摘要
操动机构作为高压断路器的关键部件之一,它不但要保证断路器长期的动作可靠性,而且要满足灭弧特性对操动机构的要求。高压断路器直线电机操动机构采用直线电机作为整个的驱动源,通过连杆等机构的配合,带动断路器的动触头运动,实现分、合闸操作,具有良好的快速响应能力和可控性。
本文工作的主要目的在于设计出一种满足高压断路器分合闸性能的永磁直线电机。采用的研究方法是依据断路器的反力特性的要求设计出满足其性能和负载特性要求的永磁直线电机操动机构,采用有限元分析的方法对所设计的电机操动机构进行仿真分析,然后通过和永磁机构实验结果的对比分析验证设计的合理性,本文所研究的工作内容如下：
首先,通过对40.5kV真空断路器的负载特性和质量进行归算,为机构侧动态特性分析提供了基础和依据,在配有永磁机构的真空断路器进行实验,得到了永磁机构的分合闸电流随时间变化、机构侧位移随时间变化、断路器动触头行程随时间变化以及电容电压随时间变化的图像,为下一步和新的水磁直线电机操动机构做对比分析提供了可靠的实验依据；
其次,对40.5kV真空断路器的永磁直线电机操动机构进行设计,依据设计结果通过仿真获得机构运动侧行程曲线,以及电流和驱动力曲线,通过和永磁机构的动态参数结果进行对比分析,找出永磁直线电机操动机构的优缺点,同时验证电机设计的合理性；
最后,通过对126kV真空断路器的负载特性和质量进行规算,设计出满足要求断路器性能参数的永磁直线电机操动机构,并对其进行仿真分析,得到其动态特性参数(动态电磁力、速度特性、位移特性),来验证其满足断路器分合闸特性的要求。
Actuator is one of the most important components of the circuit breaker which must ensure the action reliability of circuit breakers in long-term operation and meet the requirements of the operating mechanism determined by the arc at the same time. Linear motor actuator of the high voltage circuit breaker has a good rapid response capability and maneuverability, it uses linear motor as the entire drive source, with the cooperation of the mechanism such as the connecting rod and so on, to drive the movements of the moving contact and achieve the separating and closing operation of the brake.
In this paper a kind of permanent magnet linear motor is designed which meets the separating and closing operation properties of the high voltage circuit breaker. The research method used is based on the simulation and experimental results of the permanent magnet mechanism which proves the rationality of the design. Analysis results of linear motor actuator of the high voltage circuit breaker are gained by analyzing the force characteristic of the high voltage circuit breaker and simulation of the electric actuator designed with the finite-element analysis method.
First, the load characteristics and quality of 40.5 kV vacuum circuit breaker are calculated. This could provide the foundation and basis analysis of the dynamic of actuator side. Experiments on the vacuum circuit breaker which is mounted with a permanent magnetic actuator in it are carried out. The open and close current over time, the displacement of actuator side over time, travel curve of contactor as well as the curve of capacitance-voltage are obtained by experiments. Thus provide a reliable experimental basis for comparative analysis of permanent magnet linear motor actuator.
Secondly, the 40.5kV vacuum circuit breaker with permanent magnet linear motor actuator are designed. Through experiment Stroke curve of actuator, curve of driving force are obtained. The 40.5kV motor actuator of the linear motor is presented and its advantages and disadvantages compared with the permanent magnet actuator are found through its simulation. Meanwhile, the reasonableness of the design of the motor are verified;
Finally, the load characteristics and quality of 126kV vacuum circuit breaker are calculated. Then, permanent magnet linear motor actuator which meets the performance parameters of the circuit breaker is designed. Through simulation, its rationality and engineering properties are proved by analyzing its dynamic electromagnetic force, velocity characteristics, displacement characteristics. This verified the requirements of circuit breaker closing characteristics could be meet.
引文
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