重庆市渝北区湖库浮游植物群落结构特征及水质评价
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摘要
基于2017年丰水期(7月)和枯水期(12月)对重庆市渝北区4座湖库浮游植物以及水质的监测结果,分析浮游植物物种组成、密度、多样性指数及营养状况。结果表明,共鉴定出浮游植物111种(含变种),其中绿藻最多,有72种,硅藻15种,裸藻9种,蓝藻8种,隐藻3种,甲藻2种,金藻和黄藻各1种。4座湖库浮游植物年均密度为5.75×10~6～24.13×10~(6 )cells/L,叶绿素年均浓度为8.55～36.80μg/L,除四五水库外,其余3座湖库丰水期浮游植物密度高于枯水期。优势种以蓝藻门的伪鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena sp.)、颤藻(Oscillatoria sp.)、微囊藻(Microcystis sp.)为主。综合营养状态指数(TLI)评价显示4座湖库均处于富营养状态,而Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、Pielous均匀度指数(J)以及Margalef丰富度指数(D)评价显示均处于贫营养-中营养状态。
An investigation was conducted on the phytoplankton community structure in 4 reservoirs of Chongqing Yubei during the flood season(July) and dry season(December) in 2017, in order to analyze phytoplankton composition, density, diversity indexes and water quality. A total of 111 species of phytoplankton in 8 phyla were collected and the species were dominated by Chlorophyta(72), followed by Bacillariophyta(15), Euglenophyta(9), Cyanophyta(8), Cryptophyta(3), Pyrrophyta(2), Chrysophyta(1) and Xanthophyta(1). Phytoplankton annual average density ranged from 5.75×10~6 to 24.13×10~6 cells/L. Annual average concentration of chlorophyll varied between 8.55 μg/L and 36.80 μg/L. Phytoplankton density in flood season was more than that in dry season in reservoirs except for Siwu reservoir. The dominant species were Pseudanabaena sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis sp. The results of trophic state index(TLI) showed that the nutrient state was eutrophic condition in 4 reservoirs, while phytoplankton diversity indexes results indicated oligotrophic to mesotrophic condition.
An investigation was conducted on the phytoplankton community structure in 4 reservoirs of Chongqing Yubei during the flood season(July) and dry season(December) in 2017, in order to analyze phytoplankton composition, density, diversity indexes and water quality. A total of 111 species of phytoplankton in 8 phyla were collected and the species were dominated by Chlorophyta(72), followed by Bacillariophyta(15), Euglenophyta(9), Cyanophyta(8), Cryptophyta(3), Pyrrophyta(2), Chrysophyta(1) and Xanthophyta(1). Phytoplankton annual average density ranged from 5.75×10~6 to 24.13×10~6 cells/L. Annual average concentration of chlorophyll varied between 8.55 μg/L and 36.80 μg/L. Phytoplankton density in flood season was more than that in dry season in reservoirs except for Siwu reservoir. The dominant species were Pseudanabaena sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Microcystis sp. The results of trophic state index(TLI) showed that the nutrient state was eutrophic condition in 4 reservoirs, while phytoplankton diversity indexes results indicated oligotrophic to mesotrophic condition.
引文
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[23] 孙军,刘东艳.多样性指数在海洋浮游植物研究中的应用[J].海洋学报,2004,26(1):62- 75.
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[25] 王朝晖,陈菊芳.肇庆星湖浮游植物状况及其富营养化评价[J].武汉植物学研究,2000,18(5):405- 411.
[26] 杜桂森,王建厅.密云水库的浮游植物群落结构与密度[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(4):501- 504.
[2] 张婷,宋立荣.铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aelltgittosu)与三种丝状蓝藻间的相互作用[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(2):150- 156.
[3] 李敦海,李根宝,王高鸿,等.水华蓝藻生物质对沉水植物五刺金鱼藻生长的影响[J].水生生物学报,2007,31(5):689- 692.
[4] 张婷,李林,宋立荣.熊河水库浮游植物群落结构的周年变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):2971- 2979.
[5] 孟睿,何连生,过龙根,等.长江中下游草型湖泊浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的关系[J].环境科学,2013,34(7):2588- 2596.
[6] 郭劲松,谢丹,李哲,等.三峡水库开县消落区水域冬季蓄水期间藻类群落结构与水质评价[J].环境科学,2012,33(4):1129- 1135.
[7] 李哲,郭劲松,方芳,等.三峡小江回水区蓝藻季节变化及其与主要环境因素的相互关系[J].环境科学,2010,31(2):301- 309.
[8] 韩欢欢,范亚文.黑龙江省安兴湿地秋季浮游植物群落结构[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(4):577- 585.
[9] 刘雪花,赵秀侠,高攀,等.安徽菜子湖浮游植物群落结构的周年变化(2010年)[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(5):771- 779.
[10] 马徐发,熊邦喜,王银东.道观河水库浮游植物的群落结构和现存量[J].淡水渔业,2004,34(4):11- 14.
[11] 刘正文,吴庆龙,陈源高,等.徐家河水库枝角类优势种群与近太湖新银鱼关系的初步研究[J].湖泊科学,2002,33(2) :160- 166.
[12] 闫苏苏,刘朔孺,雷波.长寿湖浮游植物多样性及水质评价[J].环境影响评价,2017,39(3):61- 65.
[13] 林秋奇,段舜山,胡韧,等.广东省大中型水库水质现状及浮游生物的响应[J].生态学报,2003,23(6):1101- 1108.
[14] 王朝晖,韩博平,胡韧,等.广东省典型水库浮游植物群落特征与富营养化研究[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(4):402- 405.
[15] 国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[16] 胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类:系统分类及生态[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[17] 杨敏,张晟,刘朔孺.草街水库蓄水后嘉陵江浮游植物群落特征及水质评价[J].环境科学,2015(07):2480- 2486.
[18] Habib O A,Tippet T R.Seasonal changes in phytoplankton community structure in relation to physic-chemical factors in Loch Lomond[J].Hydrobiologia,1997,350 :63- 79.
[19] 谭香,夏小玲,程晓莉,等.丹江口水库浮游植物群落时空动态及其多样性指数[J].环境科学,2011,32(10):2875- 2882.
[20] 金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[21] 刘健康.高等水生生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[22] 雷波,刘朔孺,张方辉,等.三峡水库上游长寿湖浮游藻类的季节变化特征及关键环境影响因[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(2):369- 377.
[23] 孙军,刘东艳.多样性指数在海洋浮游植物研究中的应用[J].海洋学报,2004,26(1):62- 75.
[24] DANILOV R,EKELUNDN G A.The efficiency of seven diversity and one similarity indices ased on phytoplankton data for assessing the level of eutrophication in lakes in central Sweden[J].The Science of Total Environment,1999,234:15- 23.
[25] 王朝晖,陈菊芳.肇庆星湖浮游植物状况及其富营养化评价[J].武汉植物学研究,2000,18(5):405- 411.
[26] 杜桂森,王建厅.密云水库的浮游植物群落结构与密度[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(4):501- 504.
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