宁夏六盘山连片特困区生态环境与经济发展耦合协调研究
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摘要
以宁夏六盘山贫困地区为例,建立了耦合协调度评价指标体系,综合运用熵权法、耦合协调度模型以及地理探测器等方法对研究区2006—2016年生态环境与经济发展耦合协调度做出了时空变化分析。结果表明:(1)研究期间,宁夏六盘山生态环境与经济发展耦合度和耦合协调度呈现同步稳定增长的变化态势,生态环境与经济发展耦合度和协调度指数呈现出先减后增的变化趋势,说明生态系统与经济系统之间相互作用程度不断增强,内部协调程度进一步提升。(2)从空间分异来看,耦合协调低值区主要分布在经济发展落后且生态环境质量较差的西北和南部地区,高值区主要分布在经济发展水平、城市化水平较高的行政中心区域,耦合协调度由西北向东南呈现出低—高—低的空间分布格局;耦合协调度高、低值区的分布主要受经济发展水平、城市化水平、资源禀赋等条件的限制。(3)基于地理探测器探测影响耦合协调度空间分异因素的结果可知:人均GDP、GDP增长率、农村人均纯收入、森林覆盖率、建成区绿化覆盖率、人均公园绿地面积、环保投资额占GDP比重、人均牧草地面积和人均水资源量等因子的q值均大于0.9,是影响六盘山区生态环境与经济发展耦合协调度空间分异的主导因素,也是区域经济发展和生态建设过程中应关注的重要因素。
Taking the poverty-stricken areas in Liupanshan Mountain of Ningxia as an example, the evaluation index system of coupling coordination degree was established, and the spatial and temporal changes of the coupling degree of ecological environment and economic development in the study area from 2006 to 2016 were comprehensively applied by entropy weight method, coupling coordination degree model and geographic detector. The analysis and research results show that:(1) during the research period, the degree of coupling and coordination of the ecological environment and economic development of Liupanshan Mountain in Ningxia showed a synchronous and steady growth trend, indicating that the degree of interaction between ecosystems and economic systems was increasing, and the degree of internal coordination was further enhanced;(2) from a perspective of spatial differentiation, the coupling and coordination low-value areas mainly distributed in the northwest and southern regions with poor economic development and poor ecological environment; the high-value areas mainly distributed in the administrative center areas with high economic development level and high urbanization level; the coupling coordination degree showed a low-high-low spatial distribution pattern from northwest to southeast; the distribution of high coordination and low value areas was mainly limited by economic development level, urbanization level and resource endowment;(3) based on the diagnosis of geo-detector, the spatial differentiation factors of coupling coordination degree could be seen that q values of per capita GDP, GDP growth rate, rural per capita net income, forest coverage, green coverage of built-up areas, per capita park green area, environmental protection investment as a percentage of GDP, per capita, pasture area and per capita water resources were greater than 0.9, which were the dominant factors affecting the coupling degree of ecological environment and economic development in Liupanshan Mountain, and also the important factors in the process of regional economic development and ecological construction.
Taking the poverty-stricken areas in Liupanshan Mountain of Ningxia as an example, the evaluation index system of coupling coordination degree was established, and the spatial and temporal changes of the coupling degree of ecological environment and economic development in the study area from 2006 to 2016 were comprehensively applied by entropy weight method, coupling coordination degree model and geographic detector. The analysis and research results show that:(1) during the research period, the degree of coupling and coordination of the ecological environment and economic development of Liupanshan Mountain in Ningxia showed a synchronous and steady growth trend, indicating that the degree of interaction between ecosystems and economic systems was increasing, and the degree of internal coordination was further enhanced;(2) from a perspective of spatial differentiation, the coupling and coordination low-value areas mainly distributed in the northwest and southern regions with poor economic development and poor ecological environment; the high-value areas mainly distributed in the administrative center areas with high economic development level and high urbanization level; the coupling coordination degree showed a low-high-low spatial distribution pattern from northwest to southeast; the distribution of high coordination and low value areas was mainly limited by economic development level, urbanization level and resource endowment;(3) based on the diagnosis of geo-detector, the spatial differentiation factors of coupling coordination degree could be seen that q values of per capita GDP, GDP growth rate, rural per capita net income, forest coverage, green coverage of built-up areas, per capita park green area, environmental protection investment as a percentage of GDP, per capita, pasture area and per capita water resources were greater than 0.9, which were the dominant factors affecting the coupling degree of ecological environment and economic development in Liupanshan Mountain, and also the important factors in the process of regional economic development and ecological construction.
引文
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[22]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于RS与GIS的沙坡头区生态系统服务价值研究[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):250-256.
[23]张玉萍,瓦哈甫·哈力克,党建华,等.吐鲁番旅游-经济-生态环境耦合协调发展分析[J].人文地理,2014,29(4):140-145.
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[26]王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.
[27]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于景观结构的生态移民安置区生态风险评价:以宁夏红寺堡区为例[J].生态学报,2018,38(8):2672-2682.
[28]刘彦随,李进涛.中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.
[2]丁建军.中国11个集中连片特困区贫困程度比较研究:基于综合发展指数计算的视角[J].地理科学,2014,34(12):1418-1427.
[3]刘小鹏,苏胜亮,王亚娟,等.集中连片特殊困难地区村域空间贫困测度指标体系研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(4):447-453.
[4]王艳慧,李静怡.连片特困区生态环境质量与经济发展水平耦合协调性评价[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1519-1530.
[5]徐孝勇,封莎.中国14个集中连片特困地区自我发展能力测算及时空演变分析[J].经济地理,2017,37(11):151-160.
[6]曹诗颂,王艳慧,段福洲,等.中国贫困地区生态环境脆弱性与经济贫困的耦合关系:基于连片特困区714个贫困县的实证分析[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(8):2614-2622.
[7]王鹏,刘小鹏,姚晓艳,等.基于能值分析的宁夏生态经济系统可持续发展评价[J].生态经济,2018,34(1):70-73.
[8]方创琳,鲍超.黑河流域水-生态-经济发展耦合模型及应用[J].地理学报,2004(5):781-790.
[9]党小虎,刘国彬,赵晓光.黄土丘陵区县南沟流域生态恢复的生态经济耦合过程及可持续性分析[J].生态学报,2008,28(12):6321-6333.
[10]成思敏,王继军,郭满才,等.基于结构方程模型的陕北退耕区农业产业-资源系统耦合机制分析:以吴起县为例[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(7):1165-1178.
[11]张荣天,焦华富.泛长江三角洲地区经济发展与生态环境耦合协调关系分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(5):719-727.
[12]陈端吕,彭保发,熊建新.环洞庭湖区生态经济系统的耦合特征研究[J].地理科学,2013,33(11):1338-1346.
[13]童佩珊,施生旭.厦漳泉城市群生态环境与经济发展耦合协调评价:基于PSR-GCQ模型[J].林业经济,2018,40(4):90-95.
[14]王介勇,吴建寨.黄河三角洲区域生态经济系统动态耦合过程及趋势[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4861-4868.
[15]孔伟,任亮,王淑佳,等.河北省生态环境与经济协调发展的时空演变[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(9):2941-2949.
[16]杨主泉,张志明.基于耦合模型的旅游经济与生态环境协调发展研究:以桂林市为例[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(3):262-268.
[17]赵莹,刘小鹏,郭永杰.六盘山集中连片特困地区生态安全评价[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):157-162.
[18]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于PSR模型的青铜峡市土地生态安全评价与预测[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):148-153.
[19]李帅,魏虹,倪细炉,等.基于层次分析法和熵权法的宁夏城市人居环境质量评价[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(9):2700-2708.
[20]周成,冯学钢,唐睿.区域经济-生态环境-旅游产业耦合协调发展分析与预测:以长江经济带沿线各省市为例[J].经济地理,2016,36(3):186-193.
[21]周成,金川,赵彪,等.区域经济-生态-旅游耦合协调发展省际空间差异研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(7):203-208.
[22]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于RS与GIS的沙坡头区生态系统服务价值研究[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):250-256.
[23]张玉萍,瓦哈甫·哈力克,党建华,等.吐鲁番旅游-经济-生态环境耦合协调发展分析[J].人文地理,2014,29(4):140-145.
[24]崔木花.中原城市群9市城镇化与生态环境耦合协调关系[J].经济地理,2015,35(7):72-78.
[25]易平,方世明.地质公园社会经济与生态环境效益耦合协调度研究:以嵩山世界地质公园为例[J].资源科学,2014,36(1):206-216.
[26]王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.
[27]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于景观结构的生态移民安置区生态风险评价:以宁夏红寺堡区为例[J].生态学报,2018,38(8):2672-2682.
[28]刘彦随,李进涛.中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.
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