海南岛翼手目物种多样性现状与分布预测
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摘要
海南岛位于我国南部,地处热带北缘,其独特的岛屿气候环境孕育了丰富的生物资源,为我国生物多样性热点地区之一。为探究岛内的翼手目物种多样性状况,本研究组使用雾网、蝙蝠竖琴网等工具,于2002年至2016年先后对海南岛进行了15次翼手目多样性调查,并根据其外形与头骨特征及系统发育学方法进行标本鉴定。共获取了1,025号标本,隶属5科15属31种,其中2016年12月21日在海南琼中捕获的艾氏管鼻蝠(Murina eleryi)为海南岛蝙蝠分布新记录。结合前人调查及发表结果统计,岛内共有翼手类8科20属41种。同时基于本调查采集位点和前人调查位置信息(共计363个位点),结合WorldClim 32种气候数据,运用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)对海南岛翼手目物种的分布进行预测,结果显示五指山、吊罗山、鹦哥岭、尖峰岭及海口火山口国家地质公园等地为翼手目物种多样性较丰富的区域,而三亚、澄迈、屯昌、临高、琼海等地翼手目物种多样性较低。本研究结果为海南岛翼手目资源分布及多样性状况提供了基础资料,也为岛内后续开展翼手目资源保护管理、蝙蝠疾病防控等提供了重要的参考依据。
Hainan Island is a key biodiversity hotspot in China with a unique ecosystem and climate. In order to explore the species diversity of Chiroptera on the island, 15 bat surveys were carried out in the area between 2002 and 2016. During these surveys, mist nets, harp traps and other tools were deployed. Captured specimens were identified according to their external form, skull features and phylogenetic description. In total, 1,025 specimens from 5 families, 15 genera and 31 species were recorded and collected. On December 21, 2016, two small Murina bats were captured in a harp-trap in a forest at Chaocan Village, Qiongzhong City, Hainan Province. Based on external, cranio-dental characteristics and phylogenetic evidence, the bats were identified as Murina eleryi. This is the first record of the species on Hainan Island. Based from our survey result and literature review, Chiroptera of Hainan Island consists of a total of 8 families 20 genera and41 species. The potential distribution area of bats on Hainan Island was mapped using a maximum entropy(MaxEnt) model incorporating 363 local records, derived from our records and the literature. High diversity was predicted for Wuzhi Mountain, Diaoluo Mountain, Yinggeling, Jianfengling and Huoshankou National Geopark whereas the low diversity was predicted for Sanya, Chengmai, Tunchang, Lingao, Qionghai areas.Overall, baseline data for Chiroptera distribution, and resource status was assessed by the current study,which is useful for disease prevention, control, resource conservation and management on Hainan Island.
Hainan Island is a key biodiversity hotspot in China with a unique ecosystem and climate. In order to explore the species diversity of Chiroptera on the island, 15 bat surveys were carried out in the area between 2002 and 2016. During these surveys, mist nets, harp traps and other tools were deployed. Captured specimens were identified according to their external form, skull features and phylogenetic description. In total, 1,025 specimens from 5 families, 15 genera and 31 species were recorded and collected. On December 21, 2016, two small Murina bats were captured in a harp-trap in a forest at Chaocan Village, Qiongzhong City, Hainan Province. Based on external, cranio-dental characteristics and phylogenetic evidence, the bats were identified as Murina eleryi. This is the first record of the species on Hainan Island. Based from our survey result and literature review, Chiroptera of Hainan Island consists of a total of 8 families 20 genera and41 species. The potential distribution area of bats on Hainan Island was mapped using a maximum entropy(MaxEnt) model incorporating 363 local records, derived from our records and the literature. High diversity was predicted for Wuzhi Mountain, Diaoluo Mountain, Yinggeling, Jianfengling and Huoshankou National Geopark whereas the low diversity was predicted for Sanya, Chengmai, Tunchang, Lingao, Qionghai areas.Overall, baseline data for Chiroptera distribution, and resource status was assessed by the current study,which is useful for disease prevention, control, resource conservation and management on Hainan Island.
引文
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