七里村油田长6油层浊沸石胶结特征及其对物性影响
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摘要
为深化七里村油田油气地质特征认识,针对延长组长6油层浊沸石发育特征、胶结机制及其对物性的影响,采用孔渗分析、薄片鉴定及扫描电镜等分析手段,对长6油层砂岩成岩作用开展了系统研究。结果表明,长6油层发育同生成岩期、早成岩A期和晚成岩A期3期浊沸石。同生成岩期,浊沸石胶结主要受沉积环境和物源影响,长6油层砂岩火成岩碎屑中玻璃质矿物及变质岩屑的水化作用,为早期浊沸石的生成提供了丰富的物质;早成岩A期,斜长石的钠长石化作用为浊沸石胶结提供了重要物质基础;晚成岩A期,胶结与浊沸石过饱和析出有关,所需的Ca~(2+)及SiO_2等来源于早期浊沸石、长石及岩屑颗粒溶蚀等。浊沸石胶结与长6油层物性关系密切,早期浊沸石胶结阻止了碎屑颗粒进一步压实,亦为后期溶蚀形成大量次生孔隙提供条件;晚成岩A期的浊沸石溶蚀,扩大了储集层孔隙空间,同时改善了储集层孔喉结构和连通性。
To deepen the understandings about geological features of oil and gas in Qilicun oilfield, regarding laumontite development, cementation mechanism and their influences on reservoir physical properties in Chang 6 member of Yanchang formation and based on the porosity and permeability analysis, thin section identification and SEM analysis, the paper performs a systematic study on the diagenesis of sandstones in Chang 6 member. The results show that 3 stages of laumontite are developed in the Chang 6 member, namely syndiagenetic,early diagenetic stage A and late diagenetic stage A. In the syndiagenetic stage, laumontite cementation was mainly influenced by sedimentary environment and provenance, and the hydrations of metamorphic debris and vitric minerals in igneous rock debris in the sandstone of Chang 6 member provided enough materials for the generation of the early laumontite. In the early diagenetic stage A, albitization of anorthose provided the important material basis for the cementation of laumontite. In the late diagenetic stage A, the cementation was related to the oversaturated precipitation of laumontite, and the Ca~(2+) and SiO_2 came from the dissolutions of early laumontite, feldspar and debris. The laumontite cementation was closely related to the reservoir physical properties of Chang 6 member. The early laumontite cementation prevented debris from further compaction and also provided favorable conditions for the formation of secondary pores during late dissolutions.The dissolution of the laumontite expanded the pore spaces of the reservoir and improved the pore throat structure and connectivity during the late diagenetic stage A.
To deepen the understandings about geological features of oil and gas in Qilicun oilfield, regarding laumontite development, cementation mechanism and their influences on reservoir physical properties in Chang 6 member of Yanchang formation and based on the porosity and permeability analysis, thin section identification and SEM analysis, the paper performs a systematic study on the diagenesis of sandstones in Chang 6 member. The results show that 3 stages of laumontite are developed in the Chang 6 member, namely syndiagenetic,early diagenetic stage A and late diagenetic stage A. In the syndiagenetic stage, laumontite cementation was mainly influenced by sedimentary environment and provenance, and the hydrations of metamorphic debris and vitric minerals in igneous rock debris in the sandstone of Chang 6 member provided enough materials for the generation of the early laumontite. In the early diagenetic stage A, albitization of anorthose provided the important material basis for the cementation of laumontite. In the late diagenetic stage A, the cementation was related to the oversaturated precipitation of laumontite, and the Ca~(2+) and SiO_2 came from the dissolutions of early laumontite, feldspar and debris. The laumontite cementation was closely related to the reservoir physical properties of Chang 6 member. The early laumontite cementation prevented debris from further compaction and also provided favorable conditions for the formation of secondary pores during late dissolutions.The dissolution of the laumontite expanded the pore spaces of the reservoir and improved the pore throat structure and connectivity during the late diagenetic stage A.
引文
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[8]胡鑫,丁晓琪,朱颖,等.龙凤山气田营城组浊沸石胶结物对储层的控制机理[J].断块油气田,2018,25(2):157-161.HU Xin,DING Xiaoqi,ZHU Ying,et al.Laumontite cement control mechanism of Yingcheng formation of Longfengshan gas field[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2018,25(2):157-161.
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[10]杨晓萍,张宝民,陶士振.四川盆地侏罗系沙溪庙组浊沸石特征及油气勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):37-40.YANG Xiaoping,ZHANG Baomin,TAO Shizhen.Laumonite and its significance for petroleum exploration in Jurassic Shaximiao reservoir,Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(3):37-40.
[11]孟祥超,徐洋,韩守华,等.中拐地区上乌尔禾组浊沸石展布规律及优质储层预测[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(1):16-23.MENG Xiangchao,XU Yang,HAN Shouhua,et al.Distribution rule of laumonite and favorable reservoir forecast of P3w in Zhongguai region[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2013,37(1):16-23.
[12]孙玉善,刘新年,张艳秋,等.中国西部地区方沸石胶结相与碎屑岩次生优质储集层形成机制[J].古地理学报,2014,16(4):517-526.SUN Yushan,LIU Xinnian,ZHANG Yanqiu,et al.Analcite cementation facies and forming mechanism of high-quality secondary clastic rock reservoirs in western China[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2014,16(4):517-526.
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[14]黄思静,刘洁,沈立成,等.碎屑岩成岩过程中浊沸石形成条件的热力学解释[J].地质论评,2001,47(3):301-308.HUANG Sijing,LIU Jie,SHEN Licheng,et al.Thermo-dynamic interpretation for the conditions of the formation of laumonite related to clastic diagenesis[J].Geological Review,2001,47(3):301-308.
[15]杜贵超,胡双全,石立华,等.七里村油田长6油层组储层特征及孔隙演化[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(1):51-57.DU Guichao,HU Shuangquan,SHI Lihua,et al.Reservoir characteristics and pore evolution of Chang 6 oil reservoir set in Qilicun oilfield[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(1):51-57.
[16]庞振宇,李艳,段伟,等.低渗、特低渗储集层微观孔隙结构分类表征--以延长油田延长组长2段和长6段储集层为例[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(2):193-197.PANG Zhenyu,LI Yan,DUAN Wei,et al.Classification and characterization of microscopic pore structures in low and extra-low permeability reservoirs:a case study of reservoirs Chang 2 and Chang6 in Yanchang formation of Yanchang oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(2):193-197.
[17]付国民,董满仓,张志升,等.浊沸石形成与分布及其对优质储层的控制作用:以陕北富县探区延长组长3油层为例[J].地球科学--中国地质大学学报,2010,35(1):107-114.FU Guomin,DONG Mancang,ZHANG Zhisheng,et al.Formation process and distribution of laumontite in Yanchang 3 reservoir of Fuxian exploration area in north Shaanxi province and the controls of the high quality reservoirs[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(1):107-114.
[18]张立飞.陕北三叠系延长统浊沸石的成因及形成条件的理论计算[J].岩石学报,1992,8(2):45-108.ZHANG Lifei.Origin of laumontite and condition for its formation in Triassic Yanchang series,north Shaanxi[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,1992,8(2):45-108.
[19]杨晓萍,裘怿楠.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组浊沸石的形成机理、分布规律与油气关系[J].沉积学报,2002,20(4):628-632.YANG Xiaoping,QIU Yinan.Formation process and distribution of laumontite in Yanchang formation(Upper Triassic)of Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(4):628-632.
[20]朱世发,朱筱敏,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系沸石矿物成岩作用及对油气的意义[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(11):1 602-1 612.ZHU Shifa,ZHU Xiaomin,WANG Xulong,et al.Zeolite diagenesis and its control on petroleum reservoir quality of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar basin,China[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2011,41(11):1 602-1 612.
[21]连丽霞,杨红霞.准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐地区二叠系沸石类矿物对储层的影响[J].地质论评,2017,63(增刊):91-94.LIAN Lixia,YANG Hongxia.Impact of zeolite minerals on reservoir of Permian in Zhongguai salient,the northwestern of Junggar basin[J].Geological Review,2017,63(Supp.):91-94.
[22]郭沫贞,寿建峰,徐洋,等.准噶尔盆地中拐-西北缘地区二叠系沸石胶结物分布与控制因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(6):695-705.GUO Mozhen,SHOU Jianfeng,XU Yang,et al.Distribution and controlling factors of Permian zeolite cements in Zhongguai-Northwest margin of Junggar basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(6):695-705.
[2]WOPFNER H,MARKWORT S,SEMKIWA P M.Early diagenetic laumontite in the Lower Triassic Manda beds of the Ruhuhu basin,southern Tanzania[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1991,61(1):65-72.
[3]NOH J H,BOLES J R.Origin of zeolite cements in the Miocene sandstones,north Tejon oil fields,California[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1993,63(2):248-260.
[4]MCCULLOH T H,FRIZZELL V A,STEWART R J,et al.Precipitation of laumontite with quartz,thenardite,and gypsum at Sespe hot springs,western Transverse ranges,California[J].Clays&Clay Minerals,1981,29(5):353-364.
[5]杨猛.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区延长组长9油层组砂岩的岩石学特征及浊沸石成因[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.YANG Meng.Sandstone petrography and the cause of laumontite cements in Yanchang 9 layer of Ordos basin[D].Chengdu:Chengdu Univerisity of Technology,2014.
[6]白清华.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组浊沸石分布及成因探讨[D].西安:西北大学,2009.BAI Qinghua.Formation process and distribution of laumonitite cements in Yanchang formation(Upper Triassic)of Ordos basin[D].Xi’an:Northwest University,2009.
[7]吴和源,唐勇,常秋生.准噶尔盆地中拐凸起佳木河组沸石类胶结砂砾岩储集层成因机理[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(3):281-288.WU Heyuan,TANG Yong,CHANG Qiusheng.Genesis of sandy conglomerate reservoirs cemented by zeolites in Jiamuhe formation of Zhongguai swell,Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(3):281-288.
[8]胡鑫,丁晓琪,朱颖,等.龙凤山气田营城组浊沸石胶结物对储层的控制机理[J].断块油气田,2018,25(2):157-161.HU Xin,DING Xiaoqi,ZHU Ying,et al.Laumontite cement control mechanism of Yingcheng formation of Longfengshan gas field[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2018,25(2):157-161.
[9]朱国华.陕北浊沸石次生孔隙砂体的形成与油气关系[J].石油学报,1985,6(1):1-8.ZHU Guohua.Formation of lomonitic sand bodies with secondary porosity and their relationship with hydrocarbons[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1985,6(1):1-8.
[10]杨晓萍,张宝民,陶士振.四川盆地侏罗系沙溪庙组浊沸石特征及油气勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):37-40.YANG Xiaoping,ZHANG Baomin,TAO Shizhen.Laumonite and its significance for petroleum exploration in Jurassic Shaximiao reservoir,Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(3):37-40.
[11]孟祥超,徐洋,韩守华,等.中拐地区上乌尔禾组浊沸石展布规律及优质储层预测[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(1):16-23.MENG Xiangchao,XU Yang,HAN Shouhua,et al.Distribution rule of laumonite and favorable reservoir forecast of P3w in Zhongguai region[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2013,37(1):16-23.
[12]孙玉善,刘新年,张艳秋,等.中国西部地区方沸石胶结相与碎屑岩次生优质储集层形成机制[J].古地理学报,2014,16(4):517-526.SUN Yushan,LIU Xinnian,ZHANG Yanqiu,et al.Analcite cementation facies and forming mechanism of high-quality secondary clastic rock reservoirs in western China[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2014,16(4):517-526.
[13]柳益群.关于成岩作用与变质作用界线的讨论--从沸石相谈起[J].地质论评,1996,42(3):215-222.LIU Yiqun.The boundary between diagenesis and metamorphisma discussion with reference to zeolite facies[J].Geological Review,1996,42(3):215-222.
[14]黄思静,刘洁,沈立成,等.碎屑岩成岩过程中浊沸石形成条件的热力学解释[J].地质论评,2001,47(3):301-308.HUANG Sijing,LIU Jie,SHEN Licheng,et al.Thermo-dynamic interpretation for the conditions of the formation of laumonite related to clastic diagenesis[J].Geological Review,2001,47(3):301-308.
[15]杜贵超,胡双全,石立华,等.七里村油田长6油层组储层特征及孔隙演化[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(1):51-57.DU Guichao,HU Shuangquan,SHI Lihua,et al.Reservoir characteristics and pore evolution of Chang 6 oil reservoir set in Qilicun oilfield[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(1):51-57.
[16]庞振宇,李艳,段伟,等.低渗、特低渗储集层微观孔隙结构分类表征--以延长油田延长组长2段和长6段储集层为例[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(2):193-197.PANG Zhenyu,LI Yan,DUAN Wei,et al.Classification and characterization of microscopic pore structures in low and extra-low permeability reservoirs:a case study of reservoirs Chang 2 and Chang6 in Yanchang formation of Yanchang oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(2):193-197.
[17]付国民,董满仓,张志升,等.浊沸石形成与分布及其对优质储层的控制作用:以陕北富县探区延长组长3油层为例[J].地球科学--中国地质大学学报,2010,35(1):107-114.FU Guomin,DONG Mancang,ZHANG Zhisheng,et al.Formation process and distribution of laumontite in Yanchang 3 reservoir of Fuxian exploration area in north Shaanxi province and the controls of the high quality reservoirs[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2010,35(1):107-114.
[18]张立飞.陕北三叠系延长统浊沸石的成因及形成条件的理论计算[J].岩石学报,1992,8(2):45-108.ZHANG Lifei.Origin of laumontite and condition for its formation in Triassic Yanchang series,north Shaanxi[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,1992,8(2):45-108.
[19]杨晓萍,裘怿楠.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组浊沸石的形成机理、分布规律与油气关系[J].沉积学报,2002,20(4):628-632.YANG Xiaoping,QIU Yinan.Formation process and distribution of laumontite in Yanchang formation(Upper Triassic)of Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(4):628-632.
[20]朱世发,朱筱敏,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系沸石矿物成岩作用及对油气的意义[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(11):1 602-1 612.ZHU Shifa,ZHU Xiaomin,WANG Xulong,et al.Zeolite diagenesis and its control on petroleum reservoir quality of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar basin,China[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2011,41(11):1 602-1 612.
[21]连丽霞,杨红霞.准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐地区二叠系沸石类矿物对储层的影响[J].地质论评,2017,63(增刊):91-94.LIAN Lixia,YANG Hongxia.Impact of zeolite minerals on reservoir of Permian in Zhongguai salient,the northwestern of Junggar basin[J].Geological Review,2017,63(Supp.):91-94.
[22]郭沫贞,寿建峰,徐洋,等.准噶尔盆地中拐-西北缘地区二叠系沸石胶结物分布与控制因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(6):695-705.GUO Mozhen,SHOU Jianfeng,XU Yang,et al.Distribution and controlling factors of Permian zeolite cements in Zhongguai-Northwest margin of Junggar basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(6):695-705.
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