摘要
国有经济是我国国民经济的重要支撑和基础。半个多世纪以来,在我国经济建设和社会发展中发挥了重要作用。随着我国社会主义市场经济体制改革的不断深入,国有经济布局过宽、产业布局结构和企业组织结构不尽合理、企业主业不够突出、核心竞争力不强的问题日显突出,制约了国有经济在国民经济中支撑与带动作用的发挥。实行国有经济布局和结构战略性调整,完善国有资本有进有退、合理流动机制,是经济体制改革的一项重要任务。
天津市作为我国北方重要的经济中心,随着滨海新区进一步开发开放,正在进入一个新的重要的上升期。面临难得的历史性机遇,如何推进国有经济布局和结构的战略性调整,在天津国民经济新的发展阶段以便更好地发挥支撑、带动和影响作用具有重要意义。本文提出了一系列观点:推进国有资本向支撑天津国民经济与社会发展的关键领域和重要行业集中,向国有大型骨干龙头企业集中,向国有企业的核心主业集中;横向收缩国有资本分布跨度,纵向缩短国有资本分布层级,优化国有资本布局,进一步发挥国有资本控制力;优化国有企业产权结构,促使国有企业建立更加适应市场经济的运行机制,提高国有资本运营效率。
本文首先在分析了国有经济、国有资产、国有企业含义及其功能作用的基础上,分析了天津国有经济的现状,从社会主义市场经济理论的角度论述了国有经济布局和结构调整的必要性和重要意义;提出了天津国有经济布局和结构调整的主要任务和总体构想,并就天津国有经济分布集中的行业提出了调整的重点及应采取的对策作了分析研究。
For half of century, being the important sustentation and foundation in China’s national economy, the state-owned economy has been played an important role in Chinese economic construction and social development. Accompanied by the deepening of market economy system in China’s socialism, some problems, such as the state-owned economy’s distribution being unduly wide, the structure of industrial distribution and firm’s organization being unreasonable, the firm’s main business being not prominent, the firm’s core competition being not powerful, and so on, all these problems constrain the exertion of the state-owned economy on the national economy’s sustentation and foundation. It is an important task in China’s economic system reform that China carries out the strategic adjustment of distribution and structure in the state-owned economy, and China improves the mechanism in which the state-owned capital can enter and exit freely, flow reasonably.
As the important economic center in the northern region, Tianjin is being at the important and new ascending moments, following the development and openness of Coastal New Area. Facing the hard-won historical chance at Tianjin’s new development stage, how Tianjin should boost the strategic adjustment of distribution and structure in the state-owned economy to make the state-owned economy play the better role in supporting, driving and affecting Tianjin’s national economy. This paper puts forward the following arguments: (1) the state-owned capital should concentrate into the key fields and important industries that support the national economy and social development in Tianjin, and concentrate into the state-owned large-scale enterprises, and concentrate into the core business in the state-owned enterprises. (2) Optimizing the distribution and exerting the control power of the state-owned capital through shrinking the distributional span horizontally and shortening the distributional class of the state-owned capital vertically, respectively.(3)forcing the state-owned enterprises to construct running mechanism that better matches market by optimizing the property right structure and improving the working efficiency of the state-owned enterprises.
Based on the definition of the state-owned economy, the state-owned assets and the state-owned enterprises, this paper first analyses status quo of the state-owned economy in Tianjin. Then, this paper discusses the necessity and the important point of distribution and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy. Finally, this paper puts forward the main tasks and overall assumption, and studies the adjustment keystone and adopting policy about the industries that the state-owned economy should concentrate in Tianjin.
引文
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