南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉和性腺组织能量积累及其分配
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摘要
利用组织能量密度测定技术和残差指标分析方法,分析了南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉组织和性腺组织的能量积累及其分配变化过程。结果显示,胴体、尾鳍、足腕、精荚复合体、精巢等组织的能量密度值分别为21.16±1.44、21.98±1.51、21.44±1.50、20.83±1.70和21.41±1.70kJ·g–1。胴体和精荚复合体两组织的能量密度在不同性腺成熟度之间均存在显著性差异,而尾鳍、足腕、精巢等3种组织的能量密度则在不同性腺成熟度之间均没有统计学差异。个体总能量积累为299.31±90.81kJ;随着个体生长,总能量积累呈现增加的趋势。胴体、足腕和尾鳍等肌肉组织的能量占比为95.31%～98.04%,随着性腺发育呈现降低的趋势;精巢和精荚复合体等性腺组织的能量总投入占比为2.63%～5.33%,随着性腺发育呈增加的趋势,并在Ⅴ期达到最大值。同时,残差指标分析显示,胴体、尾鳍、足腕等肌肉组织能量积累–胴长残差与性腺组织能量积累–胴长残差呈显著的正相关关系,表明个体性腺发育过程中肌肉组织能量没有转化用于性腺组织的生长发育,其生殖能量投入倾向于外源性投入。初步掌握了南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉和性腺组织能量的积累变化过程,为深入了解它们的繁殖策略和为可持续开发利用该种类资源提供了科学基础。
The energy accumulation and allocation of somatic and reproductive tissues in the medium form of male Sthenoteuthisoualaniensiswere were analyzed by using the technology of energy density determination combined with residual analysis. The results showed that the energy density of mantle, fins, arms, spermatophoric complex, and testis were21.16±1.44, 21.98±1.51, 21.44±1.50, 20.83±1.70, and 21.41±1.70 kJ·g–1, respectively. The energy density for tissue of mantle or spermatophoric complex varied significantly depending on sexual maturity stages, while there were no significant differences between sexual maturity stages for the tissue of fins, arms, or testis. The total energy accumulation for each individual was estimated at 299.31±90.81 kJ, and showed an increasing trend with body size growth. With regards to relative energy accumulation, the somatic tissues, including mantle, fins and arms, accounted for 95.31%～98.04% of the total energy accumulation, but decreased with maturation. The relative energy accumulation in reproductive tissues, being testis and spermatophoric complex, accounted for 1.96%～4.96% of the total energy accumulation, and increased with maturation, in which the maximum value was reached at stage V. The analysis of residuals of relationship between tissue absolute energy accumulation and mantle length, using Model II regression, showed a significantly positive correlation between somatic and gonadal tissues. This evidence suggests that there was no energy remobilization of somatic tissues to fuel reproduction during sexual maturation, and the mode of reproductive investment is more likely to be income breeding in the medium form of male S.oualaniensis. In this study, we preliminary established the progress of energy accumulation and its allocation in soma and reproductive organs for medium form of male S.oualaniensisin the South China Sea. These findings should assist future research on its reproductive strategy, as well as sustainable utilizationof this kind of resource in the area.
The energy accumulation and allocation of somatic and reproductive tissues in the medium form of male Sthenoteuthisoualaniensiswere were analyzed by using the technology of energy density determination combined with residual analysis. The results showed that the energy density of mantle, fins, arms, spermatophoric complex, and testis were21.16±1.44, 21.98±1.51, 21.44±1.50, 20.83±1.70, and 21.41±1.70 kJ·g–1, respectively. The energy density for tissue of mantle or spermatophoric complex varied significantly depending on sexual maturity stages, while there were no significant differences between sexual maturity stages for the tissue of fins, arms, or testis. The total energy accumulation for each individual was estimated at 299.31±90.81 kJ, and showed an increasing trend with body size growth. With regards to relative energy accumulation, the somatic tissues, including mantle, fins and arms, accounted for 95.31%～98.04% of the total energy accumulation, but decreased with maturation. The relative energy accumulation in reproductive tissues, being testis and spermatophoric complex, accounted for 1.96%～4.96% of the total energy accumulation, and increased with maturation, in which the maximum value was reached at stage V. The analysis of residuals of relationship between tissue absolute energy accumulation and mantle length, using Model II regression, showed a significantly positive correlation between somatic and gonadal tissues. This evidence suggests that there was no energy remobilization of somatic tissues to fuel reproduction during sexual maturation, and the mode of reproductive investment is more likely to be income breeding in the medium form of male S.oualaniensis. In this study, we preliminary established the progress of energy accumulation and its allocation in soma and reproductive organs for medium form of male S.oualaniensisin the South China Sea. These findings should assist future research on its reproductive strategy, as well as sustainable utilizationof this kind of resource in the area.
引文
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戴宏杰,陈道海,2014.头足类营养研究进展[J].动物营养学报,26(3):597-604.DAI HONGJIE,CHEN DAOHAI,2014.Research progresses on nutrition of cephalopods[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,26(3):597-604(in Chinese with English abstract).
范江涛,冯雪,邱永松,等,2013.南海鸢乌贼生物学研究进展[J].广东农业科学,40(23):122-128.FAN JIANGTAO,FENG XUE,QIU YONGSONG,et al,2013.Review on the biology of purpleback flying squid in South China Sea[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,40(23):122-128(in Chinese with English abstract).
龚玉艳,詹凤娉,杨玉滔,等,2016.南海鸢乌贼摄食习性的初步研究[J].南方水产科学,12(4):80-87.GONG YUYAN,ZHAN FENGPING,YANG YUTAO,et al,2016.Feeding habits of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis in the South China Sea[J].South China Fisheries Science,12(4):80-87(in Chinese with English abstract).
江艳娥,陈作志,林昭进,等,2019.南海海域鸢乌贼中型群与微型群渔业生物学比较[J].水产学报,43(2):454-466.JIANG YAN'E,CHEN ZUOZHI,LIN ZHAOJIN,et al,2019.Comparison of fishery biology between medium-form and dwarf-form of Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis in South China Sea[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,43(2):454-466(in Chinese with English abstract).
林东明,2015.阿根廷滑柔鱼的产卵策略研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学:1-100.LIN DONGMING,2015.Spawning strategy of Argentine shortfin squid,Illexargentinus(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae)in the southwest Atlantic[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University:1-100(in Chinese).
林东明,陈新军,魏嫣然,等,2017.阿根廷滑柔鱼雌性个体肌肉和性腺组织能量积累及其生殖投入[J].水产学报,41(1):70-80.LIN DONGMING,CHEN XINJUN,WEI YANRAN,et al,2017.Energy accumulation of both somatic and reproductive tissues and its allocation to reproduction in Argentinean short-fin squid(Illex argentinus)[J].Journal of fisheries of China,41(1):70-80(in Chinese with English abstract).
刘必林,2006.利用耳石微结构研究印度洋西北海域鸢乌贼的年龄和生长[D].上海:上海水产大学.LIU BILIN,2006.Studying age and growth of purple back flying squid(Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis)in northwest Indian Ocean based on statolith microstructure[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University(in Chinese with English abstract).
颜云榕,冯波,卢伙胜,等,2012.南沙群岛北部海域鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)夏季渔业生物学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,43(6):1177-1186.YAN YUNRONG,FENG BO,LUHUOSHENG,et al,2012.Fishery biology of purpleback flying squid sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in northern sea areas around Nansha islands in summer[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,43(6):1177-1186(in Chinese with English abstract).
张俊,陈国宝,张鹏,等,2014.基于渔业声学和灯光罩网的南海中南部鸢乌贼资源评估[J].中国水产科学,21(4):822-831.ZHANG JUN,CHEN GUOBAO,ZHANG PENG,et al,2014.Estimation of purpleback flying squid(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)resource in the central and southern South China Sea based on fisheries acoustics and light-falling net[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,21(4):822-831(in Chinese with English abstract).
张鹏,晏磊,杨炳忠,等,2015.春季南沙海域鸢乌贼种群结构特征的研究[J].南方水产科学,11(5):11-19.ZHANGPENG,YAN LEI,YANG BINGZHONG,et al,2015.Population structure of purpleback flying squid(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)in Nansha area in spring[J].South China Fisheries Science,11(5):11-19(in Chinese with English abstract).
张宇美,颜云榕,卢伙胜,等,2013.西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼摄食与繁殖生物学初步研究[J].广东海洋大学学报,33(3):56-64.ZHANG YUMEI,YAN YUNRONG,LUHUOSHENG,et al,2013.Study on feeding and reproduction biology of Purple flying squid,Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the Western South China Sea[J].Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,33(3):56-64(in Chinese with English abstract).
张宇美,2014.基于碳氮稳定同位素的南海鸢乌贼摄食生态与营养级研究[D].湛江:广东海洋大学:1-53.ZHANGYUMEI,2014.Feeding habits and trophic level of purpleback flying squid,Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis in the South China Sea[D].Zhanjiang:Guangdong Ocean University:1-53(in Chinese with English abstract).
ARGüELLES J,TAFUR R,2010.New insights on the biology of the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas in the Northern Humboldt Current System:Size at maturity,somatic and reproductive investment[J].Fisheries Research,106(2):185-192.
BARAKAT A,ROUMIEH R,ABDEL MEGUID N E,et al,2011.Feed regimen affects growth,condition index,proximate analysis and myocyte ultrastructure of juvenile spinefoot rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,17(3):e773-e780.
COLLINS M A,BURNELL G M,RODHOUSE P G,1995.Reproductive strategies of male and female Loligo forbesi(Cephalopoda:Loliginidae)[J].Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,75(3):621-634.
JACKSON G D,SEMMENS J M,PHILLIPS K L,et al,2004.Reproduction in the deepwater squid Moroteuthis ingens,what does it cost?[J].Marine Biology,145(5):905-916.
JEREB P,ROPER C F E,2010.Cephalopods of the world:An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date.Volume 2.Myopsid and Oegopsid Squids[M].Rome:FAO:605.
LAPTIKHOVSKY V,SALMAN A,?NSOY B,et al,2014.Reproduction in rare bathyal octopods Pteroctopus tetracirrhus and Scaeurgus unicirrhus(Cephalopoda:Octopoda)in the east Mediterranean as an apparent response to extremely oligotrophic deep seas[J].Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers,92:85-92.
LEGENDRE P,2013.Model II regression user’s guide,Redition[J].R Vignette,4:1-14.
LEE P G,1995.Nutrition of cephalopods:Fueling the system[J].Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology,25(1-3):35-51.
LIN DONGMING,CHEN XINJUN,WEI YANRAN,et al,2017.The energy accumulation of somatic tissue and reproductive organs in post-recruit female Illex argentinus and the relationship with sea surface oceanography[J].Fisheries Research,185:102-114.
LOVE R M,1980.The chemical biology of fishes.Vol.2[M].New York:Academic Press:1-30.
MCGRATH B,JACKSON G,2002.Egg production in the arrow squid Nototodarus gouldi(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae),fast and furious or slow and steady?[J].Marine Biology,141(4):699-706.
MOLTSCHANIWSKYJ N A,SEMMENS J M,2000.Limited use of stored energy reserves for reproduction by the tropical loliginid squid Photololigo sp.[J].Journal of Zoology,251(3):307-313.
NAVARRO J C,MONROIGó,SYKES A V,2014.Nutrition as a key factor for cephalopod aquaculture[M]//IGLESIAS J,FUENTES L,VILLANUEVA R.Cephalopod culture.Dordrecht:Springer:77-95.
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