天津市环城游憩带空间结构研究
摘要
随着天津市城市居民生活水平的不断提高,天津城市化水平的不断提高,人们对游憩需求越来越明显。天津城市居民以天津周边为目的地的近郊出游出现了日益增长的局面,环城游憩带旅游已经成为许多天津市民在闲暇时间进行的一种重要休闲方式。旅游景点初步形成了“空间游憩带”的结构类型,但对天津市游憩带的研究还不够深入,旅游景点的空间布局、游憩带结构研究、游憩带的科学开发等都是天津市旅游业科学发展亟待解决的问题。
本论文以天津为例,利用经济地理学中的集中机制、分散机制、系统动力学机制,实证分析天津市环城游憩带的发展现状,从文化、经济、城市交通改善、新的团体机构的形成、人们对生态平衡的需求等方面,通过定性的方法,分析了天津市环城游憩带的形成机制。在此基础上对环城游憩带内各旅游地类型进行了划分,将天津市环城游憩带划分为自然观光旅游地、人文观光旅游地、运动休闲旅游地、人工娱乐旅游地四种类型,利用ArcGIS软件通过城市中心距离法、回转半径法、空间离散指数法等相关统计学方法对天津环城游憩带内四种旅游地类型的空间分布结构进行了综合研究,得到了天津环城游憩带内各旅游地类型的分布特点;通过制定层次分析法目标评价模型,及网络问卷调查的方式,构建了天津市环城游憩带旅游资源评价体系,利用罗森伯格——菲什拜因模型对天津各旅游景点进行定量评分,根据各旅游地类型的特点和目前开发中存在的问题,对天津环城游憩带内不同旅游地类型提出了针对性的开发对策。
通过对环城游憩带旅游空间结构的分析,为合理规划布局区域旅游空间、整体开发区域旅游资源提供基础性支持;为发展城郊旅游业,保护生态环境,增加土地使用效益,合理控制农村的城市化程度,美化城郊环境提供理论依据;有利于资金流入、文化交流、观念更新、信息传播,对提高城市居民的素质有显著的促进作用,更加有利于加强城乡交流,缩小城乡之间的差别,调节居民生活,对促进城乡一体化进程有显著作用,从而推动天津市旅游经济的全面发展。
With the rising standard of living of urban residents and increasing levels of urbanization in Tianjin, people demand more and more obvious recreation. There is a growing situation for urban residents in Tianjin to travel around the countryside for the destination. ReBAM tourism has become an important leisure for a lot of people in their leisure time in Tianjin. Attractions formed a "ReBAM“structure type. However, recreation zone in Tianjin is not enough in-depth study, the spatial distribution of tourist attractions, recreation band structure research and recreation are all with the scientific development of tourism in Tianjin problems need to be solved.
In this thesis, using economic geography in the focus mechanism, distributed mechanism, system dynamics, empirical analysis of Tianjin ReBAM current development, from cultural, economic, urban transportation improvements, the new society institutions formation, people respect the ecological balance of demand. Through qualitative methods to analyze the formation mechanism of Tianjin ReBAM; on this basis within ReBAM classifies types of Tourism. ReBAM of Tianjin tourism are divided natural, cultural tourism, sports and leisure travel, four types of artificial entertainment tourism destination, using ArcGIS software through the city center distance, radius of gyration method, spatial dispersion index and other related Statistical Methods in Tianjin ReBAM. Four types of spatial distribution of Tourism conducted a comprehensive study of the structure, by the Tianjin ReBAM Tourism within the type of distribution; through the development of objective evaluation of AHP model, and Internet questionnaire survey, constructed Tianjin ReBAM tourism resources evaluation system, using Rosenberg - Fishbein model in Tianjin for the tourist attractions of the quantitative score, according to various tourist places types of features and current development problems, Tianjin ReBAM for different types of tourism to the development of specific measures proposed.
By ReBAM spatial structure of tourism, regional tourism for the rational layout of space, the overall development of the regional tourism resources to provide basic support; for the development of suburban tourism, protect ecological environment, increase land use efficiency and reasonable control of the city in rural areas degree, suburban landscaping provides a theoretical basis for the environment; conducive to capital inflows, exchange, ideas, information dissemination, to promote and improve the quality of urban residents have significant role in promoting more conducive to strengthening urban-rural exchange, reduce the urban-rural differences, living adjustment, the promotion of urban and rural areas have a significant role in the integration process, thus promoting the comprehensive development of tourism economy in Tianjin.
本论文以天津为例,利用经济地理学中的集中机制、分散机制、系统动力学机制,实证分析天津市环城游憩带的发展现状,从文化、经济、城市交通改善、新的团体机构的形成、人们对生态平衡的需求等方面,通过定性的方法,分析了天津市环城游憩带的形成机制。在此基础上对环城游憩带内各旅游地类型进行了划分,将天津市环城游憩带划分为自然观光旅游地、人文观光旅游地、运动休闲旅游地、人工娱乐旅游地四种类型,利用ArcGIS软件通过城市中心距离法、回转半径法、空间离散指数法等相关统计学方法对天津环城游憩带内四种旅游地类型的空间分布结构进行了综合研究,得到了天津环城游憩带内各旅游地类型的分布特点;通过制定层次分析法目标评价模型,及网络问卷调查的方式,构建了天津市环城游憩带旅游资源评价体系,利用罗森伯格——菲什拜因模型对天津各旅游景点进行定量评分,根据各旅游地类型的特点和目前开发中存在的问题,对天津环城游憩带内不同旅游地类型提出了针对性的开发对策。
通过对环城游憩带旅游空间结构的分析,为合理规划布局区域旅游空间、整体开发区域旅游资源提供基础性支持;为发展城郊旅游业,保护生态环境,增加土地使用效益,合理控制农村的城市化程度,美化城郊环境提供理论依据;有利于资金流入、文化交流、观念更新、信息传播,对提高城市居民的素质有显著的促进作用,更加有利于加强城乡交流,缩小城乡之间的差别,调节居民生活,对促进城乡一体化进程有显著作用,从而推动天津市旅游经济的全面发展。
With the rising standard of living of urban residents and increasing levels of urbanization in Tianjin, people demand more and more obvious recreation. There is a growing situation for urban residents in Tianjin to travel around the countryside for the destination. ReBAM tourism has become an important leisure for a lot of people in their leisure time in Tianjin. Attractions formed a "ReBAM“structure type. However, recreation zone in Tianjin is not enough in-depth study, the spatial distribution of tourist attractions, recreation band structure research and recreation are all with the scientific development of tourism in Tianjin problems need to be solved.
In this thesis, using economic geography in the focus mechanism, distributed mechanism, system dynamics, empirical analysis of Tianjin ReBAM current development, from cultural, economic, urban transportation improvements, the new society institutions formation, people respect the ecological balance of demand. Through qualitative methods to analyze the formation mechanism of Tianjin ReBAM; on this basis within ReBAM classifies types of Tourism. ReBAM of Tianjin tourism are divided natural, cultural tourism, sports and leisure travel, four types of artificial entertainment tourism destination, using ArcGIS software through the city center distance, radius of gyration method, spatial dispersion index and other related Statistical Methods in Tianjin ReBAM. Four types of spatial distribution of Tourism conducted a comprehensive study of the structure, by the Tianjin ReBAM Tourism within the type of distribution; through the development of objective evaluation of AHP model, and Internet questionnaire survey, constructed Tianjin ReBAM tourism resources evaluation system, using Rosenberg - Fishbein model in Tianjin for the tourist attractions of the quantitative score, according to various tourist places types of features and current development problems, Tianjin ReBAM for different types of tourism to the development of specific measures proposed.
By ReBAM spatial structure of tourism, regional tourism for the rational layout of space, the overall development of the regional tourism resources to provide basic support; for the development of suburban tourism, protect ecological environment, increase land use efficiency and reasonable control of the city in rural areas degree, suburban landscaping provides a theoretical basis for the environment; conducive to capital inflows, exchange, ideas, information dissemination, to promote and improve the quality of urban residents have significant role in promoting more conducive to strengthening urban-rural exchange, reduce the urban-rural differences, living adjustment, the promotion of urban and rural areas have a significant role in the integration process, thus promoting the comprehensive development of tourism economy in Tianjin.
引文
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[3]石丹,张杰.基于层次分析法的哈尔滨市环城游憩带旅游资源评价[J].中国林业经济.2008(3):23.
[4]天津市旅游局.天津市旅游局发展规划纲要2007.
[5] Gay Lieber, Fesenmiaier D R. Recreation Planning and Management[M]. London: E&F. N. Spon Ltd., 1972.
[6]Mckenzie.F.Growth Management or Encouragement ACritieal Review of Land Use Polieies Affeting Australia‘s Major Exurban Regions[J].Uthan Poliey and Research.1996.15(2):83-101
[7]DIMA Australia‘s population Trends and prospects 1996[R].Canbeoa Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs.1997.
[8]Weaver D B.Model of urban tourism for small Caribbean islands [J].Geographical Review.1993,83(2):134.
[9]Ball J V. Landseape Preferences and Behaviour of Visitors to Spanis National Parks [J].LandseapeandUrbanPlanning,1995(29):145一160.
[8]山村顺次.新观光地理学[M]大明堂.1995:135.
[10]明庆中,李庆,陈英.试论旅游概念规划[J].云南师范大学学报.2005.37(5):12.
[11]吴必虎.区域旅游规划理论与方法[J],北京大学博士后研究出站报告.1998.74一80.
[12]李九全.西安环城风景区旅游开发[J].经济地理,1999(4):19.
[13]毛润泽.沈阳环城旅游度假带空问结构研究.社会科学家.2004,6:97-99.
[14]吴必虎.我国大城市周边地区自然观光旅游地空间结构研究——以北京市为例[M].中国矿业大学出版社,2005.
[15]刘丽华.基于PSR模型的福州环城游憩带驱动因子分析[J].山西师范大学学报(自然科学版).2008,22(2):105-108.
[16]杨国良,黄鹭红,刘波,等.城市旅游系统空间结构研究.规划师.2008,24(2):58-62.
[17]吴希冰,张立明.武汉环城游憩带旅游地类型与空间结构研究.桂林旅游高等专科学校学报.2007,18(3):364-368.
[18]李业锦.济南市环城游憩带(ReBAM)空间结构研究[、月.北京大学硕士论文.2003
[19]陈传康.城市旅游开发规划研究提纲[J].旅游学刊,1996(5):31-34.
[20]潘勇.上海市区居民旅游强度、频度分析及旅游行为模式研究[J].华东师范大学旅游系硕士论文.1998.
[21]乔海燕,杨丹艳.环城游憩带(ReBAM)的开发模式研究——以西安市为例[J].乐山师范学院学报.2006,21(12):63-65.
[22]陆玉麒.江苏沿江地区的空间结构与区域发展[J].地理科学,2000,20(3):284—290.
[23]冯进松,苏振.区域旅游空间结构初探—以广西为例[J].广西财经学院学报.2006.19(2):107一111.
[24]曾国安、冯涛。增长极、产业集群与落后地区的区域经济发展[J].生产力研究..2004 [8]:111.
[25]毛笑文.黄河上游沿岸带旅游空间结构优化研究[R].西北大学硕士学位论文.2005.
[26]Friedlnan J.R.Regiona ldevelopment Poliey: a case study of venezuela(M). Cambridge: MPress. 1966.
[27]严春艳.旅游核心区与边缘区协同发展研究一以广东省为例[J].热带地理,2003(4):37l一375.
[28]Hills,T.L.and Lundgren,J.The impacts of tourism in the Caribean,A methodologieal Stody[J].Annals of Tourism Research.1988.4(5).
[29] http://baike.baidu.com/view/1379401.htm?fr=ala0_1
[30]冯.杜能.孤立国同农业和国民经济的关系[M].北京商务印书馆.1986:365.
[31]吴晗峰.试论武汉城市圈职业教育一体化[J].中等职业教育(理论),2009(01):24.
[32]马卫花.论职业教育区域一体化发展[J].成人教育,2008(03):12.
[33]乔海燕,杨丹艳.环城游憩带(Re BAM)的开发模式研究—以西安市为例[J].乐山师范学院学报.2006.21(12):63.
[34]吴必虎.区域旅游规划理论与方法[J].北京大学博士后研究出站报告.1998.74一80.
[35]吴必虎.区域旅游规划原理[M].中国旅游出版社.2001.
[36]魏小安.对发展中国环城市旅游度假带的思考[N].中国旅游报.2001-09-07.
[37] http://baike.baidu.com/view/7712.htm.2009.
[38]冯维波,城市游憩空间分析与整合研究[R].重庆大学博士论文.2007.
[28]冯维波,城市游憩空间分析与整合研究[R].重庆大学博士论文.2007.
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