摘要
替代燃料LPG以其良好的经济性、排放性能和行驶里程综合优势,在当前倡导节能环保的整体大环境下,具有良好的市场前景。针对当前单ECU燃料控制方式存在重复性开发与应用风险,随动式燃料控制方法控制效果不能适应严格的动力性和排放性能指标要求。本文开展了独立控制式油气两用燃料发动机匹配设计及切换控制方法研究。
通过分析现有两用燃料发动机控制方法,设计了独立控制式汽油/LPG两用燃料发动机控制方法。提出了双ECU传感器信号分配方法,采用点火开关信号控制简化了执行器控制权切换,研究了汽油至LPG以及LPG向汽油的状态转换过程、发动机燃料状态选择方法、ECU电源控制和以及工作状态控制。在整车上进行了燃料切换试验,验证出论文所提出的独立式两用燃料控制方法的有效性。
对LPG供气部件进行匹配研究。针对LPG喷嘴的匹配要求,提出了容器排水称重式喷嘴动态喷气量测量方法,通过建立数学模型分析了影响喷射过程气室压力的相关影响因素。阐述了喷气体积的测量与计算方法。建立了喷嘴动态喷射体积测量装置,分析了测量系统结构及工作过程。通过喷嘴重复性测试试验验证论文提出的动态喷气体积测量方法的可行性。此外对喷嘴进行了特性试验。结果表明,论文所提出的动态喷气体积测量方法可较好地辅助喷嘴的匹配。
根据燃料切换需求设计了LPG状态发动机控制模块电源、微处理器、传感器信号处理和执行器驱动的相关硬件,完成了发动机功能控制软件与喷气阀、点火线圈、曲轴位置信号传感器、凸轮轴位置信号传感器和爆震传感器接口的时序控制驱动软件设计。分析影响时序控制驱动实时性的相关影响因素,提出了改善时序控制驱动实时性的方法,通过试验检验时序控制驱动的实时性。
通过发动机台架试验对比分析了所开发的汽油/LPG两用燃料发动机在使用不同燃料时的动力性差异,试验结果表明：发动机LPG状态下的最大转矩下降4.8%,最大功率下降6%,满足目标对动力性下降的要求。对整车进行了高寒、高原和高温标定试验,试验表明：两用燃料发动机燃料切换系统和LPG状态发动机控制系统在三高环境下的工作正常,两用燃料车在三高环境下的驾驶性性能良好,验证了所设计的系统对环境的适应性。
Alternative fuel LPG, with the good economy, emission performance and mileage comprehensive advantages, takes a good market prospect under the whole circumstances of advocating energy-saving and environment-protecting at the current. The paper does research on the development method of independent controlling Bi-Fuel engine match design and fuel switch technology
According to analyzing the existed bi-fuel energy control method, the paper comes up with the independent control gasoline/LPG bi-fuel engine control method and dual ECU sensor signal distribution method, simplifies the actuator control switch by using the igniting switch signal control, studies the state converting process of gasoline to LPG and LPG to gasoline, the selecting method of engine fuel state, ECU power control and working state control. Through the fuel switch experiment on the vehicle, it validates the effectiveness of proposed independent bi-fuel control method.
According to the way of fuel injection, engine and vehicle demands, it performs the type-selecting, matching and arranging on the LPG fuel-supplying components. It analyzes the feasibility of weighing type injector measurement method based on flow meter and gas tank targeting the matching requirement of LPG injector. It comes up with measuring method of the container drainage weighing injector dynamic fuel measure, and analyzes the related factors which influence the chamber pressure in the injection process by establishing mathematical model. It put forward the improvement direction of the gas collecting container, explains the measuring and calculating method of injection volume, establishes dynamic injection volume measuring device of the injector, introduces the structure and working process of the measurement system. It verifies the feasibility of dynamic jet volume measurement methods proposed in this paper through the injector repeated measuring experiments. It performs the flow characteristic test, the voltage characteristic test, the pressure characteristic test and injector group consistency test on the injector. The experimental results show that dynamic jet volume measuring method proposed in the paper can assist the match of injector better.
It designs the engine control module power source of LPG state, the microprocessor, sensor signal processing and the related hardware design of actuator drive, and finishes the designs of engine function control software and the timing-sequence control drive software among the interface of the jet valve, igniting coil, crankshaft position signal sensor, camshaft position signal sensor and knock sensor. It analyzes the related factors which influence the timing-sequence control drive real-time, puts forward the method of promoting timing-sequence control drive real-time, and examines the real-time of timing-sequence control drive.
It contrastively analyzes the dynamic difference between the gasoline/LPG bi-fuel engine developed when using the different fuels, the experimental results show that the maximum torque decreased by4.8%under the condition of the engine LPG, the maximum power is down6%. The arctic calibration experiment on the whole car shows that the bi-fuel engine fuel switch system and LPG engine control system work normally in the arctic environment; the driving performance of bi-fuel vehicle is excellent in the arctic environment, which achieves the expected development objective and requirement.
引文
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