VANET中基于非时隙CSMA/CA机制的IEEE802.15.4性能评估
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摘要
IEEE 802.15.4是一个潜在的标准,可以在基于无线传感器网络的车载自组织网络(VANET)应用中提供高效和高质量的车辆到基础设施通信.在本研究中,提出了一种基于非时隙载波侦听多路访问和冲突避免机制的IEEE 802.15.4的数学模型,以研究介质访问协议在车载通信场景中的性能,该通信过程通过采用伯努利反馈重试的M/G/1排队系统建模,来分析其可靠性、受冲突影响的数据包延时和物理层中的数据丢失.模型分析结果与蒙特卡罗模拟的结果一致,适用于交通流量大和冲突概率高的情况.
IEEE802.15.4 is a potential standard that can provide efficient and high-quality vehicle-to-infrastructure communication at cost-effective and low data rates in wireless sensor network-based vehicular ad-hoc network applications.In this study,a mathematical model of IEEE 802.15.4 based on the unslotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance mechanism was proposed to investigate the performance of the media access protocol for vehicular communication scenarios.The communication process was modeled as an M/G/1 queuing system with Bernoulli feedback retrial to analyze reliability,packet delay with the influence of collision,and packet loss in the physical layer.The model predictions are consistent with the results of Monte Carlo simulation for a wide range of traffic flows and collision probabilities.
IEEE802.15.4 is a potential standard that can provide efficient and high-quality vehicle-to-infrastructure communication at cost-effective and low data rates in wireless sensor network-based vehicular ad-hoc network applications.In this study,a mathematical model of IEEE 802.15.4 based on the unslotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance mechanism was proposed to investigate the performance of the media access protocol for vehicular communication scenarios.The communication process was modeled as an M/G/1 queuing system with Bernoulli feedback retrial to analyze reliability,packet delay with the influence of collision,and packet loss in the physical layer.The model predictions are consistent with the results of Monte Carlo simulation for a wide range of traffic flows and collision probabilities.
引文
[1]IEEE Standard for Information technologyLocal and metropolitan area networksSpeci require-mentsPartll:Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY)Speciations Amendment 6:Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments IEEE Std 802.11p-2010(Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2007 as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008,IEEE Std 802.11r-2008,IEEE Std802.11y-2008,IEEE Std 802.11n-2009,and IEEE Std 802.11w-2009),2010,7:1-51.
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[3]Tacconi D,Miorandi D,Carreras I,Chiti F,and Fantacci R.Using wireless sensor networks to support intelligent transportation systems[J].Ad Hoc Networks,2010,8(5):462-473,
[4]Yousef K M,Al-Karaki M N,and Shatnawi A M.Intelligent traffic light flow control system using wireless sensors networks[J].J Inf Sci Eng,2010,26(3):753-768.
[5]Pascale A,Nicoli M,Deflorio F,Chiara B D,and Spagnolini U.Wireless sensor networks for traffic management and road safety[J].IET Intelligent Transport Systems,2012,6(1):67-77.
[6]Nazabal J A,Falcone F,Fernandez-Valdivielso C,and Matias I R.Development of a low mobility IEEE 802.15.4 compliant VANET system for urban environments[J].Sensors,2013,13(6):7065-7078.
[7]Wang S,Huang A,and Zhang T.Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 for V2V communication in VANET[C].in 2013 International Conference on Computational and Informatioin Sciences,Jun.2013,6:1603-1606.
[8]Xiong W,Hu X,and Jiang T.Measurement and characterization of link quality for IEEE 802.15.4-compliant wireless sensor networks in vehicular communications[J].IEEE Trans Ind Informat,2016,12(5):1702-1713.
[9]Wang C H,Chou C T,Lin P,and Guizani M.Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 nonbeaconenabled mode for internet of vehicles[J].IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst,2015,16(6):3150-3159.
[10]Faridi A,Palattella M R,Lozano A,Dohler M,Boggia G,Grieco L A,and Camarda P.Comprehensive evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer performance with retransmissions[J].IEEE Trans Veh Technol,2010,59(8):3917-3932.
[11]Zhu J,Tao Z,and Lv C.Performance evaluation for a beacon enabled IEEE 802.15.4 scheme with heterogeneous unsaturated conditions[J].AEU-Interna-tional Journal of Electronics and Communications,2012,66(2):93-106.
[12]Lee C Y,Cho H I,Hwang G U,Doh Y,and Park N.Performance modeling and analysis of IEEE802.15.4 slotted CSMA/CA protocol with ACK mode[J].AEU-Inter national Journal of Electronics and Com-munications,2011,65(2):123-131.
[13]Lauwens B,Scheers B,and Capelle A.Performan ce analysis of unslotted CSMA/CA in wireless networks,Telecommun[J].Syst,2010,44(1):109-123.
[14]Marco P D,Park P,Fischione C,and Johansson K H.Analytical modelling of IEEE 802.15.4for multi-hop networks with heterogeneous traffic and hidden terminals[J].in 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM,2010,2010(12):1-6.
[15]Gribaudo M,Manini D,Nordio A,and Chiasserini C F.Transient analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 sensor networks[J].IEEE Trans.Wireless Commun 2011,10(4):1165-1175.
[16]Wijetunge S,Gunawardana U,and Liyanapathirana R.Throughput analysis of non-beacon enabled IEEE 802.15.4 networks with unsaturated traffic[J].in 2012 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies(ISCIT),2012(12):1177-1182.
[17]Marco P D,Park P,Fischio Johansson C.Analytical modeling of multi-hop IEEE 802.15.4 networks[J].IEEE Trans Veh Technol,2012,61(7):3191-3208.
[18]Park P,Marco P D,Fischione C,and Johansson K H.Modeling and optimization of the IEEE802.15.4 protocol for reliable and timely communications,IEEE Trans[J].Parallel Distrib Syst,2013,24(3):550-564.
[19]Marco P D,Fischione C,Santucci F,and Johansson K H.Modeling IEEE 802.15.4 networks over fading channel[J].IEEE Trans Wireless Commun,2014,13(10):5366-5381.
[20]Dopico N I,Gil-Soriano C,Arrazola I,and Zazo S.Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 throughput in beaconless mode on micaz under TinyOS 2[C]//in 2010 IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference-Fall,Sept,2010(9):1-5.
[21]Striccoli D,Boggia G,and Grieco L A.Amarkov model for chaxacterizing IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer in noisy environments[J].IEEE Trans Ind.Electron,2015,62(8):5133-5142.
[22]Hu X,Fang J,and Xiong W.Performance analysis of IEEE802.15.4 with the unslotted CSMA/CA for mobile vehicle[C]//in 2014 International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo(ICCVE),2014(11):902-903.
[23]Goyal M,Rohm D,Xie W,Hosseini S,Trivedi K,Bashir Y,and Divjak A.A stochastic model fo rbeaconless IEEE 802.15.4 MAC operation[J].Computer Communications,2011,34(12):1460-1474.
[24]Series M.Guidelines for evaluation of radio in terface technologies for IMT-Advanced[J].Report ITU.2009:2135-1.
[2]Anaya J J,Talavera E,Jimnez F,Serradilla F,and Naranjo J E.Vehicle to vehicle geonetworking using wireless sensor networks[J].AdHoc Networks,2015,27:133-146.
[3]Tacconi D,Miorandi D,Carreras I,Chiti F,and Fantacci R.Using wireless sensor networks to support intelligent transportation systems[J].Ad Hoc Networks,2010,8(5):462-473,
[4]Yousef K M,Al-Karaki M N,and Shatnawi A M.Intelligent traffic light flow control system using wireless sensors networks[J].J Inf Sci Eng,2010,26(3):753-768.
[5]Pascale A,Nicoli M,Deflorio F,Chiara B D,and Spagnolini U.Wireless sensor networks for traffic management and road safety[J].IET Intelligent Transport Systems,2012,6(1):67-77.
[6]Nazabal J A,Falcone F,Fernandez-Valdivielso C,and Matias I R.Development of a low mobility IEEE 802.15.4 compliant VANET system for urban environments[J].Sensors,2013,13(6):7065-7078.
[7]Wang S,Huang A,and Zhang T.Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 for V2V communication in VANET[C].in 2013 International Conference on Computational and Informatioin Sciences,Jun.2013,6:1603-1606.
[8]Xiong W,Hu X,and Jiang T.Measurement and characterization of link quality for IEEE 802.15.4-compliant wireless sensor networks in vehicular communications[J].IEEE Trans Ind Informat,2016,12(5):1702-1713.
[9]Wang C H,Chou C T,Lin P,and Guizani M.Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4 nonbeaconenabled mode for internet of vehicles[J].IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst,2015,16(6):3150-3159.
[10]Faridi A,Palattella M R,Lozano A,Dohler M,Boggia G,Grieco L A,and Camarda P.Comprehensive evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer performance with retransmissions[J].IEEE Trans Veh Technol,2010,59(8):3917-3932.
[11]Zhu J,Tao Z,and Lv C.Performance evaluation for a beacon enabled IEEE 802.15.4 scheme with heterogeneous unsaturated conditions[J].AEU-Interna-tional Journal of Electronics and Communications,2012,66(2):93-106.
[12]Lee C Y,Cho H I,Hwang G U,Doh Y,and Park N.Performance modeling and analysis of IEEE802.15.4 slotted CSMA/CA protocol with ACK mode[J].AEU-Inter national Journal of Electronics and Com-munications,2011,65(2):123-131.
[13]Lauwens B,Scheers B,and Capelle A.Performan ce analysis of unslotted CSMA/CA in wireless networks,Telecommun[J].Syst,2010,44(1):109-123.
[14]Marco P D,Park P,Fischione C,and Johansson K H.Analytical modelling of IEEE 802.15.4for multi-hop networks with heterogeneous traffic and hidden terminals[J].in 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM,2010,2010(12):1-6.
[15]Gribaudo M,Manini D,Nordio A,and Chiasserini C F.Transient analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 sensor networks[J].IEEE Trans.Wireless Commun 2011,10(4):1165-1175.
[16]Wijetunge S,Gunawardana U,and Liyanapathirana R.Throughput analysis of non-beacon enabled IEEE 802.15.4 networks with unsaturated traffic[J].in 2012 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies(ISCIT),2012(12):1177-1182.
[17]Marco P D,Park P,Fischio Johansson C.Analytical modeling of multi-hop IEEE 802.15.4 networks[J].IEEE Trans Veh Technol,2012,61(7):3191-3208.
[18]Park P,Marco P D,Fischione C,and Johansson K H.Modeling and optimization of the IEEE802.15.4 protocol for reliable and timely communications,IEEE Trans[J].Parallel Distrib Syst,2013,24(3):550-564.
[19]Marco P D,Fischione C,Santucci F,and Johansson K H.Modeling IEEE 802.15.4 networks over fading channel[J].IEEE Trans Wireless Commun,2014,13(10):5366-5381.
[20]Dopico N I,Gil-Soriano C,Arrazola I,and Zazo S.Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 throughput in beaconless mode on micaz under TinyOS 2[C]//in 2010 IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference-Fall,Sept,2010(9):1-5.
[21]Striccoli D,Boggia G,and Grieco L A.Amarkov model for chaxacterizing IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer in noisy environments[J].IEEE Trans Ind.Electron,2015,62(8):5133-5142.
[22]Hu X,Fang J,and Xiong W.Performance analysis of IEEE802.15.4 with the unslotted CSMA/CA for mobile vehicle[C]//in 2014 International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo(ICCVE),2014(11):902-903.
[23]Goyal M,Rohm D,Xie W,Hosseini S,Trivedi K,Bashir Y,and Divjak A.A stochastic model fo rbeaconless IEEE 802.15.4 MAC operation[J].Computer Communications,2011,34(12):1460-1474.
[24]Series M.Guidelines for evaluation of radio in terface technologies for IMT-Advanced[J].Report ITU.2009:2135-1.
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