基于无人机影像的自然-人工复合生态系统景观格局定量分析
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摘要
利用无人机技术,以自然保护区实验区自然-人工复合生态系统为例,获取高分辨率遥感影像,并通过人工目视解译提取不同景观类型单元,分析研究复合生态系统景观格局及镶嵌结构特征。结果表明,乔木林、茶园、住宅区、灌木林是研究区主要景观单元,其次是疏林地、道路、工矿用地等人工表面以及耕地和沟渠等半自然景观。不同景观单元镶嵌结构和稳定性差异较大,其中乔木林稳定性最好,疏林地、库塘、果园、耕地、裸土地、工矿用地和其他人工表面等景观单元稳定性较好,灌木林、荒草地、茶园和住宅区等景观单元稳定性一般,沟渠、绿地和裸岩石砾等景观单元稳定性较差。
In this study,high-resolution images were obtained based on UAV technology,and landscape types were extracted through artificial visual interpretation.Then,landscape patterns and the mosaic structure of the natural-artificial ecosystem were analyzed.The results showed that timber forests,tea plantations,residential areas and shrub forests were the dominant landscape units,followed by sparse woods,roads,industrial land,farmland and ditches.The mosaic structure and stability of different landscape units varied significantly.According to stability index,timber forests were the most stable landscape units in the study area,followed by sparse woods,reservoirs and ponds,fruit orchards,farmland,bare land,industrial land and other artificial landscapes.The stability of shrub forest,grassland,tea plantation,residential areas and roads were at a moderate level,whereas ditches,green land and bare rocks were relatively unstable.The results may provide scientific basis for the protection and management of nature reserves.
In this study,high-resolution images were obtained based on UAV technology,and landscape types were extracted through artificial visual interpretation.Then,landscape patterns and the mosaic structure of the natural-artificial ecosystem were analyzed.The results showed that timber forests,tea plantations,residential areas and shrub forests were the dominant landscape units,followed by sparse woods,roads,industrial land,farmland and ditches.The mosaic structure and stability of different landscape units varied significantly.According to stability index,timber forests were the most stable landscape units in the study area,followed by sparse woods,reservoirs and ponds,fruit orchards,farmland,bare land,industrial land and other artificial landscapes.The stability of shrub forest,grassland,tea plantation,residential areas and roads were at a moderate level,whereas ditches,green land and bare rocks were relatively unstable.The results may provide scientific basis for the protection and management of nature reserves.
引文
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[20] 田超,杨新兵,刘阳.边缘效应及其对森林生态系统影响的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(8):2184-2192.
[2] Chen Youhua,Zhang J,Jiang Jianping,et al.Assessing the effectiveness of China′s protected areas to conserve current and future amphibian diversity[J].Diversity & Distributions,2017,23(2):146-157.
[3] Zhu Ping,Huang Lin,Xiao Tong,et al.Dynamic changes of habitats in China′s typical nature reserves on spatial and temporal scales[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2018,28(06):778-790.
[4] 陈利顶,刘雪华,傅伯杰.卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生境破碎化研究[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):291-297.
[5] 郝云庆,江洪,王金锡,等.九寨沟保护区植被景观变化与生境破碎化研究[J].地理科学,2009,29(6):886-892.
[6] LIU Jianguo,Ouyang Zhiyun,Taylor W W,et al.A framework for evaluating the effects of human factors on wildlife habitat:the case of Giant Pandas[J].Conservation Biology,1999,13(6):1360-1370.
[7] 朱明,濮励杰,李建龙.遥感影像空间分辨率及粒度变化对城市景观格局分析的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(6):2753-2763.
[8] 王仰麟.景观生态分类的理论方法[J].应用生态学报,1996,7(S1):121-126.
[9] 肖笃宁,钟林生.景观分类与评价的生态原则[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(2):217-221.
[10] Lioubimtseva E,Defourny P.GIS-based landscape classification and mapping of European Russia[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,1999,40:63-75.
[11] Bastlan O.Landscape classification in Saxony[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2000,50:145-155.
[12] 邬建国.景观生态学——格局过程尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[13] 井云清,张飞,陈丽华,等.艾比湖湿地土地利用/覆被-景观格和气候变化的生态环境效应研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(9):3590-3601.
[14] 赵艳辉,赵华,徐嘉兴,等.基于分形维数的煤矿区景观格局特征——以徐州市沛北矿区为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):336-340.
[15] 徐建华,艾南山,金炯,等.西北干旱区景观要素镶嵌结构的分形研究[J].干旱区研究,2001,18(1):35-39.
[16] 谢花林,李秀彬.基于分形理论的土地利用空间行为特征——以江西东江源流域为例[J].资源科学,2008,30(12):1866-1872.
[17] 王斌,刘华,张硕新,等.秦岭火地塘林区景观格局破碎度分析[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(10):111-113.
[18] 赵同谦,欧阳志云,郑华,等.中国森林生态系统服务功能及其价值评价[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(4):480-491.
[19] 赵芳,卢涛.道路扩展对青藏高原东缘土地利用及景观格局的影响[J].生态科学,2017,36(4):146-151.
[20] 田超,杨新兵,刘阳.边缘效应及其对森林生态系统影响的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(8):2184-2192.
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