我国城市静脉产业体系构建研究
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摘要
随着社会经济的发展，人类社会面临着越来越严重的资源短缺与环境污染问题，按照目前资源的消耗速度，常规能源将在不久的将来会被消耗殆尽；人类赖于存在的生态环境也在不断的恶化中。为了实现人类社会可持续发展，必须改变目前的资源利用方式，以废弃物资源化为内容的静脉产业逐步得到人类社会的重视，大部分国家都在寻求发展静脉产业的最优路径，力求缓解资源与环境问题给经济发展带来的压力。
从我国的产业结构来看，对原生资源的依赖程度依然很高，这种依靠原生资源的消耗获得经济发展的方式，难以长期维系。虽然，我国早在20世纪50年代就开始进行了废旧物质的回收，但是由于种种原因我国静脉产业没能发展起来，远远落后于西方发达国家，废弃物资源化处理率不高，造成了严重的环境问题，带了巨大的资源浪费。因此，从我国经济发展的长远角度出发，需要提高废弃物资源化水平，大力发展静脉产业，以实现我国经济的长期繁荣。然而，目前我国静脉产业发展中还存在着体系断层，体系之间关联不紧密等问题，这些问题在城市固体废弃物处理领域有着很明显的体现，限制了静脉产业链运行的效率和城市固体废弃物处理水平的提升，需要建立一套完整的体系，以促进我国静脉产业的发展。这对于转变我国经济发展方式、实现产业结构合理化与高度化、缓解资源约束的矛盾，减轻环境压力，具有重要意义。
本文以静脉产业体系构建为研究内容，以城市固体废弃物为研究对象，系统归纳发达国家静脉产业发展的成功经验，从产业链运行与产业布局、产业发展的外部支撑等维度构建我国静脉产业体系。全文共分为八章。
第1章，导论。主要介绍论文的选题背景，研究意义，主要概念，研究内容与方法、创新与不足等。
第2章，研究综述与理论基础。主要对国内外学者在该领域的研究成果进行综述，总结它们研究达成的共识，找出目前研究的薄弱环节，确立研究方向。并从可持续发展理论，循环经济理论，规制经济理论等学科对静脉产业体系进行解释，奠定论文的理论基础。
第3章，静脉产业体系行为主体行为与依据。通过理论模型分析政府收费行为对社会福利的影响，为政府管理静脉产业体系提供依据；分析企业选择原生资源与再生资源的边界与决定因素，并从废弃物自身的特征，我国静脉产业发展状况及静脉产业目标等方面为静脉产业体系构建提供理论上的支持，奠定论文研究的基本依据。
第4章，静脉产业链运行体系。主要从城市固体废弃物的回收、物流、处理、资源化等不同环节，对我国静脉产业体系构建进行研究。
第5章，静脉产业空间布局体系。从生态城市建设、静脉产业园区的建设、旧货市场建设、废弃物交易中心、社区回收网络等方面对静脉产业体系构建进行研究。
第6章，发达国家静脉产业发展状况与经验。主要介绍美国、日本、欧盟等发达国家和地区静脉产业发展的现状，总结归纳它们在构建静脉产业体系，处理城市固体废弃物方面的成功经验，为我国静脉产业体系构建提供参考。
第7章，静脉产业支撑体系。主要从政策体系，管理体系、环境教育体系等方面研究支撑静脉产业发展的外部支撑体系。
第8章，研究结论与展望。总结论文研究得出的重要结论，对论文需要进一步探讨的问题进行展望。
With the development of social economy, the problems of resource and environmentare increasing seriously. According to the current speed of resources consumption,theconventional energy will be used up completely in the near future. In order to realize thesustainable development, the present way of resource utilization must be changed,thecharacteristics of venous industry in waste resource recycling will be gradually attachedgreat importance, most countries are seeeking the optimal path to develop it, solving theproblems of environment and resource which restrict on economic development.
The dependent degree of consuming the primary resources keeps still highly in ournational industrial structure, this mode that develops on the consumption of primaryresources,is hard to sustain in long-term. Although, our country began to recycle the wastein the early1950s, the venous industry did not develop well for various reasons, lags farbehind the developed countries.The rate of resourcization is not high,which caused seriousenvironmental problems and enormous resources waste. Therefore, starting from thelong-term of China's economic development, it needs to improve the level of wasterecycling, develop venous industry, to realize prosperity of the economy in our country.However, the municipal solid waste disposal industry in our country still exist in systemfault, the correlation between system is not tightly, the efficiency of venous industry chainand the level of disopal on municipal solid waste were limitted,which nends to set up anintegrated system to promote the development of venous industry in China.It has the vitalsignificance in the transformation of industrial structure and economical developmentmode,realizing the rationalization and supererogation of industrial structure, alleviatingresource restraint,releasing environmental pressure.
Taken industrial system construction as the research content, selected the municipalsolid waste as the research object, Summarized successful experience of the developmentof venous industry in developed countries systematically,set up the venous industrialsystem on the edge of industrial chain, industrial distribution and external supportin thisthesis. It can be divided into eight chapters.
Chapter1.Introduction. In this chapter, the background, research significance, mainconcepts, research contents and methods, innovation and inadequate are introduced.
Chapter2，Literature review&the theory of foundation. Reviews on the existedresearch results associated with venous industry system construction, summarizes thescholars’ consensus in this field, finds out the weak points up to now, And from the theory of sustainable development, the theory of circulation economic,the theory of economic regulationare subject toexplanation of venous industry system, lays the theoretical foundation of the paper, establishesthe research directions in the thesis.
Chapter3, The microcosmic analysis on the Economic Subject ‘s behavior in thevenous industry system. Establishes theoretical model to analysis that the behavior ofgovernment charge has its influence on social welfare, provides a basis for establishmentof venous industry support system;the determining factor and the boundary of theenterprise chooses the primary resources or renewable resources as raw material, providingthe theoretical support for the industrial chain system and industry layout systemconstruction.
Chapter4, The. Studies on the operation system of venous industry chain in mainlyfrom recycling, logistics, processing, recycling and other links of the municipal solidwaste.
Chapter5, The layout system of the venous industry in city. Researches on theconstruction of the venous industrial system from ecological city construction, venousindustry park, flea markets, trading center, community construction, waste recyclingnetwork system building of,so on and so forth.
Chapter6, The situation and its experience of the venous industry in the developedcountries. Selected the United States, Japan, the European Union as examples, summarizetheir successful experiences in constructing vein industry system and dealing withmunicipal solid waste, provides reference for China’s system of venous industryconstruction.
Chapter7, The support system of venous industry. the policy system, managementsystem and environmental education system will be discussed,to support venous industry ‘sdevelopment as external force.
Chapter8, The conclusion and prospect of the research. Summarizes the importantconclusions in the thesis,and discusses on the problems to be further discussed.
从我国的产业结构来看，对原生资源的依赖程度依然很高，这种依靠原生资源的消耗获得经济发展的方式，难以长期维系。虽然，我国早在20世纪50年代就开始进行了废旧物质的回收，但是由于种种原因我国静脉产业没能发展起来，远远落后于西方发达国家，废弃物资源化处理率不高，造成了严重的环境问题，带了巨大的资源浪费。因此，从我国经济发展的长远角度出发，需要提高废弃物资源化水平，大力发展静脉产业，以实现我国经济的长期繁荣。然而，目前我国静脉产业发展中还存在着体系断层，体系之间关联不紧密等问题，这些问题在城市固体废弃物处理领域有着很明显的体现，限制了静脉产业链运行的效率和城市固体废弃物处理水平的提升，需要建立一套完整的体系，以促进我国静脉产业的发展。这对于转变我国经济发展方式、实现产业结构合理化与高度化、缓解资源约束的矛盾，减轻环境压力，具有重要意义。
本文以静脉产业体系构建为研究内容，以城市固体废弃物为研究对象，系统归纳发达国家静脉产业发展的成功经验，从产业链运行与产业布局、产业发展的外部支撑等维度构建我国静脉产业体系。全文共分为八章。
第1章，导论。主要介绍论文的选题背景，研究意义，主要概念，研究内容与方法、创新与不足等。
第2章，研究综述与理论基础。主要对国内外学者在该领域的研究成果进行综述，总结它们研究达成的共识，找出目前研究的薄弱环节，确立研究方向。并从可持续发展理论，循环经济理论，规制经济理论等学科对静脉产业体系进行解释，奠定论文的理论基础。
第3章，静脉产业体系行为主体行为与依据。通过理论模型分析政府收费行为对社会福利的影响，为政府管理静脉产业体系提供依据；分析企业选择原生资源与再生资源的边界与决定因素，并从废弃物自身的特征，我国静脉产业发展状况及静脉产业目标等方面为静脉产业体系构建提供理论上的支持，奠定论文研究的基本依据。
第4章，静脉产业链运行体系。主要从城市固体废弃物的回收、物流、处理、资源化等不同环节，对我国静脉产业体系构建进行研究。
第5章，静脉产业空间布局体系。从生态城市建设、静脉产业园区的建设、旧货市场建设、废弃物交易中心、社区回收网络等方面对静脉产业体系构建进行研究。
第6章，发达国家静脉产业发展状况与经验。主要介绍美国、日本、欧盟等发达国家和地区静脉产业发展的现状，总结归纳它们在构建静脉产业体系，处理城市固体废弃物方面的成功经验，为我国静脉产业体系构建提供参考。
第7章，静脉产业支撑体系。主要从政策体系，管理体系、环境教育体系等方面研究支撑静脉产业发展的外部支撑体系。
第8章，研究结论与展望。总结论文研究得出的重要结论，对论文需要进一步探讨的问题进行展望。
With the development of social economy, the problems of resource and environmentare increasing seriously. According to the current speed of resources consumption,theconventional energy will be used up completely in the near future. In order to realize thesustainable development, the present way of resource utilization must be changed,thecharacteristics of venous industry in waste resource recycling will be gradually attachedgreat importance, most countries are seeeking the optimal path to develop it, solving theproblems of environment and resource which restrict on economic development.
The dependent degree of consuming the primary resources keeps still highly in ournational industrial structure, this mode that develops on the consumption of primaryresources,is hard to sustain in long-term. Although, our country began to recycle the wastein the early1950s, the venous industry did not develop well for various reasons, lags farbehind the developed countries.The rate of resourcization is not high,which caused seriousenvironmental problems and enormous resources waste. Therefore, starting from thelong-term of China's economic development, it needs to improve the level of wasterecycling, develop venous industry, to realize prosperity of the economy in our country.However, the municipal solid waste disposal industry in our country still exist in systemfault, the correlation between system is not tightly, the efficiency of venous industry chainand the level of disopal on municipal solid waste were limitted,which nends to set up anintegrated system to promote the development of venous industry in China.It has the vitalsignificance in the transformation of industrial structure and economical developmentmode,realizing the rationalization and supererogation of industrial structure, alleviatingresource restraint,releasing environmental pressure.
Taken industrial system construction as the research content, selected the municipalsolid waste as the research object, Summarized successful experience of the developmentof venous industry in developed countries systematically,set up the venous industrialsystem on the edge of industrial chain, industrial distribution and external supportin thisthesis. It can be divided into eight chapters.
Chapter1.Introduction. In this chapter, the background, research significance, mainconcepts, research contents and methods, innovation and inadequate are introduced.
Chapter2，Literature review&the theory of foundation. Reviews on the existedresearch results associated with venous industry system construction, summarizes thescholars’ consensus in this field, finds out the weak points up to now, And from the theory of sustainable development, the theory of circulation economic,the theory of economic regulationare subject toexplanation of venous industry system, lays the theoretical foundation of the paper, establishesthe research directions in the thesis.
Chapter3, The microcosmic analysis on the Economic Subject ‘s behavior in thevenous industry system. Establishes theoretical model to analysis that the behavior ofgovernment charge has its influence on social welfare, provides a basis for establishmentof venous industry support system;the determining factor and the boundary of theenterprise chooses the primary resources or renewable resources as raw material, providingthe theoretical support for the industrial chain system and industry layout systemconstruction.
Chapter4, The. Studies on the operation system of venous industry chain in mainlyfrom recycling, logistics, processing, recycling and other links of the municipal solidwaste.
Chapter5, The layout system of the venous industry in city. Researches on theconstruction of the venous industrial system from ecological city construction, venousindustry park, flea markets, trading center, community construction, waste recyclingnetwork system building of,so on and so forth.
Chapter6, The situation and its experience of the venous industry in the developedcountries. Selected the United States, Japan, the European Union as examples, summarizetheir successful experiences in constructing vein industry system and dealing withmunicipal solid waste, provides reference for China’s system of venous industryconstruction.
Chapter7, The support system of venous industry. the policy system, managementsystem and environmental education system will be discussed,to support venous industry ‘sdevelopment as external force.
Chapter8, The conclusion and prospect of the research. Summarizes the importantconclusions in the thesis,and discusses on the problems to be further discussed.
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99这些回收大军在我国不同的地区有不同的称谓,多数场合给他们的称谓是“收破烂的、或者拾荒者。”
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