摘要
齿轮传动是应用最广泛的机械传动技术，距今已有五百多年的历史。根切现象限制了齿轮的传动空间。为了避免齿轮的根切，就必须牺牲齿轮的传动空间。空间曲线啮合轮（Space Curve Meshing Wheel，SCMW）的产生，从根本上消除了齿轮的根切现象，推动了齿轮传动技术的发展。
本文围绕如何提升SCMW传动精度做了相关的研究。首先，在激光熔融快速成型制造技术的基础之上，研究了SCMW钩杆表面质量改进技术，从而提高SCMW的传动精度。其次，在SCMW传动的过程中，由于装配误差和负载作用，其传动精度也会降低。本文研究了装配误差、负载以及重合度对传动精度的影响，并提出相应的解决方案来提高传动精度。
具体来讲，本文进行了以下几个方面的工作：
1.研究了电解擦削精加工技术，设计了SCMW的电解擦削的加工工具和加工设备，并设计相应的加工方案对SCMW的啮合钩杆进行精加工，通过提高其表面质量来提高传动精度。
2.研究了装配误差对SCMW传动精度的影响。根据钩杆中心线方程，结合空间几何学知识，求出啮合钩杆的曲面方程。然后根据齿面接触分析理论，结合空间曲线啮合轮的装配误差模型，推导装配误差存在时的传动误差。从而计算出存在装配误差的情况下，SCMW的传动误差和重合度的变化。为控制和减少传动误差提供理论依据，并在实际的应用过程中，为控制传动误差提供相应的解决方案。
3.研究了负载对SCMW传动精度的影响。分析其传动过程中的钩杆受力与变形情况，计算在啮合过程中钩杆的实际曲面方程。并根据齿面接触方程，计算运动过程中接触点的各个曲面参数与实际传动角度。运用MATLAB拟合出其传动误差曲线，从而计算传动负载对传动误差和重合度的影响。为了提高传动精度，根据计算出的传动误差曲线和各个接触点的变形情况，提出一种钩杆的修形方法对空间曲线啮合轮的钩杆修形。
4.研究了重合度对传动精度的影响。首先，根据重合度的定义，计算出重合度对空间曲线啮合轮载荷分配的影响。其次，根据载荷分配规律，分析了重合度对钩杆变形的影响，并根据钩杆的变形情况，计算出实际的曲面方程，最后，计算运动过程中SCMW传动误差的变化情况，绘制传动误差曲线，分析重合度对传动精度的影响。从而为空间曲线啮合轮的重合度的设计提供理论依据。
尽管本文围绕提升空间曲线啮合轮的传动精度做了以上研究，取得了一定的成果，但是仍然存在一些不足，如空间曲线啮合轮的摩擦与润滑并没有进行研究。齿轮副的磨损将是影响传动精度的重要因素，这些工作尚需后续研究。
Gear is widely used in mechanical transmission. It has been developed for more than500years. Undercutting restrict the gear size. Aiming to avoid undercutting of gears, bigger drivespace is required. Space curve meshing wheels (SCMW) overcomes undercutting, andpromotes the development of gear transmission technology.
This dissertation is focused on enhancing SCMW’s transmission precision. Firstly, Basedon selective laser melting manufacturing technology, electrochemical brushing (ECB) hasbeen studied to improve the surface quality of SCMW for transmission precision. Secondly,during the meshing of SCMW, assembly errors and load will lead transmission error. Theinfluence of the assembly errors, load and contact ratio on the transmission precision werestudied. And then, appropriate solutions to improve transmission precision have beenproposed.
The main content of this dissertation is as follows.
1. The ECB manufacturing technology was studied. The cathode tools and finishingexperimental rigs were designed, and the finishing devices were designed to processSCMW samples. The transmission precision was improved by improving the surfacequality of SCMW.
2. Effect of assembly errors on transmission precision was studied. Equations of SCMWsurfaces are obtained according to the space curve meshing theory. Based on the toothcontact analysis (TCA), parameters of the actual contact curve are solved, and thetransmission errors and the actual contact ratio are obtained. Investigation providestheoretical reference and measurements for controlling and reducing transmission errors.
3. Effect of load on SCMW transmission precision was studied. During the SCMW meshingunder load, stress and deformation of the meshing tines were studied, and the actualsurface equations of the meshing tines were obtained. According to the TCA results, thetransmission errors were simulated by MATLAB. Aiming to improve the transmissionprecision, a modification program of the meshing tines was proposed relying on theresults of the deformation analysis.
4. Effect of contact ratio on SCMW transmission precision was studied. Firstly, effect ofcontact ratio on load distribution was studied. Then, effect of contact ratio on deformationof meshing tines was studied according to the load distribution. Finally, the transmissionerrors were obtained by TCA. Investigation provides theoretical reference for designingcontact ratio.
Although much work has been done on improving the transmission precision of SCMW,there are still some improvements needed to do. Such as friction and lubrication which areimportant factors of impacting on the transmission precision of SCMW.
引文
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