摘要
随着新经济和后工业社会的到来,区域产业结构经历了从工业经济为主转型为服务经济为主的演进历程。在此大转型中,出现了一种新的经济现象:基于人脑创造力的创意产业成为衰落地区经济复苏的动力源。作为一种有别于传统产业的业态,它是集不同行业高端价值部分(研发、设计和营销等)于一体的新经济发展模式,不仅成为区域经济的增长引擎和源头,还推动着区域产业转型升级。本文在借鉴国内外学者研究成果的基础上,通过理论分析和案例分析的方法对创意产业与区域产业转型升级的关系进行定性分析,揭示创意产业与区域产业转型升级的规律,为政府在制定产业结构调整政策时提供理论研究支持。
本文首先以“创意中心理论”为基本分析框架,推导出创意产业在区域创新与创意产业集群成长的中心作用,并以微笑曲线为分析工具,推导出在高成本时代下产业提升竞争力的发展路径,即由低附加值的加工制造向相对高附加值的研发设计与品牌策划方向转移,而这必然催生创意产业的发展,其次,在理论分析的和比较分析国内外创意产业发展实践的基础上,概括出创意产业在产业升级中的三种方式,并运用案例分析方法,重点剖析个案中创意产业在推动珠三角地区产业转型升级中的积极作用,最后形成了创意产业有利于珠三角地区产业转型升级,珠三角地区产业转型升级催生创意产业的良性互动发展关系的结论。
Facing the era of post-industrial society and new economy, regional industrial structure has been evolving from the industry-oriented economy into the service-oriented economy. During this thorough transformation appears a new economic phenomenon that the creative industry basing on human creativity is fueling the economic revival of backward region. Being different from the traditional industry, creative industry is a new economic development model combing advanced part of different field together (R&D, designing and sales).Not only being the engine and source for regional economic development but also escalating the regional industrial transformation. Basing on others' achievements, this research revealed the regularity of creative industry and regional industry escalation by theoretical analysis and case analysis and provided thesis support on policy decision on industrial structure transformation for government.
This research is divided into two parts that the former is theoretical analysis with the latter one as the case analysis. Firstly, built on "Creative Center theory", the core role of creative industry in regional creative and assemble growth is deducted in this research. Using Smiling Curve, we indicate the development path to reinforce industrial competency in this high-cost era which undoubtedly powers the creative industry development. Secondly, an analysis and comparison of creative industry practice of home and abroad is performed upon which we summarize the three ways in creative industry escalation. Finally, we estate the positive role creative industry plays in pushing industrial transformation and upgrading of Pearl River Delta Region by individual case study.
引文
1[美]泰勒·考恩.商业文化礼赞.商务印刷馆,2005
2 注:鉴于对概念的理解,本文统一采用“创意产业”这个概念,有别于“文化(创意)产业”。
3 乐后圣.世纪黄金产业—文化产业经济浪潮[M].北京中国社会出版社,2000
4 花建等.文化金矿—全球文化产业投资成功之谜[M].深圳海天出版社,2003
5 李悦.产业经济学[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1998
6 王缉慈.创意产业集群的价值思考[J].发展规划与结构调整,2006(3)
7 约翰.霍金斯.创意经济[M].台北:典藏艺术家庭股份有限公司,2003
8 理查德·凯夫斯.创意产业经济学艺术的商业之道[M].北京:新华出版社,2004
9 2003年台湾文化产业年报
10 张克.我国园区规模经济研究[D].大连理工大学,博士学位论文,2006.1.30
11 英国对创意产业内涵的定义
12 厉无畏,王慧敏.创意产业促进经济增长方式转变[J].中国工业经济,2006(11)
13 刘维公,文化经济时代的艺术文化基金会角色[R],台湾,教育部快讯,2005(73),http://www.eshare.tw/
14 Mitchell,W.E-Topia,Cambridge,MA:MIT Press,1999
15 朱水林.走向长三角——都市经济罔宏观形势与体制改革视角.学林出版社,2003
16 周绍森.科技创新论[M].高等教育出版社,2002
17 龚勤林.论产业链构建与城乡统筹发展[J].经济学家,2004(3)
[1]Castells, M. The Internet Galaxy: Reflection on the Internet[M]. Business and Society Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001: 45—58.
[2]Davis, H. and Scase, R. Managing Creativity: The Dynamics of Work and Organization[M]. Open University Press, Buckingham, 2000: 146-154.
[3]Florida, R. Cities and the Creative Class[M]. New York: Routledge, 2005: 146-149.
[4]Henriques, E. and Thiel, J. The cultural economy of cities: A comparative study of the audiovisual sector in Hamburg and Lisbon[M]. European Urban and Regional Studies, 2007(3): 253-268.
[5]Hutton, T. The new economy of the inner city [J].Cities, 2004, 21(2): 89-108.
[6]Hall: . Creative cities and economic development[J].Urban Studies, 2000, 37(4): 639-649.
[7]Lash, S.and Urry, J. Economies of signs and space[M].London: Sage, 1994: 234-242.
[8]Landry, C. The Creative City: A Toolkit for Urban Creative[M]. London: Comedia Earthscan Publication, 2000: 45-56.
[9]Lazonick, W. Innovative Enterprise and Historical Transformation [J].Enterprise and Society, 2002, 3(1): 3-47.
[10]Miege, B. The Capitalization of Cultural Production[M].International General, 1989: 234-246.
[11]Nelson, B. and Winter, S.G An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change[M]. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1982: 123-145.
[12]Nelson, R. National Creative Systems A Comparative Analysis[M].Oxford University Press, 1993: 347-358.
[13]Peck, J. Struggling with the creative class[M].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2005, 29(4): 740-770.
[14]Piore, M.and Sabel, C. The Second Industrial Divide Possibilities for Prosperity [M].New York: Basic Books, 1984: 376-385.
[15]Scott, A. The Cultural Economy of city [M]. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 1997: 323-339.
[16]Santagata, W. Cultural Urban and Regional Research districts[J].International Journal, 2002 (26): 9-23.
[17]Scott, A. New Industrial Spaces Flexible Production Organization and Regional Development in North American and Western Europe[M].London:Pion Limited,1988:257-268.
[18]Walcott,S.Analyzing an innovative environment:San Diego as a Bioscience Beachhead[J].Economic Development Quarterly,200216(2):99-114.
[19]Zukin,S.Loft Living Culture and Capital in Urban Change[M].Radius,1988:234-256.
[20][美]泰勒·考恩.商业文化礼赞[M].商务印刷馆,2005:4-5.
[21]张京成.中国创意产业发展报告(2006)[M].中国经济出版社,2006:29-37.
[22]乐后圣.世纪黄金产业—文化产业经济浪潮[M].中国社会出版社,2000:134-147.
[23]张晓明等.走向“创意”产业[J].前沿观察,2000(2):1-1.
[24]杜德斌.创意产业:现代服务业新的增长点[J].经济导刊,2005(8):78-82.
[25]李悦.产业经济学[M].中国人民大学出版社,1998:356-378.
[26]肖雁飞.创意产业区发展的经济空间动力机制和创新模式研究[D].复旦大学博士毕业论文,2007:56-78.
[27]苏启林,陈丹,李凡.创意产业:由内涵界定到政策设计的演进[J].中国工业经济,2007(8):41-48.
[28]王缉慈.创意产业集群的价值思考[J].发展规划与结构调整,2006(3):24-27.
[29]林拓.世界文化产业发展前沿报告[M].社会科学文献出版社,2004:267-289.
[30]约翰·霍金斯.创意经济[M].台北:典藏艺术家庭股份有限公司,2003:174-198.
[31]理查德·凯夫斯.创意产业经济学艺术的商业之道[M].新华出版社,2004:215-234.
[32]张克.我国园区规模经济研究[D].大连理工大学博士学位论文,2006:67-75.
[33][美]丝奇雅·沙森(周振华等译).全球城市—纽约伦敦东京[M].上海社会科学院出版社,2005:278-308.
[34]刘东勋,宋丙涛,耿明斋.新区域经济学论纲[M].社会科学文献出版社,2005:345-367.
[35]阮仪三.论创意产业的城市基础[J].同济大学学报社会科学,2005(1):39-41.
[36]于雪梅.在传统与时尚的交融中打造文化创意园区[J].德国研究,2006(1):55-80.
[37]王伟年,张平宇.创意产业与城市再生[J].城市规划学刊,2006(2):22-27.
[38]荣跃明,超越文化产业创意产业的本质和特征[J].毛泽东邓小平理论研究,2004(5):34-43.
[39]厉无畏,王慧敏.创意产业促进经济增长方式转变[J].中国工业经济,2006(11):5-13.
[40]刘维公.文化经济时代的艺术文化基金会角色[R].台湾:教育部快讯,2005(73):ttp://www.eshare.tw/
[41][澳]戴维·思罗斯比著(潘飞编译).什么是文化资术[M].马克思主义与现实,2004(1):50-55.
[42]王志成.城市发展创意产业的影响因素分析及实证研究[J].中国工业经济,2007(8):49-57.
[43]花建.产业丛与知识源——论创意产业集聚区的内在规律和发展动力[J].上海财经大学学报,2007(8):3-8.
[44][美]沃尔特·罗斯托.经济成长的阶段[M].商务印书馆,1962:33-35.
[45]王德禄.区域的崛起——区域创新理论与案例研究[M].山东教育出版社,2001:56-78.
[46]林峰.可持续发展与产业结构调整[M].社会科学文献出版社,2006:42-55.
[47]朱水林.走向长三角——都市经济圈宏观形势与体制改革视角[M].学林出版社,2003:167-179
[48]周绍森.科技创新论[M].高等教育出版社,2002:267-290
[49]喆儒.产业转型升级——开放条件下中国政策选择[M].中国经济出版社,2006:234-278
[50]路风.走向自主创新:寻求中国力量的源泉[M].广两师范大学出版社,2006:198-214
[51]张辉.全球价值链下地方产业集群转型和升级[M].经济科学出版社,2006:256-271
[52]龚勤林.论产业链构建与城乡统筹发展[J].经济学家,2004(3):121-123
[53]吴金明,张磐,赵曾琪.产业链、产业配套半径[J].中国工业经济,2005(3):45-54
[54]迈克尔·波特著(陈小悦译).竞争优势[M].华夏出版社,2003:267-299
[55]陈楚.基于价值链理论的创意产业赢利模式探析[J].科技进步与对策,2007(3):68-71
[56]牛维麟.国际创意产业园区发展研究报告[M].中国人民大学出版社,2007:247-259
[57]陈宏林.明基以“微笑曲线”再造自身[J].微电脑世界,2006(11):191.