中外高校本科人才培养质量保障体系比较研究
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摘要
高等教育质量保障是“质量时代”对高等教育提出的新挑战。当今,世界高等教育进入了一个“质量时代”,世界各国都把高等教育质量的提高放在重要位置,并根据本国国情制定了相应的高等教育质量保障体系。高等教育质量受到社会的广泛关注,尤其是在高等教育步入大众化阶段,质量问题开始凸显,如何保障高等教育的质量已经成为很多国家教育改革的重点,世界各国都把高等教育质量的提高放在重要位置,并根据本国国情制定了相应的高等教育质量保障体系。
     本文首先阐述高等教育质量保障的基本理论问题和概念;从服务营销视角界定高等教育质量管理的内涵;然后梳理国内外高等教育质量保障体系发展的历史、现状及问题等;再根据美国、英国、中国等国家的高等教育质量保障体系的对比分析,应用DEMATEL方法进行高等教育教学质量影响因素分析,提出高等教育教学质量保障体系中评估的主要影响因素,即质量评价主体比较、评价标准、评估队伍、评价过程和评价结果、质量评价法律法规、保障主体、保障内容、保障模式等;随后构建高等教育质量保障指标体系,并对指标体系的权重及数据进行分析,构建高等教育质量保障体系模型;随后选择具体院校S开展实证研究,将所构建的指标体系用于高等教育质量保障体系评估;最后提出我国高等教育质量保障体系的改革策略,主要包括:重建由精英向大众转化的高等教育质量观;创新高等教育质量保障机制;构建完善有效的校内教学质量保障体系;建设高校内部质量保障的教师与管理队伍;形成高校外部质量保障体系,建立“第三方评估”体系;质量保障制度化、法律化和规范化以及市场取向等;最后展望我国高等教育质量保障体系的发展,应坚持多样化质量观;加强高等教育质量保障的法制建设;建立严格的高校内部质量保障机制;建立相对独立的中介性高等教育质量保障机构;院校自我评估与外部评估有机结合;学校分类评估与学科专业评估相结合;注重评估对拨款的渗透;建立全国统一的高等教育数据库;明确政府、社会团体和高校在教学评估中的地位和作用;重视与国际教育质量保障体制的接轨等。
Higher education quality assurance is a new challenge that proposed by “qualitytime”. It aroused widespread concern of the whole society, especially in the highereducation massification stage, quality problems began to highlight, how to guaranteethe quality of higher education has become a key to the education reform of manystates, and they formulated different policies to improve the quality of highereducation. On the other hand, the higher education quality guarantee, both in theoryresearch level or management practice level, is a real difficult problem.
     This research firstly deified the connotation of basic theory of higher educationquality assurance system, conducted the literature review of world higher educationquality assurance system, and analyzed the current situation and problems of differentcountries. Secondly, it analyzed the influential factors of higher education qualitywith DEMATEL, and compared the difference of world higher education qualityassurance system. Thirdly, it adopted DEA model to take empirical study of school Sto test the model. Finally, based on above analysis, the dissertation proposed thereform strategy of China higher education quality assurance system, includingreconstruction the sense of education quality; higher education quality assurancemechanism innovation; constructing perfect effective school teaching qualityassurance system, construct the higher education quality management informationnetwork mechanism; set up “the third party” evaluation system, etc. will be theinevitable choice. And China should adhere to the diversified quality; strengthen theconstruction of legal system, set up the idea of running according to law andconsciousness; improve education quality assurance system with the third partyparticipation; establish a strict quality guarantee mechanism of colleges anduniversities; establish suitable certification system; pay attention to the developmentof foreign education quality assurance system, etc.
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