摘要
海水温度是决定海水源热泵空调系统的重要参数。天津沿海地质为典型的淤泥质海岸,近海岸海水较浅,冬季海水温度较低,因此不宜直接用作为海水源热泵空调系统的热源/汇。海岸井渗滤取水技术在海水源热泵空调系统中的应用有助于解决上述一系列问题。
以海岸井渗滤取水技术在海水源热泵空调系统中的应用为工程背景,重点研究两方面的内容,即有界含水层中完整海岸井取水系统渗流换热性能的实验研究与相关理论研究。现场搭建海岸井渗滤取水实验系统,进行抽水和停水实验,并在此基础上对实验数据进行处理,得到一些基本的水文地质参数和渗流过程中海水与土壤换热的特点,为理论建模提供必要的数据资料,同时也为数值理论模型验证提供依据。结合实验系统,在多孔介质渗流换热理论的基础上,建立物理模型和数学模型,并采用数值模拟软件Fluent,对发生在海水渗流换热过程的地下渗流场和温度场变化进行理论分析,为进一步探讨海岸井取水系统的渗流换热性能奠定基础。在经验证的理论模型上,通过变换各个单值性条件参数,对该系统渗流换热特点进行深入研究,并提出有限含水层中完整海岸井渗滤取水系统的优化设计建议。最后将海岸井渗滤取水技术和实际海水源热泵空调工程相结合,设计经优化后的取水系统,并对供水水温作出冬夏季预测,进而在其基础上分析采用海岸井渗滤取水技术的海水源热泵空调系统的经济性,为其它类似工程提供设计参考依据。
研究结果表明,海岸井渗滤取水可以为海水源热泵空调系统在冬季提供较地表海水温度高的热源,夏季较地表海水温度低的热汇,因此采用渗滤取水比直接取水的海水源热泵空调系统运行效率高。通过对海岸井渗滤取水系统的优化设计,可以减少系统综合成本。此外,渗滤取水水质较好,可以不用进行防海生物处理和减少对海水含砂量的处理,有利于节约海水预处理费用。在环境影响方面,渗滤取水比直接表面取水对海水自然水体的影响小。
Sea water temperature is a key parameter for seawater source heat pump system. The Tianjin coastal zone is of typical silty coast features. The sea water near the coast is shallow and its temperature is low in winter, which make the seawater unfit to be directly used as heat source or sink for heat pump system. Application of beachwell intake technology helps to solve these problems.
Based on the application of beachwell infiltration intake technology in seawater source heat pump system, two aspects will be studied, including experimental and theoretical researches on seepage and heat transfer characteristics of fully penetrating beachwell infiltration intake system in confined aquifer. Pumping tests are conducted on beachwell infiltration intake system on site. Based on the experimental results, heat transfer performance between sea water and soil in the course of seepage and some hydrogeological parameters can be obtained. These results provide data information not only for establishing theoretical model but also verifying the model. Based on the heat transfer and seepage theory of porous medium and the built-up test system, physical and mathematical model is set up and solved by using Fluent code to study on the seepage field and temperature field in the course of seawater flowing through the aquifer, which builds the basis for further investigations on the characteristics of seepage and heat transfer. Based on the verified theoretical model, simulations are conducted with changing single condition of the theoretical model for further investigations on its characteristics of seepage and heat transfer and providing optimization proposals of this system. In the end, the beachwell infiltration intake technology is applied in a seawater source heat pump project. An optimized intake system for this project is designed and the supplied water temperatures in winter and summer are predicted. Then economic analysis is made on this heat source/sink, which provides design reference for other similar projects.
The results show that the beachwell infiltration intake system can provide higher temperature heat source in winter or lower temperature heat sink in summer for seawater source heat pump system, which ensures more effective and reliable operation of heat pump system than directly intake system. Optimizing the beachwell intake system, the composite costs can be lower. Additionally, water quality of beachwell infiltration system is better than surface sea water. Marine organism adherence prevention can not be used and sand removing can be reduced, which help to lower the seawater pretreatment costs. In environmental impact aspect, beachwell intake system is also better than direct intake system.
引文
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