科技支撑水环境治理作用机制研究
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摘要
从科技支撑水环境治理的需求、条件与路径三方面,对科技支撑作用机制展开系统分析。结果表明:水环境治理需要科技从基础理论与认知、关键技术方法、系统解决方案三方面予以支撑;该支撑作用的发挥,所应具备的前提条件是发展生态科技,同时还应满足企业规模、知识、制度、文化等方面的内在条件,以及市场、社会文化、科研、金融、政策与法律等方面外在条件;科技通过硬实力层面的改进水安全保障技术和监测技术,以及软实力层面的夯实制度基础、推进治理工作、加强宣传教育等路径,发挥其对水环境治理的支撑作用。
The mechanism of science and technology supporting water environment governance is systematically analyzed from the aspects of demand,condition and path. The results show that the support demand of science and technology in water environment governance is mainly focused on the demand of basic theory and cognition,key technical methods and system solutions. The prerequisite for the supporting role is the development of ecological science and technology. Moreover, the element of playing the supporting role includes the internal conditions like the scale, knowledge, system and corporate culture of the relevant suppliers,and the external conditions such as market,social culture,science and technology,finance,policies and laws. The science and technology play the supporting role in the water environment governance through improving water security guarantee technology and monitoring technology at the level ofhard power, and strengthening the institutional foundation,promoting the governance work, and enhancing the public awareness and education at the level of soft power.
The mechanism of science and technology supporting water environment governance is systematically analyzed from the aspects of demand,condition and path. The results show that the support demand of science and technology in water environment governance is mainly focused on the demand of basic theory and cognition,key technical methods and system solutions. The prerequisite for the supporting role is the development of ecological science and technology. Moreover, the element of playing the supporting role includes the internal conditions like the scale, knowledge, system and corporate culture of the relevant suppliers,and the external conditions such as market,social culture,science and technology,finance,policies and laws. The science and technology play the supporting role in the water environment governance through improving water security guarantee technology and monitoring technology at the level ofhard power, and strengthening the institutional foundation,promoting the governance work, and enhancing the public awareness and education at the level of soft power.
引文
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[3] JABEEN G,FAROOQ R.Microbial fuel cells and their applications for cost effective water pollution remediation[J].The National Academy of Sciences,2017,87(3):625-635.
[4] GOPINATH A,KADIRVELU K.Strategies to design modified activated carbon fibers for the decontamination of water and air[J].Environmental Chemistry Letters,2018,16(4):11373-1168.
[5] 刘晔,胡敬芳,李玥琪,等.纳米材料技术在水环境重金属检测中的应用与发展[J].传感器世界,2017,23(12):7-15.
[6] 嵇晓燕,孙宗光,刘允,等.基于事权上收的国家网流域水环境质量监测技术体系构建[J].环境保护,2017,45(24):30-33.
[7] 胡榕.城市水环境治理生物修复技术[J].智能城市,2018,4(17):119-120.
[8] 卜久贺,梁红丽,王楠,等.一种景观式新型微纳米增氧生物浮岛技术在水环境治理中的应用[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(4):16-22.
[9] BISMUTH C,HANSJüRGENS B,YAARI I.Society-water-technology:water resources development and management[M].Cham:Springer,2016.
[10] COLOSIMO M F,KIMH.Incorporating innovative water management science and technology into water management policy[J].Energy,Ecology and Environment,2016(1):45-53.
[11] 黄娟.科技创新与绿色发展的关系:兼论中国特色绿色科技创新之路[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,38(2):33-41.
[12] 庞洪涛,薛晓飞,翟丹丹,等.流域水环境综合治理PPP模式探究[J].环境与可持续发展,2017,42(1):77-80.
[13] 左其亭.水生态文明建设几个关键问题探讨[J].中国水利,2013(4):1-3,6
[14] 张建云,王小军.关于水生态文明建设的认识和思考[J].中国水利,2014(7):1-4.
[15] 吴兆丹,王张琪,赵敏.科技创新支撑水生态文明建设的作用机制研究[J].水利经济,2015,33(6):40-44,81.
[16] 高波.科技创新驱动水生态文明建设战略[J].中国水利,2013(15):6-8,19.
[17] 普赖斯.科学的科学[J].科学学与科学技术管理,1983(11):39-46.