NaCl处理对不同珊瑚菜种源光合生理和药用有效成分的影响
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摘要
为筛选适宜在沿海滩涂高盐土壤种植的珊瑚菜(Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schmidt ex Miq.)种源,以长海、赤峰、安国(CK)、威海、青岛、莱阳、日照、平潭、深圳9个珊瑚菜种源根插苗为试验材料,采用盐水浇灌法研究NaCl(5 000 mg/L)处理对不同来源珊瑚菜叶片光合生理特性、根系生长和根部有效成分的影响,以去离子水浇灌为对照组。结果表明:随着NaCl胁迫时间的延长,赤峰、安国、莱阳3个种源叶片净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和气孔导度(G_s)均呈现逐步下降的趋势,胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)呈逐步上升的趋势;长海、威海、青岛、日照、平潭、深圳6个种源叶片P_n、T_r和G_s均出现先升高后降低的趋势,C_i呈现"升高-降低-升高"趋势;NaCl胁迫处理后21 d,赤峰、莱阳2个种源叶片的光合指标与对照种源(安国)差异不显著,长海、威海、青岛、日照、平潭、深圳6个种源叶片的P_n、T_r、G_s和C_i均显著高于对照种源。NaCl处理后21 d,9个种源叶片叶绿素的相对含量(SPAD)和最大光化学效率F_v/F_m均达到最低值,9个种源叶片的SPAD及7个种源(除威海和日照外)的F_v/F_m均显著高于对照组。NaCl胁迫处理后21 d,日照种源叶片P_n、T_r、G_s、C_i、F_v/F_m和SPAD受NaCl胁迫的影响最小。经NaCl胁迫处理后,长海、威海、青岛、日照、平潭、深圳6个种源的须根系和主根的干物质质量与对照组差异不显著,而安国、赤峰、莱阳3个种源的须根系和主根的干物质质量显著低于对照组。经NaCl胁迫处理后,威海、日照、平潭、安国和青岛种源根部的补骨脂素含量均显著高于对照组,赤峰、莱阳、深圳和长海种源根部的补骨脂素含量均显著低于对照组,威海、日照和青岛种源根部的欧前胡素含量显著高于对照组,日照、平潭、青岛和深圳种源根部的异欧前胡素含量显著高于对照组,威海、安国、赤峰、莱阳和长海种源根部的异欧前胡素含量显著低于对照组。综合分析结果显示,日照种源受盐胁迫的影响最小,在沿海滩涂地区具有一定的推广潜力。
In order to confirm suitable provenance of Glehnia littoralis for planting in intertidal zone, taking cuttings of Glehnia littoralis from Changhai, Chifeng, Anguo(CK), Weihai, Qingdao, Laiyang, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen as experimental materials, effects of 5 000 mg/L NaCl treatment on photosynthetic physiological characteristics of leaf, root growth and accumulation of active component of root of Glehnia littoralis from different provenances were studied by salt watering method, and deionized water irrigation was used as control. The results showed that with prolonging of treatment time, net photosynthetic(P_n), stomatal conductance(G_s) and transpiration rate(T_r) of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Anguo, Chifeng and Laiyang decreased, but intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i) increased. P_n, T_r and G_s of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Changhai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen appeared the changing trend of "increasing-decreasing", and C_i appeared the changing trend of "increasing-decreasing-increasing". The photosynthetic parameters of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Chifeng and Laiyang had no significant difference with those of control(Anguo), and P_n, T_r, C_i and G_s of leaves from Changhai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen after treating 21 d by NaCl were significantly higher than those from Anguo. When treating for 21 d, chlorophyll relative content(SPAD) and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(F_v/F_m) reach the valley value, and the SPAD of nine provenances and the F_v/F_m of seven provenances except Weihai and Rizhao were significantly higher than those of control. When treating for 21 d, P_n, T_r, G_s, C_i, F_v/F_m and SPAD of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Rizhao were minimized by NaCl stress, and dry weight of fibrous root system of Glehnia littoralis from six provenances(Changhai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen) had no significant difference with control groups, while dry weight of taproot of Glehnia littoralis from Anguo, Chifeng and Laiyang was significantly lower than that of control. The psoralen contents in the Glehnia littoralis root from Weihai, Rizhao, Pingtan, Anguo and Qingdao after treating 21 d by NaCl were significantly higher than those of the control, while psoralen contents in Glehnia littoralis root from Chifeng, Laiyang, Shenzhen and Changhai were significantly lower than those of the control. The imperatorin contents of Glehnia littoralis root from Weihai, Rizhao and Qingdao and isoimperatorin content of Glehnia littoralis root from Rizhao, Pingtan, Shenzhen and Qingdao were significantly higher than those of the control. The isoimperatorin contents of Glehnia littoralis root from Weihai, Anguo, Chifeng, Laiyang and Changhai were significantly lower than those of the control. In addition, Glehnia littoralis from Rizhao had a certain salt tolerance and was suitable for planting in intertidal zone.
In order to confirm suitable provenance of Glehnia littoralis for planting in intertidal zone, taking cuttings of Glehnia littoralis from Changhai, Chifeng, Anguo(CK), Weihai, Qingdao, Laiyang, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen as experimental materials, effects of 5 000 mg/L NaCl treatment on photosynthetic physiological characteristics of leaf, root growth and accumulation of active component of root of Glehnia littoralis from different provenances were studied by salt watering method, and deionized water irrigation was used as control. The results showed that with prolonging of treatment time, net photosynthetic(P_n), stomatal conductance(G_s) and transpiration rate(T_r) of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Anguo, Chifeng and Laiyang decreased, but intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i) increased. P_n, T_r and G_s of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Changhai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen appeared the changing trend of "increasing-decreasing", and C_i appeared the changing trend of "increasing-decreasing-increasing". The photosynthetic parameters of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Chifeng and Laiyang had no significant difference with those of control(Anguo), and P_n, T_r, C_i and G_s of leaves from Changhai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen after treating 21 d by NaCl were significantly higher than those from Anguo. When treating for 21 d, chlorophyll relative content(SPAD) and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(F_v/F_m) reach the valley value, and the SPAD of nine provenances and the F_v/F_m of seven provenances except Weihai and Rizhao were significantly higher than those of control. When treating for 21 d, P_n, T_r, G_s, C_i, F_v/F_m and SPAD of Glehnia littoralis leaves from Rizhao were minimized by NaCl stress, and dry weight of fibrous root system of Glehnia littoralis from six provenances(Changhai, Weihai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Pingtan and Shenzhen) had no significant difference with control groups, while dry weight of taproot of Glehnia littoralis from Anguo, Chifeng and Laiyang was significantly lower than that of control. The psoralen contents in the Glehnia littoralis root from Weihai, Rizhao, Pingtan, Anguo and Qingdao after treating 21 d by NaCl were significantly higher than those of the control, while psoralen contents in Glehnia littoralis root from Chifeng, Laiyang, Shenzhen and Changhai were significantly lower than those of the control. The imperatorin contents of Glehnia littoralis root from Weihai, Rizhao and Qingdao and isoimperatorin content of Glehnia littoralis root from Rizhao, Pingtan, Shenzhen and Qingdao were significantly higher than those of the control. The isoimperatorin contents of Glehnia littoralis root from Weihai, Anguo, Chifeng, Laiyang and Changhai were significantly lower than those of the control. In addition, Glehnia littoralis from Rizhao had a certain salt tolerance and was suitable for planting in intertidal zone.
引文
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[17] 唐晓芬,王彬,王玉杰,等.不同酸度模拟酸雨对重庆缙云山2种阔叶树光合特性的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2015,24(4):45-51.
[18] 于沛玉,叶添雄,张永利,等.盐胁迫对珠美海棠幼苗光合特性的影响[J].天津农学院学报,2014,21(3):7-11.
[19] 李迎春,郭子武,陈双林,等.不同淹水条件下河竹叶片光合生理特性的变化[J].植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(4):42-52.
[20] 刘全吉,孙学成,胡承孝,等.砷对小麦生长和光合作用特性的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):854-859.
[21] 安飞飞,简纯平,杨龙,等.木薯幼苗叶绿素含量及光合特性对盐胁迫的响应[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):500-504.
[22] BRUGNOLI E,BJORKMAN O.Growth of cotton under continuous salinity stress:influence on allocation patern,stomatal and non-stomatal components of photosynthesis and dissipation of excess light energy[J].Planta,1992,187:335-345.
[23] JACOB J,LAWLOR D W.Stomatal and mesophyll limitations of photosynthesis in photosynthesis in phosphate deficient sunflower,maize and wheat plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1991,241:1001-1011.
[24] VON WETTATEIN D,GOUGH S,KANANGARA C G.Chlorophyll biosynthesis[J].The Plant Cell,1995,7(7):1039-1057.
[25] 辛华,雨龙.北沙参的生物学与化学成分的研究进展[J].中草药,2008,39(8):1275-1277.
[2] 陈剑成,罗睿,瞿印权,等.干旱胁迫对凹叶厚朴光合生理特性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(13):114-119.
[3] 裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,等.土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(5):1386-1396.
[4] 李晨,李秀杰,韩真,等.非生物胁迫对葡萄光合作用的影响研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(12):144-148.
[5] 安飞飞,简纯平,杨龙,等.木薯幼苗叶绿素含量及光合特性对盐胁迫的响应[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):500-504.
[6] 杨菲,李蓓蓓,何辰宇.高温干旱对茶树生长和品质影响机理的研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(3):10-13,40.
[7] 王瑞,梁坤伦,周志宇,等.不同淹水梯度对紫穗槐的营养生长和生理响应[J].草业学报,2012,21(1):149-155.
[8] 唐仕云,杨丽涛,李杨瑞.低温胁迫下不同甘蔗品种(系)光合特性的变化及其与耐寒性的关系[J].广西植物,2012(5):679-685.
[9] 吴正花,喻理飞,严令斌,等.三叶木通叶片解剖结构和光合特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(6):1156-1163.
[10] 陈香波,李淑娟,李毅,等.观赏山楂耐热性及其叶片光合与叶绿素荧光特性研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(11):2294-2300.
[11] 刘龙元,贺鸿志,黎华寿.水分胁迫对苦参生长生理及有效成分的影响[J].广东农业科学,2015(23):76-81.
[12] 贺安娜,左浪柱,李胜华,等.干旱对虎耳草光合特性及有效成分含量的影响[J].怀化学院学报,2016,35(5):6-9.
[13] 中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:2015年版(一部)[M].北京:化学工业出版社:100.
[14] 彭英,刘晓静,汤兴利,等.盐胁迫对北沙参生长及生理特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2014,30(6):1273-1278.
[15] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第55卷,第三册)[M].北京:科学出版社,1992:77-78.
[16] 王振夏,巍虹,李昌晓,等.土壤水分交替变化对湿地松幼苗光合特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(5):980-987.
[17] 唐晓芬,王彬,王玉杰,等.不同酸度模拟酸雨对重庆缙云山2种阔叶树光合特性的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2015,24(4):45-51.
[18] 于沛玉,叶添雄,张永利,等.盐胁迫对珠美海棠幼苗光合特性的影响[J].天津农学院学报,2014,21(3):7-11.
[19] 李迎春,郭子武,陈双林,等.不同淹水条件下河竹叶片光合生理特性的变化[J].植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(4):42-52.
[20] 刘全吉,孙学成,胡承孝,等.砷对小麦生长和光合作用特性的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):854-859.
[21] 安飞飞,简纯平,杨龙,等.木薯幼苗叶绿素含量及光合特性对盐胁迫的响应[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):500-504.
[22] BRUGNOLI E,BJORKMAN O.Growth of cotton under continuous salinity stress:influence on allocation patern,stomatal and non-stomatal components of photosynthesis and dissipation of excess light energy[J].Planta,1992,187:335-345.
[23] JACOB J,LAWLOR D W.Stomatal and mesophyll limitations of photosynthesis in photosynthesis in phosphate deficient sunflower,maize and wheat plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1991,241:1001-1011.
[24] VON WETTATEIN D,GOUGH S,KANANGARA C G.Chlorophyll biosynthesis[J].The Plant Cell,1995,7(7):1039-1057.
[25] 辛华,雨龙.北沙参的生物学与化学成分的研究进展[J].中草药,2008,39(8):1275-1277.
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