企业环境管理自组织机制培育的理论与实证研究
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摘要
环境是人类生存和发展的前提和保证,当前人类却面临着生态退化和环境污染的困局。企业是社会经济系统最为活跃的组分,但也是生态破坏和环境污染的主要制造者。如此,环境宏观困局的破解需要立足微观企业主体,研究企业环境管理,寻找企业环境问题的解决之道。
本研究基于企业环境问题的复杂性和模糊性特征,以演化经济学为理论基础,结合现代系统科学,运用自组织理论与方法,研究企业环境管理机制的运作机理,寻求内化企业环境外部性问题,实现企业环境、社会与经济绩优的基本路径,以破解环境问题的宏观困局。
首先,本研究在综述和梳理已有研究成果与相关理论的基础上,从自组织理论视角,对比分析了他组织与自组织状态下的企业环境管理机制,并通过对案例企业环境管理机制由他组织向自组织转换过程的实证分析,深入揭示了企业环境管理自组织机制创建的基本过程。其次,就驱动企业环境管理自组织机制培育的内外驱动因素展开全面、系统的分析,并构建了企业环境管理自组织动力理论模型。该模型以竞争与协同作为自组织机制培育的源动力,以企业内部四大动力子系统为内部驱动力,融合严格政府管制、金融与风险管理市场、投资者及供应链相关者、消费者与环境主义者、人力资本市场等外部驱动因素综合构建。第三,应用超循环与超系统理论,进一步探讨企业环境管理自组织机制的外部协同演化,并考察了其主要实践方式--生态工业园。通过以上系统研究,得到内化企业环境外部性问题,实现企业环境、社会与经济绩优的基本路径是：培育企业环境管理自组织机制。
本研究进一步考察了我国企业环境管理自组织机制培育的现状,发现我国企业环境管理自组织机制培育的整体水平远滞后于环境绩优国家。为此,本研究从不同层面对我国目前的现状进行了深入探讨,并以国内企业的案例事实,证实培育企业环境管理自组织机制是企业内化环境外部性问题,实现环境、社会与经济绩优的基本路径在我国也是可行的。最后,本研究从培育适宜企业环境管理自组织机制创建和发展的宏观环境、行业环境的角度,提出了政策建议；同时也从构建企业内部动力各子系统的角度,给出了具体的对策。
Environment is a prerequisite and guarantee for the survival and development of human beings. But now human beings are facing the ecological degradation and environmental pollution dilemma. Corporates are the most active components of the socio-economic system and the main trouble of ecological destruction and environmental pollution.So the solution of the macro environmental problem needs to be based on the micro-corporate. We need to study the environmental management of corporates and seek the solutions to the environmental problems of corporate.
This study starts from characteristic with the complexity and ambiguity of the environmental problems of corporate and theoretically basis on the evolutionary economics.Being combined with modern system science and utilizing self-organization theories and methods,through studying from the operation mechanism for environmental management of corporate, the paper seeks to internalize the externality of corporate environmental problems and finds the basic path to fulfill the best performances of corporate environment, society and economy, and also solves the macro dilemma of environmental problems.
First, this study reviews the existing research results and theories and comparatively analyses the environmental management mechanism of corporate under other-organization and self-organization from self-organization theories perspective. Through empirical analysis of the process that the case corporates transform their environmental management mechanism form other-organization to self-organization, the paper reveals the basic process that the self-organization mechanism of environmental management is created in depth.
Second, the paper comprehensively and systematically analyses the internal and external factors that drive the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management and constructs the theoretical model for the self-organization drives of corporate environmental management. The model takes competition and cooperation as original power for fostering the self-organization mechanism, regards the four internal power as the internal drives and integrate external drive factors such as strict government regulation, finance and risk management markets, investors and supply chain stakeholders, consumers and environmentalists, human capital market and so on.
Third, through applying the super-cycle and super-system theory, the study further explores corporate environmental management and the external evolution of corporate self-organization mechanism and examines the main practical way-Eco-Industrial Park.
From the systematic analysis above, we can see that the basic path for internalizing the externality environment and fulfilling the best performances of corporate environment, society,economy that cultivate the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management.
This study further investigates China's current state of cultivating the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management, and finds out our overall level is far lagging behind the environmental merit countries. For this reason, this research applies various research methods, discuses China's current the status from different levels in depth, and proves that using the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management to internalize the externality of the enterprises and fulfill the best performances of corporate environmental management, society and economy in China.
Finally, this paper makes policy recommendations from the perspective of cultivating appropriate macro and industry environment for the foundations and developments of the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management, and at the same time, gives specific measures from the perspective of constructing various internal power subsystems.
本研究基于企业环境问题的复杂性和模糊性特征,以演化经济学为理论基础,结合现代系统科学,运用自组织理论与方法,研究企业环境管理机制的运作机理,寻求内化企业环境外部性问题,实现企业环境、社会与经济绩优的基本路径,以破解环境问题的宏观困局。
首先,本研究在综述和梳理已有研究成果与相关理论的基础上,从自组织理论视角,对比分析了他组织与自组织状态下的企业环境管理机制,并通过对案例企业环境管理机制由他组织向自组织转换过程的实证分析,深入揭示了企业环境管理自组织机制创建的基本过程。其次,就驱动企业环境管理自组织机制培育的内外驱动因素展开全面、系统的分析,并构建了企业环境管理自组织动力理论模型。该模型以竞争与协同作为自组织机制培育的源动力,以企业内部四大动力子系统为内部驱动力,融合严格政府管制、金融与风险管理市场、投资者及供应链相关者、消费者与环境主义者、人力资本市场等外部驱动因素综合构建。第三,应用超循环与超系统理论,进一步探讨企业环境管理自组织机制的外部协同演化,并考察了其主要实践方式--生态工业园。通过以上系统研究,得到内化企业环境外部性问题,实现企业环境、社会与经济绩优的基本路径是：培育企业环境管理自组织机制。
本研究进一步考察了我国企业环境管理自组织机制培育的现状,发现我国企业环境管理自组织机制培育的整体水平远滞后于环境绩优国家。为此,本研究从不同层面对我国目前的现状进行了深入探讨,并以国内企业的案例事实,证实培育企业环境管理自组织机制是企业内化环境外部性问题,实现环境、社会与经济绩优的基本路径在我国也是可行的。最后,本研究从培育适宜企业环境管理自组织机制创建和发展的宏观环境、行业环境的角度,提出了政策建议；同时也从构建企业内部动力各子系统的角度,给出了具体的对策。
Environment is a prerequisite and guarantee for the survival and development of human beings. But now human beings are facing the ecological degradation and environmental pollution dilemma. Corporates are the most active components of the socio-economic system and the main trouble of ecological destruction and environmental pollution.So the solution of the macro environmental problem needs to be based on the micro-corporate. We need to study the environmental management of corporates and seek the solutions to the environmental problems of corporate.
This study starts from characteristic with the complexity and ambiguity of the environmental problems of corporate and theoretically basis on the evolutionary economics.Being combined with modern system science and utilizing self-organization theories and methods,through studying from the operation mechanism for environmental management of corporate, the paper seeks to internalize the externality of corporate environmental problems and finds the basic path to fulfill the best performances of corporate environment, society and economy, and also solves the macro dilemma of environmental problems.
First, this study reviews the existing research results and theories and comparatively analyses the environmental management mechanism of corporate under other-organization and self-organization from self-organization theories perspective. Through empirical analysis of the process that the case corporates transform their environmental management mechanism form other-organization to self-organization, the paper reveals the basic process that the self-organization mechanism of environmental management is created in depth.
Second, the paper comprehensively and systematically analyses the internal and external factors that drive the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management and constructs the theoretical model for the self-organization drives of corporate environmental management. The model takes competition and cooperation as original power for fostering the self-organization mechanism, regards the four internal power as the internal drives and integrate external drive factors such as strict government regulation, finance and risk management markets, investors and supply chain stakeholders, consumers and environmentalists, human capital market and so on.
Third, through applying the super-cycle and super-system theory, the study further explores corporate environmental management and the external evolution of corporate self-organization mechanism and examines the main practical way-Eco-Industrial Park.
From the systematic analysis above, we can see that the basic path for internalizing the externality environment and fulfilling the best performances of corporate environment, society,economy that cultivate the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management.
This study further investigates China's current state of cultivating the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management, and finds out our overall level is far lagging behind the environmental merit countries. For this reason, this research applies various research methods, discuses China's current the status from different levels in depth, and proves that using the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management to internalize the externality of the enterprises and fulfill the best performances of corporate environmental management, society and economy in China.
Finally, this paper makes policy recommendations from the perspective of cultivating appropriate macro and industry environment for the foundations and developments of the self-organization mechanism of corporate environmental management, and at the same time, gives specific measures from the perspective of constructing various internal power subsystems.
引文
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