人工鱼礁结构设计原理与研究进展
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摘要
人工鱼礁的结构设计目前尚无明确的原理和依据。本文从流场效应、生物效应、遮蔽效应的角度阐述人工鱼礁结构设计的基本原理,举例说明了相关的依据和方法,总结分析了适合不同海域类型的人工鱼礁区建设模式及其未来发展,以期为人工鱼礁的结构设计和海洋牧场规划提供参考。
At present, there is no clear principle and basis for the structural design of artificial reefs. This paper expounds the basic principle of artificial reef structure design from the point of view of flow field effect, biological effect and shelter effect, illustrates the relevant basis and methods with examples, and summarizes and analyses the construction mode and future development of artificial reef area suitable for different types of sea area, in order to provide reference for the structural design of artificial reefs and the planning of marine ranching.
At present, there is no clear principle and basis for the structural design of artificial reefs. This paper expounds the basic principle of artificial reef structure design from the point of view of flow field effect, biological effect and shelter effect, illustrates the relevant basis and methods with examples, and summarizes and analyses the construction mode and future development of artificial reef area suitable for different types of sea area, in order to provide reference for the structural design of artificial reefs and the planning of marine ranching.
引文
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[2]Seaman W Jr. Artificial reef evaluation:with application to natural marine habitats[M]. Boca Raton, Fla:CRC Press, 2000.
[3]杨宝瑞,陈勇.韩国海洋牧场建设与研究[M].北京:海洋出版社, 2014.Yang B Y, Chen Y. Oceanic pasture in Korea[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press, 2014(in Chinese).
[4]杨宝清,王树田,王熙杰,等.山东省人工鱼礁建设情况调查报告[J].齐鲁渔业, 2007, 24(5):19-22.Yang B Q, Wang S T, Wang X J, et al. Investigation report on the construction of artificial reef in Shandong province[J]. Shandong Fisheries, 2007, 24(5):19-22(in Chinese).
[5]李珺,章守宇.米字型人工鱼礁流场数值模拟与水槽实验的比较[J].水产学报, 2010, 34(10):1587-1594.Li J, Zhang S Y. The comparison between numerical simulation and water channel experiment on an Mi-zi artificial reef[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2010,34(10):1587-1594(in Chinese).
[6]刘畅,肖云松,韩旭东,等. HUT型人工鱼礁的设计[J].科技视界, 2018(7):262-264.Liu C, Xiao Y S, Han X D, et al. Design of HUT artificial reef[J]. Science&Technology Vision, 2018(7):262-264(in Chinese).
[7]佟飞,唐振朝,贾晓平,等.基于侧扫声纳方法的框架式人工鱼礁测量[J].南方水产科学, 2018, 14(1):99-104.Tong F, Tang Z Z, Jia X P, et al. Frame-type artificial reef measurement by side-scan sonar[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2018, 14(1):99-104(in Chinese).
[8]杨吝,刘同渝,黄汝堪.中国人工鱼礁的理论与实践[M].广州:广东科技出版社, 2005.Yang L, Liu T Y, Huang R K. Theory and practice of artificial reef in China[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science&Technology Press, 2005(in Chinese).
[9]刘永虎,刘敏,田涛,等.侧扫声纳系统在石料人工鱼礁堆体积估算中的应用[J].水产学报, 2017, 41(7):1158-1167.Liu Y H, Liu M, Tian T, et al. The application of Side Scan Sonar system in volume estimation of stone artificial reef[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2017,41(7):1158-1167(in Chinese).
[10]杨超杰,吴忠鑫,刘鸿雁,等.基于Ecopath模型估算莱州湾朱旺人工鱼礁区日本蟳、脉红螺捕捞策略和刺参增殖生态容量[J].中国海洋大学学报, 2016, 46(11):168-177.Yang C J, Wu Z X, Liu H Y, et al. The fishing strategy of Charybdis japonica and Rapana venosa and the carrying capacity of Apostichopus japonucus in Zhuwang, Laizhou artificial reef ecosystem based on Ecopath model[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2016, 46(11):168-177(in Chinese).
[11]郑延璇,梁振林,关长涛,等.等边三角型人工鱼礁礁体结构设计及其稳定性[J].渔业科学进展, 2014,35(3):117-125.Zheng Y X, Liang Z L, Guan C T, et al. Structure design and stability of the equilateral triangle artificial reef[J].Progress in Fishery Sciences, 2014, 35(3):117-125(in Chinese).
[12]山东省人民政府.山东省现代化海洋牧场建设综合试点方案:鲁政字[2019] 12号[EB/OL].(2019-02-07).http://www.dzwww.com/2019/xczx/rd/201902/t20190207_18372562.htm.Shandong Provincial People's Government.Comprehensive pilot plan of modern marine ranch construction in Shandong province[EB/OL].(2019-02-07). http://www.dzwww.com/2019/xczx/rd/201902/t20190207_18372562.htm(in Chinese).
[13]姜昭阳,梁振林.一种上升流式人工鱼礁:中国,201510001246.5[P]. 2015-04-22.Jiang Z Y, Liang Z L. An upwelling artificial reef:CN,201510001246.5[P]. 2015-04-22(in Chinese).
[14]Jiang Z Y, Liang Z L, Tang Y L. Numerical analysis of the effect of an inner structure of a cubic frame reef on flow field[J]. Marine Technology Society Journal, 2019,53(2):83-92.
[15]Jiang Z Y, Liang Z L, Zhu L X, et al. Numerical simulation of effect of guide plate on flow field of artificial reef[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2016, 116:236-241.
[16]姜昭阳,梁振林,刘扬.一种乱流式人工鱼礁:中国,201510261882.1[P]. 2015-08-19.Jiang Z Y, Liang Z L, Liu Y. A turbulent artificial reef:CN, 201510261882.1[P]. 2015-08-19(in Chinese).
[17]唐振朝,陈丕茂,贾晓平.大亚湾不同波浪、水深与坡度条件下车叶型人工鱼礁的安全重量[J].水产学报,2011, 35(11):1650-1657.Tang Z Z, Chen P M, Jia X P. Study on safe weight of artificial reef in different water depths and bottom slopes under Daya Bay wave[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China,2011, 35(11):1650-1657(in Chinese).
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