁堂制药二厂申报的中药二类新药，但在生产中很难将总莲心碱和叶绿素有效分离。针对此问题在本研究中开发了脱脂棉吸附－膜分离法，在不改变总莲心碱性质情况下有效的分离了这两种相对分子质量相差很小的物质。通过此工艺，将原来工艺中的离心、过滤和萃取替代为脱脂棉吸附、过滤和膜分离，缩短了操作时间，实验结果表明：使总莲心碱含量从原来的75％提高到85％。另外还对该工艺的各个操作因素进行了考察，针对不同目标函数分别提出了较为适宜的工艺条件。
The factors which affect the fouling degree of membrane and the flux decay rate during ultrafiltration processs were studied in this paper using BSA as model system and PEK-5000 and PES-10000 ultrafiltration membrane as test membranes. The result of experiments indicates that: with operation pressure increases, the fouling degree of membrane and the flux decay rate both increase; with operation temperature increases, the fouling degree of membrane and the flux decay rate both exist maximum point; when the pH value of the feed solution equals to the isoelectric point of BSA, the fouling degree of membrane and the flux decay rate both exhibit maximum value; with the concentration of BSA increases, the fouling degree of membrane and the flux decay rate both increase; with the flow rate of feed increases, the fouling degree of membrane and the flux decay rate both decrease.
The steady state flux prediction of ultrafiltration has been hot issues in ultrafiltration theory. In this paper a model for calculating steady state flux of ultrafiltration is developed, which is based on filtration theory and combined with Einstein-Stokes’ law and Happel’s cell model. The ultrafiltration constant is introduced to this model, by which the steady ultrafiltration process can be divided into two types: in the presence of cake and in the absence of cake. The model proposed in this work is of full predictability, and no additional experiments in determination of the model parameters are needed. The error between calculating result and experiment result is in the range of 50% to 60%.
The Shuxin－Jiangya is the second type new medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine made in No 2 Pharmaceutical Factory of Da Ren Tang. The low efficiency between liensinine and chlorophyll separation severely hindered the economics in the production of Shuxin－Jiangya preparation. A combined technology is developed in this paper, which coupling degrease cotton adsorption with membrane separation. By this method, liensinine and chlorophyll with only little difference in the relative molecular weight can be separated effectively. The centrifugal、filtration and extraction of conventional process were replaced by degrease cotton adsorption、filtration and membrane, thus the operating time is shorten considerably. The
experiment result showed that: the content of active components is increase from 75%to 85%. The appropriate technical parameters of our new technology were also investigated systematically, and different optimum conditions were found for different object functions.
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