环境规制对经济发展的影响——基于省际面板数据的分析
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摘要
各国政府将环境规制作为保护环境的手段,在发展经济的情况下兼顾环境保护,以期得到环境和经济的协调发展。环境规制对于我国经济发展的影响是如何变化的,是否存在区域上的区别,影响经济发展的因素与环境规制的关系如何,环境规制的变化能否带来其他变量的连锁反应,却少有相关的探讨和研究。基于上述问题的研究表明:随着环境规制强度的加大,环境保护力度水平的提升,促进经济增长的效应愈发明显。同时脉冲响应结果表明经济增长对于环境规制呈现正向冲击作用,且随着期数的增加,正向作用逐渐趋于稳定,说明经济增长和环境规制之间具有长期的动态关系,且环境规制能够促进经济的增长,我国的环境规制与经济增长之间能够在一定程度上实现双赢的局面。
Governments have adopted environmental regulations as a means of protecting the environment, taking into account environmental protection in the context of economic development, with a view to achieving coordinated development of the environment and economy. Among existed research, there are few on how the effect of environmental regulation on China's economic development changes, whether there is a regional difference, how the factors affecting economic development are related to environmental regulation, and whether changes in environmental regulation can bring about a chain reaction of other variables. Research based on the above problems shows that with the increase of the intensity of environmental regulation and the improvement of the level of environmental protection, the effect of promoting economic growth has become more apparent. At the same time, the impulse response results show that economic growth has a positive impact on environmental regulation, and as the number of periods increases, the positive effect gradually becomes stable, indicating that there is a long-term dynamic relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation, and environmental regulation can promote economic growth. China's environmental regulation and economic growth can achieve a win-win situation to a certain extent.
Governments have adopted environmental regulations as a means of protecting the environment, taking into account environmental protection in the context of economic development, with a view to achieving coordinated development of the environment and economy. Among existed research, there are few on how the effect of environmental regulation on China's economic development changes, whether there is a regional difference, how the factors affecting economic development are related to environmental regulation, and whether changes in environmental regulation can bring about a chain reaction of other variables. Research based on the above problems shows that with the increase of the intensity of environmental regulation and the improvement of the level of environmental protection, the effect of promoting economic growth has become more apparent. At the same time, the impulse response results show that economic growth has a positive impact on environmental regulation, and as the number of periods increases, the positive effect gradually becomes stable, indicating that there is a long-term dynamic relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation, and environmental regulation can promote economic growth. China's environmental regulation and economic growth can achieve a win-win situation to a certain extent.
引文
[1]PORTER M E.Towords a Dynamic Theory of Strategy[J].Strategic ManagementJournal,1991(2):95-117.
[2]PORTER M E.Toward a New Conception of the Environment Competitiveness Relationship[J].The Journal of Economic Perspectives,1995(4):97-118.
[3]于同申,张成.环境规制与经济增长的关系——基于中国工业部门面板数据的协整检验[J].学习与探索,2010(2):131-134.
[4]KLAUS C,DIETER W.The impact of environmental regulation on productivity in German industries[J].Empirical Economics,1995(4):615-633.
[5]熊艳.基于省际数据的环境规制与经济增长关系[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011(5):126-131.
[6]封福育.环境规制与经济增长的多重均衡:理论与中国经验[J].当代财经,2014(11):14-24.
[7]李泳,李金青.环境规制政策与中国经济增长——基于一种可计算非线性动态投入产出模型[J].系统工程,2009(11):7-13.
[8]孔祥利,毛毅.我国环境规制与经济增长关系的区域差异分析——基于东、中、西部面板数据的实证研究[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2010(1):56-60,74.
[9]马媛.我国东中西部环境规制与经济增长关系的区域差异性分析[J].统计与决策,2012(20):130-133.
[10]张蕴萍.环境规制对经济增长的直接及间接影响——基于山东省1995—2010年数据实证研究[J].理论学刊,2013(10):43-47.
[11]李胜兰,申晨,林沛娜.环境规制与地区经济增长效应分析——基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].财经论丛,2014(6):88-96.
[12]王文普.环境规制竞争对经济增长效率的影响:基于省级面板数据分析[J].当代财经,2011(9):22-34.
[13]HEIDI A P.The Effect of Environmental Regulation on Environmental Innovation[J].Business Strategy and the Environment,1998(4):223-233.
[14]BERMAN E,LINDA T M BUI.Environmental Regulation and Productivity:Evidence from Oil Refineries[J].The Review of Economics and Statistics,2001(3):498-510.
[15]MITSUTSUGU H.Environmental Regulation and the Productivity of Japanese Manufacturing Industries[J].Resource and Energy Economics,2006(4):299-312.
[16]张红凤,周峰,杨慧,郭庆.环境保护与经济发展双赢的规制绩效实证分析[J].经济研究,2009(3):14-26,67.
[17]张成,朱乾龙,同申.环境污染和经济增长的关系[J].统计研究,2011(1):59-67.
[18]谢涓,李玉双,韩峰.环境规制与经济增长:基于中国省际面板联立方程的分析[J].经济经纬,2012(5):1-5.
[19]原毅军,刘柳.环境规制与经济增长:基于经济型规制分类的研究[J].经济评论,2013(1):27-33.
[20]GRAY W B.The Cost of Regulation:OSHA,EPA and the Productivity Slowdown[J].American Economic Review,1987(77):998-1006.
[21]ANTHONY J B,VIRGINIA D M.The impact of environmental regulations on industry productivity:Direct and indirect effects[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1990(1):50-65.
[22]WALLEY N,WHITEHEAD B.It's Not Easy Being Green[J].Harvard Business Review,1994(3):46-51.
[23]EDERINGTON J,MINIER J.Is Environmental Policy a Secondary Trade Barrier?An empirical analysis[J].Canadian Journal of Economics,2003(1):137-154.
[24]张婷婷.中国环境规制与经济增长关系的实证研究[J].管理现代化,2014(4):68-70.
[25]BRUNNERMEIER S B,COHEN M A.Determinants of environmental innovation in US manufacturing industries[J].Journal of Environmental Economics & Management,2003(2):278-293.
[26]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:Estimation,testing,and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999(2):345-368.
[27]HANSEN B E.Sample Splitting and Threshold Estimation[J].Econometrica,2000(3):575-560.
[28]李林汉,田卫民.环境规制、金融发展与产业结构升级[J].金融理论探索,2018(6):15-24.
①②③数据来源于国家统计局官网以及各省市的年鉴,限于篇幅没有展示,如有需要者可向作者索取。
④⑤⑥数据是经过stata编程计算得到,限于篇幅没有展示。
[2]PORTER M E.Toward a New Conception of the Environment Competitiveness Relationship[J].The Journal of Economic Perspectives,1995(4):97-118.
[3]于同申,张成.环境规制与经济增长的关系——基于中国工业部门面板数据的协整检验[J].学习与探索,2010(2):131-134.
[4]KLAUS C,DIETER W.The impact of environmental regulation on productivity in German industries[J].Empirical Economics,1995(4):615-633.
[5]熊艳.基于省际数据的环境规制与经济增长关系[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011(5):126-131.
[6]封福育.环境规制与经济增长的多重均衡:理论与中国经验[J].当代财经,2014(11):14-24.
[7]李泳,李金青.环境规制政策与中国经济增长——基于一种可计算非线性动态投入产出模型[J].系统工程,2009(11):7-13.
[8]孔祥利,毛毅.我国环境规制与经济增长关系的区域差异分析——基于东、中、西部面板数据的实证研究[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2010(1):56-60,74.
[9]马媛.我国东中西部环境规制与经济增长关系的区域差异性分析[J].统计与决策,2012(20):130-133.
[10]张蕴萍.环境规制对经济增长的直接及间接影响——基于山东省1995—2010年数据实证研究[J].理论学刊,2013(10):43-47.
[11]李胜兰,申晨,林沛娜.环境规制与地区经济增长效应分析——基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].财经论丛,2014(6):88-96.
[12]王文普.环境规制竞争对经济增长效率的影响:基于省级面板数据分析[J].当代财经,2011(9):22-34.
[13]HEIDI A P.The Effect of Environmental Regulation on Environmental Innovation[J].Business Strategy and the Environment,1998(4):223-233.
[14]BERMAN E,LINDA T M BUI.Environmental Regulation and Productivity:Evidence from Oil Refineries[J].The Review of Economics and Statistics,2001(3):498-510.
[15]MITSUTSUGU H.Environmental Regulation and the Productivity of Japanese Manufacturing Industries[J].Resource and Energy Economics,2006(4):299-312.
[16]张红凤,周峰,杨慧,郭庆.环境保护与经济发展双赢的规制绩效实证分析[J].经济研究,2009(3):14-26,67.
[17]张成,朱乾龙,同申.环境污染和经济增长的关系[J].统计研究,2011(1):59-67.
[18]谢涓,李玉双,韩峰.环境规制与经济增长:基于中国省际面板联立方程的分析[J].经济经纬,2012(5):1-5.
[19]原毅军,刘柳.环境规制与经济增长:基于经济型规制分类的研究[J].经济评论,2013(1):27-33.
[20]GRAY W B.The Cost of Regulation:OSHA,EPA and the Productivity Slowdown[J].American Economic Review,1987(77):998-1006.
[21]ANTHONY J B,VIRGINIA D M.The impact of environmental regulations on industry productivity:Direct and indirect effects[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1990(1):50-65.
[22]WALLEY N,WHITEHEAD B.It's Not Easy Being Green[J].Harvard Business Review,1994(3):46-51.
[23]EDERINGTON J,MINIER J.Is Environmental Policy a Secondary Trade Barrier?An empirical analysis[J].Canadian Journal of Economics,2003(1):137-154.
[24]张婷婷.中国环境规制与经济增长关系的实证研究[J].管理现代化,2014(4):68-70.
[25]BRUNNERMEIER S B,COHEN M A.Determinants of environmental innovation in US manufacturing industries[J].Journal of Environmental Economics & Management,2003(2):278-293.
[26]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:Estimation,testing,and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999(2):345-368.
[27]HANSEN B E.Sample Splitting and Threshold Estimation[J].Econometrica,2000(3):575-560.
[28]李林汉,田卫民.环境规制、金融发展与产业结构升级[J].金融理论探索,2018(6):15-24.
①②③数据来源于国家统计局官网以及各省市的年鉴,限于篇幅没有展示,如有需要者可向作者索取。
④⑤⑥数据是经过stata编程计算得到,限于篇幅没有展示。
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