摘要
对分离自不同宿主植物和不同部位的5株(CgSO1、CgSB2、CgO5、CgSPOP2和Cg5#)土生空团菌(Cenococcum geophilum Fr.. Cg)进行了最优扩繁条件及其对宿主虎榛子和油松的促生作用的研究。通过单因素试验、正交试验和液体培养验证试验对5株菌株进行了培养特性的研究,并通过室内试验对5株Cg对虎榛子和油松的促生作用进行了研究。
本研究取得了以下结果:
1、采用平板培养法对5菌株的最适培养基进行了初筛,并对5菌株培养特性进行研究,并采用液体摇瓶培养方法对优化结果进行了验证。结果表明,不同来源的五株Cg在培养特性上存在一定差异,除最适温度无差异外,最适pH值、碳氮源、微量元素、无机盐以及维生素都不相同;培养基经优化后,5菌株的菌丝产量均有很大提高,CgSO1、CgSB2、CgO5、CgSPOP2和Cg5#菌株的单菌落菌丝生物量分别达到0.0643g、0.0853g、0.0985g、0.0659g和0.0891g;在液体摇瓶验证试验中,5菌株菌丝产量分别达到了13.189g/L、12.413g/L、18.852g/ L、11.511g/L和14.179 g/L,均达到了液体发酵生产要求。验证试验结果表明,液体摇瓶试验的结果与固体平板试验的结果是十分吻合的。
2、来源不同的5菌株除来自法国的Cg5#外,其中CgSO1、CgSB2、CgO5和CgSPOP2对虎榛子幼苗的感染率分别为43.5%、46.8%、49.2%和48.1%,均达到了四级侵染率;而只有CgSO1和CgSPOP2与油松形成了菌根,而且感染率仅为10.3%和12.4%。接种Cg后,虎榛子菌根苗比对照苗的苗高提高了49.6%-65.9%,地茎提高了14.9%-21.9%,一级侧根数提高了21.7%-34.8%,地上干重提高了51%-69.9%;地下干重提高了108-135.5%,总干重提高了71.8%-88.3%,根冠比提高了27.1%-46%,相对含水量提高了4.9%-8.5%;接种Cg后,油松的菌根苗苗高提高了7.6%-8.6%,地茎提高了10.5%-11.8%,一级侧根数分别提高了12.5%-18.8%,地下干重提高了31.8%-32.9%,总干重提高了16.6%-16.8%,根冠比提高了20.7%-22%。这些结果表明,接种Cg菌株并形成菌根后,可以显著促进宿主苗木的生长,尤其是促进宿主的地下生物量和根冠比的增加。
The best propagation conditions and the Growth-promoting on Ostryopsis davidiana and pinus tabulaeformis of the five strains of Cenococcum geophilum (CgSO1, CgSB2, CgO5, CgSPOP2 and Cg5#) was studied in this paper. The single-factor tests, orthogonal tests and liquid confirmatory test were used to research the cultuer characteristics of the 5 Cg strains. The growth-promoting on O. davidiana and P. tabulaeformis of the 5 Cg strains were studied.
The main results were following:
(1) The optimized culturing conditions of 5 Cg strains were determined separately. The results showed that the 5 Cg strains had different nutrition physiological characteristics. The optimum pH, carbon source, nitrogen source, microelements components, mineral salt components, vitamin requirement were different excepted the optimum temperature; The biomass of the 5 Cg strains were increased significantly. The monoclony biomass of 5 Cg strains were 0.0643g, 0.0853g, 0.0985g, 0.0659g and 0.0891g; The results of the corresponding liquid cultivation were 13.189 g/L, 12.413 g/L, 18.852 g/, 11.511 g/L and 14.179 g/L.
(2) The results showed that the infection rates of the 4 Cg stains?(CgSO1, CgSB2, CgO5 and CgSPOP2) on the O.davidiana were 43.5%, 46.8%, 49.2% and 48.1% respectively. However, there were only CgSO1 and CgSPOP2 which could form the mycorrhiza structure with P.tabulaeformis, and the infection rates were just 10.3% and 12.4%. After inoculating Cg, the heights of mycorrhizal seedling of O.davidiana were 49.6% to 65.9% higher than the control. The ground diameters were increased by 14.9% to 21.9%. The first grade lateral roots were increased by 21.7% to 34.8%. The shoots dry weights were raised by 51% to 69.9%. The roots dry weights were raised by 108% to 135.5%. The total dry weight was raised by 71.8% to 88.3%. The root/shoot ratios were increased by 27.1% to 46%. The relative water contents were increased by 4.9% to 8.5%. The height of mycorrhizal seedlings of P.tabulaeformis was promoted 7.6% to 8.6%, the ground diameter was promoted 10.5% to 11.8%. The first grade lateral roots were increased by 12.5% to 18.8%. The roots dry weight was raised by 31.8% to 32.9%. The total dry weights were raised by 16.6% to 16.8%. The root/shoot ratios were increased 20.7% to 22%. All of the results manifested that after inoculated Cg, the growth of host plants were improved definitely.
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