新型土壤改良剂修复水体-土壤复合重金属污染效果及机理探讨
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摘要
选取新型土壤改良剂对某铅锌矿区附近土壤进行重金属复合污染修复实验,进而评价效果,并分析其影响因素。结果表明:新型土壤改良剂可显著减少土壤Pb和Cd的重金属毒性,与对照相比,土壤TCLP-Pb、TCLP-Cd的浸出毒性含量最高下降分别为41. 4%、28. 87%。经过化学稳定修复,新型土壤改良剂可显著降低Pb和Cd可交换态含量,土壤Pb和Cd有效形态含量最高下降率分别为64. 69%、41. 95%,修复效果Pb>Cd,说明新型土壤改良剂可促进土壤Pb和Cd从不稳定态向稳定态转化。新型土壤改良剂对溶液中Pb和Cd有一定吸附效果,符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型,推理新型土壤改良剂降低土壤Pb和Cd毒性原因可能是发生络合化学反应和吸附作用。
A compound heavy metal pollution test for the soil near lead-zinc mining areas was conducted with a new soil amendment,then the effect was further evaluated and influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the new soil amendment can significantly reduce the toxicity of Pb and Cd heavy metals in soil. Compared with control group,the leaching toxicity contents of TCLP-Pb and TCLP-Cd in soil respectively reduced by 41. 4% and 28. 87% at most. After chemically stabilized remediation,the new soil amendment dramatically decreased exchangeable Pb and Cd contents,and the maximum reduction rate of available Pb and Cd contents in soil was 64. 69% and 41. 95%,respectively,and the remediation effect on lead was better than that of cadmium. It was indicated that the new soil amendment treatment could facilitate the transformation of Pb and Cd in soil from unstable forms to stable forms. The new soil amendment had an adsorption effect on Pb and Cd in solution and it fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption models. It was inferred that the reduction of toxicity of Pb and Cd in soil may come from chemical reactions and adsorption.
A compound heavy metal pollution test for the soil near lead-zinc mining areas was conducted with a new soil amendment,then the effect was further evaluated and influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the new soil amendment can significantly reduce the toxicity of Pb and Cd heavy metals in soil. Compared with control group,the leaching toxicity contents of TCLP-Pb and TCLP-Cd in soil respectively reduced by 41. 4% and 28. 87% at most. After chemically stabilized remediation,the new soil amendment dramatically decreased exchangeable Pb and Cd contents,and the maximum reduction rate of available Pb and Cd contents in soil was 64. 69% and 41. 95%,respectively,and the remediation effect on lead was better than that of cadmium. It was indicated that the new soil amendment treatment could facilitate the transformation of Pb and Cd in soil from unstable forms to stable forms. The new soil amendment had an adsorption effect on Pb and Cd in solution and it fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption models. It was inferred that the reduction of toxicity of Pb and Cd in soil may come from chemical reactions and adsorption.
引文
[1]环保部,国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报[J].中国环保产业,2014(5):10-11.
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[5]王陈丝丝,马友华,于倩倩,等.钝化剂对农田土壤重金属形态与其稳定性影响研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(1):172-177.
[6]杨巧丽,姚拓,王得武,等.木质纤维分解菌群筛选及其对秸秆分解与畜禽粪便除臭能力评价[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):196-203.
[7]李红,区杰泳,颜增光,等.牛骨炭与伊/蒙黏土组配改良剂对土壤中Cd的钝化效果[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(4):725-731.
[8]李晓.牛粪生物炭和沸石配施对镉镍复合污染土壤的修复[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2017.
[9]索超.猪粪堆肥过程中腐殖质的生成及其对Cu的吸附作用研究[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[10] Keiluweit M,Kleber M. Molecular-level interactions in soils and sediments:the role of aromaticπ-systems[J].Environment Science Technology,2009,43(10):3421-3429.
[11]李丽明.改性胡敏素钝化修复重金属污染土壤的研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2015.
[12] Cao X D,Harris W. Properties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation[J]. Bioresource Technol,2010,101(14):5222-5228.
[13] Xu X Y,Cao X D,Zhao L. Comparison of rice husk-and dairy manure-derived biochars for simultaneously removing heavy metals from aqueous solution:role of mineral components in biochars[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(8):955-961.
[14] Hashimoto Y,Matsufuru H,Sato T.Attenuation of lead leachabilitu in shooting range soils using poultry waste amendments in combination with indigenous plant species[J]. Chemospere,2008,73(5):643-649.
[2]金晓丹,罗栋源,马华菊,等.广西某铅锌矿区土壤镉、铅、砷形态分布对水稻重金属的影响[J].西南农业学报,2018(6):1293-1299.
[3]曹心德,魏晓欣,代革联,等.土壤重金属复合污染及其化学钝化修复技术研究进展[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1441-1453.
[4]黄益宗,郝晓伟,雷鸣,等.重金属污染土壤修复技术及其修复实践[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(3):409-417.
[5]王陈丝丝,马友华,于倩倩,等.钝化剂对农田土壤重金属形态与其稳定性影响研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(1):172-177.
[6]杨巧丽,姚拓,王得武,等.木质纤维分解菌群筛选及其对秸秆分解与畜禽粪便除臭能力评价[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):196-203.
[7]李红,区杰泳,颜增光,等.牛骨炭与伊/蒙黏土组配改良剂对土壤中Cd的钝化效果[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(4):725-731.
[8]李晓.牛粪生物炭和沸石配施对镉镍复合污染土壤的修复[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2017.
[9]索超.猪粪堆肥过程中腐殖质的生成及其对Cu的吸附作用研究[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[10] Keiluweit M,Kleber M. Molecular-level interactions in soils and sediments:the role of aromaticπ-systems[J].Environment Science Technology,2009,43(10):3421-3429.
[11]李丽明.改性胡敏素钝化修复重金属污染土壤的研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2015.
[12] Cao X D,Harris W. Properties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation[J]. Bioresource Technol,2010,101(14):5222-5228.
[13] Xu X Y,Cao X D,Zhao L. Comparison of rice husk-and dairy manure-derived biochars for simultaneously removing heavy metals from aqueous solution:role of mineral components in biochars[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(8):955-961.
[14] Hashimoto Y,Matsufuru H,Sato T.Attenuation of lead leachabilitu in shooting range soils using poultry waste amendments in combination with indigenous plant species[J]. Chemospere,2008,73(5):643-649.