摘要
本论文依托我国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项(908专项)的“CJ12区块海底底质调查与研究”课题,利用专项课题调查所获的927个表层沉积物、4条悬浮体断面和7根重力柱样进行了沉积学、矿物学、元素地球化学和同位素地球化学的分析测试以及水文与悬浮体的现场观测,编制了研究区沉积物类型图,探讨了全新世以来沉积环境的演化。
沉积物粒度、常微量元素、粘土矿物资料表明东海内陆架泥质区现代沉积作用稳定,沉积物总体呈NE-SW方向运移,它们主要受控于长江来源物质与闽浙沿岸流、台湾暖流等水动力条件。沉积物空间分布上可划分为长江物质控制区和闽江物质控制区两部分。因子分析表明,研究区沉积物主要为陆源细颗粒碎屑沉积,还有少量陆源粗颗粒碎屑和海洋自生的混合沉积、火山碎屑和海洋化学混合沉积。
东海内陆架泥质区夏季悬浮体质量浓度平面分布,近岸浓度明显高于远岸,最高值出现在闽江、瓯江等河口区附近。垂向上浓度随水深的增加而增大,海底地势凸起位置出现高浓度区。控制东海内陆架泥质区悬浮体质量浓度分布规律的主要因素为物源供给和海流状况。现场体积浓度平面分布表现出自北向南逐渐降低的趋势,而垂向分布总的规律表现为表层水体浓度较低,且分布均匀,而在水深10m和30m左右浓度出现高值,30m以下水体随着深度增大,呈小幅度增大趋势。现场平均粒径垂向分布的最大值出现在不同的层位,但总体表现出由北向南逐渐降低的趋势,且多数站位粒度频率曲线尾部出现了“上升尾”。
基于对7个沉积物柱样的分析,探讨了研究区全新世以来沉积作用与沉积环境的演化。年代学结果表明全新世以来泥质区沉积速率介于26.41-50.41cm/ka之间,在此基础上以粒度敏感粒级、粘土矿物组合恢复了闽浙沿岸流强度,以敏感性微量元素指标恢复了氧化还原环境,以有机碳、生物硅、微量元素组合指标推断了古生产力演化。结果表明,研究区8400-4000aB.P.表现为氧化还原环境偏向于富氧,沿岸流较强,古生产力和上升流强度较弱;4000-1300aB.P.期间沿岸流、氧化还原环境、古生产力和上升流强度均表现为高度波动期;1300aB.P.至今,表现为氧化还原环境偏向于贫氧,沿岸流逐渐变弱,古生产力和上升流则有逐渐增强的趋势。根据CJ12-1011孔沉积物<9.71μml粒级平均粒径、TiO_2/Al_2O_3比值、(蒙皂石+伊利石)/高岭石比值推断东亚冬季风演化过程,可以识别出全新世12次降温事件,与格陵兰冰心和敦德冰心氧同位素测试结果对应性较好,且在其它区域不同的材料中也能找到相应的降温证据,揭示全球气候变化的区域性相应。
In this paper, based on a comprehensive survey of China's Coastal Sea Investigation and Research Project (908-01-CJ12). 927 surficial sediments, 4 section of suspended matters and 7 gravity cores from the inner shelf of the East China Sea were utilized by this research, on which sedimentary, geochemistry, mineralogy and isotopes analysis were conducted, and in site characteristics of suspended matters were observed by a LISST apparatus, combined with a CTD instrument.
Researching on modern sedimentary environment of study area comprises investigation on the grain size, geochemical composition, clay mineral of surficial sediments and characteristics of the suspended matters. The result show that surface sediments are mostly transported from the north-east towards the south-west, they are controlled by The Yangtze River source material, coastal of Fujian and zhejiang, Taiwan warm current and so on. The study area can be divided into areas controlled by the Yangtze and Minjiang substances. factor analysis results showed that the study area is mainly affected by fine grained terrestrial chips, coarse grained terrestrial chips and marine autogeny, volcanism and marine chemistry.
Based on the analysis of 7 sediment cores in the study area, the sedimentation and the evolution of the sediment environment since the Holocene were discussed. Geochronology results show that the sedimentation rate has been between 26.41-50.41cm/ka ever since the Holocene. Based on this fact, the intensity of the Fujian and Zhejiang costal current was reconstructed by sensitive grain size and clay mineral assemblage. Sensitive trace elements were applied to estimate redox environment. Organic carbon, biogenic silica and trace elements assemblage were used to infer the evolution of the paleoproductivity. The results show that the redox environment was leant to the oxygen enriched from 8400 aB.P. to 4000aB.P. in the study area, and the intensity of costal current was strong, paleoproductivity and upwelling were weak during that time; From 4200 aB.P. to 1300aB.P., the intensity of costal current , the redox environment, paleoproductivity and upwelling all presented a intense fluctuation; from 1300aB.P. up to now, the redox environment has been a lean oxygen-poor environment, and the costal current was weak, the paleoproductivity and the upwelling present a gradually strengthened trend. And the evolution of East Asia Monsoon could be deduced based on the mean fine grain size, the ratio of TiO_2/Al_2O_3 and (S+I)/K, 12 high values could be recognized corresponding to the contemporary cooling events during Holocene respectively, correlate well with the results of theδ18O curves of Dunde and GISP 2 and reveals the regional response to global climate change.
引文
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