水电站技术供水自动控制技术研究
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摘要
水电站技术供水是水电站系统的一个重要组成部分,关系到水轮发电机组安全、稳定、有效运行。因此,开展水电站技术供水的研究是十分必要的。理论和实践经验表明传统的水电站技术供水有很多不足之处,浪费能源、不安全、不稳定。随着社会经济的发展,能源、安全问题日益突出,对水电站技术供水提出了新的要求。利用先进的自动化技术、控制技术以及通讯技术,设计高性能、高节能的水电站技术供水系统成为必然趋势。本论文对水电站技术供水实现自动化技术进行初步研究,并进行了理论分析和实验仿真,其主要工作如下:
     1.对传统的水电站技术供水方式进行了回顾,总结了其历史现状和发展趋势。在此基础上提出了本论文的研究目的、意义和内容。
     2.分析了水电站技术供水对象及其作用,就用水设备对技术供水的要求,技术供水方式和设备选择等问题提出了解决办法。
     3.对传统的技术供水方式的不足进行了分析,提出了水电站变频恒压技术供水方案,对新方案所应用的核心设备PLC和变频器进行了简单阐述,并对该方案进行了理论分析,其中包括了变频调速原理分析、水泵调速节能原理分析、供水压力和变频器输出频率的关系分析等,
     4.根据设计要求,选择了控制系统所需的硬件设备,设计了控制系统硬件结构图、主电路结构图、PLC及变频器的外围结构图。
     5.根据新方案的控制要求,设计了控制系统软件流程图,进行了软件需求分析,进行了PLC的I/O点地址分配,然后利用PLC编程软件编写了控制程序,同时在PC机上调试运行了该程序,并对仿真运行结果进行了分析,结果表明新的设计方案具有节能、可靠、报警等功能。
     6.最后,全面系统地总结了本论文的工作和研究成果,并指出了有待改进的地方和需要进一步开展的工作。
Technical water supply is the important component of Hydropower station,which is related to the safe,steady and effective run of the hydroelectric generating units of Hydropower station.Therefore,it is essential to be engaged with the research on technical water supply. Traditional technical water supply have a lot of disadvantages,which was proved by practice and theory. With the development of social economy, energy and safety problems are increasingly standing out, which put forward new demand for technical water supply of Hydropower station. With help of advanced technique of automatic control and communication,it is inevitable tendency to design technical water supply which has high function and saves on energy well. This paper did research on automatic control technology for technical water supply of Hydropower Station and correlative theory analysis and experiment simulation have been done. Main contents as following:
     (1). Reviewed the traditional technical water supply of Hydropower station,and concluded its history and development tendency. On the foundation,put forward the purpose, sense and contents of the paper.
     (2). Analyzed the object and function of technical water supply of Hydropower station,and put forward ways to resolve the requirement of water-used equipment and the way of technical water supply and correlative equipment selection,and so on.
     (3). Analyzed the shortcoming of traditional technical water supply,and put forward new water supply project called frequency conversion and invariable pressure,and simply explained the function of PLC and transducer used in the new project, at the same time,much theory analysis was done,including frequency conversion timing theory and timing pump power economy theory and the relation between water pressure in pipe and output frequency of transducer.
     (4). Selected needed handware equipment of control system,and designed the whole frame and flow chart of control system,and also designed outside circuit of PLC and transducer,which was based on the new design project.
     (5). Based on this new plan, I designed the flow frame of software control system,and analyzed the function of software,and assigned the I/O address of PLC,and compiled program with software for compiling PLC program,and run the software under Window conditions on PC,but also analyzed the result of the run,and analysis results show that the project can produce the better effect of energy saving,safety and giving alarms.
     (6). Finally,generally concluded the research work and fruit of the paper,and indicated the limitation ,and also put forward the task to be done immediately in the future.
引文
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