摘要
创业对促进经济发展效率,为市场带来创新,促进和维持就业水平都是很重要的。近年来,创业研究成为多学科交叉的热点领域。比较显著的变化就是创业研究已从宏观的环境研究深入细致到关于微观个体的创业特质及创业意向等。这其中的一个研究热点就是关于创业自我效能的研究。创业自我效能与创业意向密切相关,还能预测创业绩效,是创业研究领域非常重要的一个构念,其前因变量比较多,综合了个体各方面的影响因素。一般认为,创业教育对创业自我效能感是有显著影响的,但鲜有学者单独研究这两者之间的关系,一般仅将创业教育当做综合变量中的一个来进行分析,这显然没有从理论上体现创业教育的重要作用,所以本文的主要研究目的就是控制其他因素的变化,以KAB项目为例,单独研究创业教育对创业自我效能的影响,并探究教育项目对自我效能感的影响机制。
本文在对相关理论文献回顾的基础上,建立起了KAB项目几个模块与创业自我效能各维度的关系模型,并提出了研究假设,然后通过访谈,问卷调查等形式收集了数据,为了控制其他影响因素,本研究分别在课程开始和结束后做了问卷调查。通过统计分析验证出的结果表明,KAB教育项目对创业自我效能的影响显著,尤其对创业领导和坚持自我效能影响较大,对创业管理自我效能的影响一般。而KAB项目中的创业意识和延伸活动两个模块对创业自我效能影响作用较大。
本文的研究结果进一步确立了创业教育的重要作用,对创业教育的调整和改革提出了很多实际建议,同时也为大学生创业自我效能的培养思路提供了很好的借鉴,这对于高校深入推进创业教育,激发大学生创业群体的创业热情和信念有重要的现实意义。
Entrepreneurship is very important to the efficiency of economic development, market innovation and employment rate. In recent years, entrepreneurship becomes to the hot research pot , for example, entrepreneurship study has change its orientation from macroscopical environment study to microcosmic individual case, such as the entrepreneurial character or intension. Entrepreneurship self-efficacy is one of the microcosmic direction. Because it has close relationship with entrepreneurial intension and can forecast the entrepreneurial performance, entrepreneurship self-efficacy became the very important concept of entrepreneurship study. It’s generally thought that entrepreneurship education has great impact on entrepreneurship self-efficacy, but seldom research focus on the relationship between the two variables. This research is going to study the influence that entrepreneurship education impact on entrepreneurship self-efficacy, in case of KAB project.
In base of literature review, we establish the academic model of the influence between the two variables, form the hypothesis. The data collection is got by interview and questionnaire. The analysis indicate that KAB project have a grate influence on self-efficacy, especially the leader self-efficacy.
The conclusion of this study have validate the effect of entrepreneurship education and provide some operable suggestion for the entrepreneurship education reform, so it’s pretty meaningful for university to develop the entrepreneurship education and provoke the entrepreneurship enthusiasm and intention.
引文
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1、财经网站消息: http://finance.stockstar.com/QJ2005120910116224.shtml
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3、A Bandura:Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.,Psychological review, 1977
4、Scherer;Entrepreneur Career Selection and Gender: A Socialization Approach.,Journal of Small Business 1989
5、Gist, M E, and Mitchell,T R(1992)Self-efficacy: A theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability ,The Academy of Management Review, 1992
6、丁明磊(2008):创业自我效能及其与创业意向关系研究,河北工业大学管理科学与工程博士论文,2008
7、Jung:Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and its relationship to entrepreneurial action: A comparative study between the US and Korea,Management International, 2001
8、Frazier&Niehm 2008:Students' entrepreneurial readiness in the United Arab Emirates: an empirical inquiry of related factors,International Journal of Business and Globalisation 2011,Volume 6
9、Chao chen:Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of business venturing 13.
10、Boyd, N G, and Vozikis G S: The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions[J].,Entre-preneurship Theory and Practice, 1994, 18(4): 63-77
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13、Frazier&Niehm 2008:Students' entrepreneurial readiness in the United Arab Emirates: an empirical inquiry of related factors,InternationalJournal of Business and Globalisation 2011,Volume 6
14、Alain Fayolle:Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: a new methodology, Journal of European Industrial TrainingVol.30 No.9,2006
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1、A Bandura:Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.,Psychological review, 1977;
2、Scherer ;Entrepreneur Career Selection and Gender: A Socialization Approach.,Journal of Small Business 1989;
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4、Jung : Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and its relationship toentrepreneurial action: A comparative study between the US and Korea,Management International, 2001;
5、Frazier&Niehm 2008:Students' entrepreneurial readiness in the United Arab Emirates: an empirical inquiry of related factors,International Journal of Business and Globalisation 2011,Volume 6
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7、Boyd, N G, and Vozikis G S: The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entre-preneurship Theory and Practice, 1994, 18(4): 63-77
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