摘要
大规模定制作为一种新的生产制造方式为企业在不牺牲经济效益的前提下快速持续地为客户提供多样化、定制化的产品开辟了一条新路。但如何维持大规模定制生产模式下稳定、不断改进的产品质量,以持续提升客户满意,成为摆在大规模定制企业面前的难题之一。鉴于目前大规模定制质量控制方面研究存在的不足,本文以提高我国制造企业产品质量水平和国际市场竞争力为目标,试图系统化、定量化地深入探讨大规模定制生产质量控制的相关问题:构建大规模定制模式下质量控制研究的基本框架体系,并着重对大规模定制生产的产品设计质量控制与过程质量控制等问题进行研究。
本文首先对比了三种生产模式下质量问题的解决方案,并基于大规模定制生产质量控制中所存在的少数据、贫信息、不确定性的特点,提出了建立灰色质量模型的思路。
其次,本文从客户满意的角度出发提出了大规模定制生产模式下的质量控制体系。该体系是在深入研究大规模定制下质量控制特征的基础上,主要包含客户满意、客户改进需求、质量控制方法与工具以及质量控制信息四大要素。
再次,基于产品设计过程的阶段性和渐进性,提出了大规模定制产品设计质量控制的基本模型;采用IDEF0建模方法建立了大规模定制的三次集成设计过程模型,并依据三次设计与稳健设计的时序关系,提出了大规模定制的产品稳健设计的IDEF3过程模型,实现了大规模定制产品设计与稳健设计的集成。另外,本文研究了灰色系统理论并将其应用于大规模定制生产过程质量控制中。包括GM(1,N)模型简介、灰色预测在大规模定制生产过程质量控制中具体应用的研究以及对GM(1,N)模型的评价与结论。
此外,在总结灰色系统理论和神经网络的各自优缺点及两者结合可行性、必要性的基础上,扩展了神经网络理论的描述方法,提出了大规模定制生产过程质量控制中的灰色神经网络集成建模方法,并将改进的灰色神经网络集成模型应用到大规模定制生产过程质量控制中。
最后,本文给出大规模定制生产的质量控制案例,并对后续研究进行展望。
As a new production mode, mass customization provides a novel way for continually various and customization products of customers without sacrificing economic benefits for enterprises. But how to maintain the steady quality, continuous quality improvement of products becomes a serious problem for manufacturing enterprise. Given the insufficiency of the researches on the current quality control for mass customization, this dissertation tries to systematize quantitative thoroughly discussion for the related problems of quality control under mass customization. So the basic framework of quality control for mass customization is constructed, and the quality control for product design and production process of mass customization is emphatically studied.
Firstly, solutions to the quality problems of three production modes are analyzed. In the views of inadequate data, deficient information and uncertainty in the quality control for mass customization, the ideas of establishing grey quality models is proposed.
Secondly, a quality control system based on customer satisfaction is proposed for mass customization. On the base of thorough investigation quality control for mass customization characteristics, this system includes four aspects: customer satisfaction, requirement of customer improvement, quality control methods and tools, quality control information.
Thirdly, based on the phased and gradualism need, the basic model of product design quality control under mass customization is put forward. And an integrated three times design model is set up with IDEF0 molding for mass customization. In accordance with the three times design and the robust design sequential, the IDEF3 process models of product robust design are proposed so as to implement the combination of mass customization product design and robust design.
Fourthly, grey system theory is studied and applied to the quality control for mass customization. This dissertation introduces brief GM(1,N) model, the grey prediction theory, the specific application of grey prediction to quality control for mass customization production, and the evaluation and conclusion of the GM(1,N) model.
Moreover, in the summary of the merits and drawbacks of grey system theory and neural network, and the feasibility and the necessity of combining them together, this dissertation extends the describing methods of neural network, and presents a modeling method of grey neural network ensemble for mass customization process quality control. Then the improved grey neural network ensemble is applied to process quality control of mass customization production.
In conclusion, the cases are provided to for mass customization production quality control. And the prospects of this research also are presented.
引文
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