摘要
本文对森林生态系统服务功能的机理和评价方法进行了详细的阐述和分析。在理论分析基础上,结合区域生态环境现状,提出了徐淮平原速生丰产林生态效益货币化评价的指针体系:速生丰产林农田林网增产价值、速生丰产林蒸腾耗热价值、速生丰产林固炭价值、速生丰产林放氧价值、速生丰产林净化环境价值和速生丰产林林木储养价值。本研究的主要结论有:
(1)对徐州市生态效益价值评估结果表明:徐州市农田林网杨树速生丰产林生态效益总价值为611.38亿元/年;其中农作物增产价值为19.02亿元/年;蒸腾耗热价值为3.46亿元/年;固炭价值为270.34亿元/年;释氧价值为225.23亿元/年;净化环境价值为3.71亿元/年;储养价值为89.62亿元/年。
(2)中小型农田林网单位面积生态效益价值要高于大网格农田林网,在未来营造新的高标农田林网时,应该以中小型农田林网为主,这样可大力提高农田林网的生态效益。
(3)本研究估算了徐州市农田林网杨树速生丰产林生态价值和探讨建立实现这些价值的机制,这是一个全新的尝试。研究结果为森林生态价值理论添加了新的内容,并可为加强和改善徐州市的农田林网杨树速生丰产林体系的建设提供理论与方法依据。
This study has expounded and analyzed the mechanism and evaluation method of forest ecosystem service function. According to the theory analysis and combining the area environment reality, the index system of the poplar fast-growing and high-yield plantation ecosystem service function value economical evaluation in Xuzhou was put forward: the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation farmland forest increase production, the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation rising consumption heat, the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation solidify carbon, the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation oxygen released, the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation cleanse circumstance, the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation nutrient accumulation. The main conclusions are as followed:
Firstly, the results of the value evaluation of forest ecosystem service function in Xuzhou city showed: the total value of farmland forest ecosystem service function in Xuzhou city was 61.138 billion yuan per year; the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation farmland forest increase crops production was 1.902 billion yuan per year; the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation rising consumption heat function was 346 million yuan per year; the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation solidify carbon was 27.034 billion yuan per year; the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation oxygen released fountain was 22.523 billion yuan per year; the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation cleanse circumstance was 371 million yuan per year; the value of fast-growing and high-yield plantation nutrient accumulation was 8.962 billion yuan per year.
Secondly, the elemental area ecological economical benefits of medium sized and small sized farmland forest is higher than wide scale farmland forest, when build new stringent specification farmland forest in the future, the medium sized and small sized farmland forest should account the most past, this way can arise ecological benefits of the farmland forest extremely.
Thirdly, the present study estimated the value of ecological services of poplar fast-growing and high-yield plantation farmland forests in Xuzhou and proposed mechanism for the realization of the theoretical value of the farmland forests. It is a new exploration in valuation researches of ecological services of forests and the results and conclusions of the present study are believed to contribute some more insights into ecological valuation of forest ecosystems and useful to the development and maintenance of a sustainable poplar fast-growing and high-yield plantation farmland forests for the benefit of the environment and communities of Xuzhou.
引文
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