沼液对越冬期王草生产性能和品质的影响
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摘要
为分析沼液对王草(Pennisetum sinese)生产性能和品质的影响,通过采用单因素设计,对雷州半岛越冬期王草进行处理,即施羊粪沼液(A_1)、施尿素(A_2)和不施肥(CK)。结果表明:1)两次刈割A_1组处理下王草鲜干比分别为3.17和3.84,均显著低于其他处理组(P <0.05),A_2组与CK组的差异不显著(P> 0.05);同期处理下王草A_1组的株高和增长率均显著高于A_2组和CK (P <0.05),A_2与CK差异不显著(P> 0.05);同期处理下各处理间王草的茎叶比差异不显著(P> 0.05);2)同期处理下A1组王草的粗蛋白和粗脂肪显著高于A_2组和CK(P <0.05);A_1组和A_2组的粗纤维、粗灰分和无氮浸出物较CK显著降低(P <0.05),且A_1组与A_2组差异显著(P <0.05)。综上认为:羊粪沼液处理可有效改善越冬期王草的生产性能和品质。
A single factor design was used to treat king grass(Pennisetum sinese) with different fertilizers, sheep manure biogas slurry(A_1), urea(A_2), and no fertilizer(CK), to study the effect of biogas slurry on the production performance and quality of king grass in Leizhou peninsula in winter. The results showed that the fresh/dry ratio of grass in the A_1 and A_2 groups was significantly improved. The fresh/dry ratio of group A_1 was 3.17/3.84, which was significantly lower than that of the other treatments(P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the A_2 and CK groups(P > 0.05). The plant height and growth rate of group A_1 were higher than those of the A_2 and CK groups(P < 0.05). The stem/leaf ratio was not significantly different in the A_1, A_2, and CK groups(P > 0.05). The crude protein(CP) and ether extract(EE) of group A_1 were significantly higher than those of the A_2 and CK groups(P < 0.05). The content of crude ash(Ash), crude fibre(CF), and nitrogen free extract(NFE) showed a significantly decreasing trend in the A_1 and A_2 groups compared to that in the control group(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the application of sheep manure biogas slurry can effectively increase the production performance and improve nutrition quality of overwinter king grass.
A single factor design was used to treat king grass(Pennisetum sinese) with different fertilizers, sheep manure biogas slurry(A_1), urea(A_2), and no fertilizer(CK), to study the effect of biogas slurry on the production performance and quality of king grass in Leizhou peninsula in winter. The results showed that the fresh/dry ratio of grass in the A_1 and A_2 groups was significantly improved. The fresh/dry ratio of group A_1 was 3.17/3.84, which was significantly lower than that of the other treatments(P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the A_2 and CK groups(P > 0.05). The plant height and growth rate of group A_1 were higher than those of the A_2 and CK groups(P < 0.05). The stem/leaf ratio was not significantly different in the A_1, A_2, and CK groups(P > 0.05). The crude protein(CP) and ether extract(EE) of group A_1 were significantly higher than those of the A_2 and CK groups(P < 0.05). The content of crude ash(Ash), crude fibre(CF), and nitrogen free extract(NFE) showed a significantly decreasing trend in the A_1 and A_2 groups compared to that in the control group(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the application of sheep manure biogas slurry can effectively increase the production performance and improve nutrition quality of overwinter king grass.
引文
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[22]陈勇,罗富成,毛华明,甄莉.施肥水平和不同株高刈割对王草产量和品质的影响.草业科学,2009,26(2):72-75.CHEN Y,LUO F C,MAO H M,ZHEN L.Effect of fertilization level and cutting of different plant height on yield and quality of king grass.Pratacultural Science,2009,26(2):72-75.
[23]彭露茜.黄土高原两种利用方式对栽培草地产草量和牧草品质的影响.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2017.PENG L Q.Effect of two utilization ways on the forage yield and quality of sown pastures in the loess plateau.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2017.
[24]WANG L,GUO S,WANG Y,YI D,WANG J.Poultry biogas slurry can partially substitute for mineral fertilizers in hydroponic lettuce production.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2019,26:659-671.
[25]杨鑫,王文娥,胡笑涛,李兴杰,苏苑君.沼液对水培生菜光合特性、产量及品质的影响.灌溉排水学报,2017,36(7):55-59,85.YANG X,WANG W E,HU X T,LI X J,SU W J.Effect of biogas slurry on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of hydroponic lettuce.Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2017,36(7):55-59,85.
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[29]冯蕾,陈竞,代金平,杨新平,古丽·艾合买提.两种胶浓度PCR-DGGE方法对不同处理羊粪低温沼气发酵优势细菌结构多样性的分析.中国沼气,2014,32(6):9-15.FENG L,CHEN J,DAI J P,YANG X P,GU L.Analysis on diversity of bacterial community in low temperature sheep manure biogas fermentation system using two gel concentration PCR-DGGE method.China Biogas,2014,32(6):9-15.
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[2]张宇.王草营养特性与优化施肥研究.海口:海南大学硕士学位论文,2011.ZHANG Y.Studies on nutritional characteristics and optimal fertilization of king grass.Master Thesis.Haikou:Hainan University,2011.
[3]YAN H C,LI H,XIANG L L,YU W D,MENG J L,BO X,MING K W,GUO W.Influences of king grass(Pennisetum sinese Roxb)-enhanced approaches for phytoextraction and microbial communities in multi-metal contaminated soil.Geoderma,2017,307:253-266.
[4]解钰.王草产量、品质和土壤性状对生物炭浓度梯度的响应.海口:海南大学硕士学位论文,2012.XIE Y.The response of king grass yield,quality and soil character to biochar concentration gradient.Master Thesis.Haikou:Hainan University,2012.
[5]林敬兰,蒋芳市,林金石,陈文祥.南方红壤丘陵强度侵蚀区不同治理措施的土壤质量评价.亚热带水土保持,2015,27(04):11-15,68.LIN J L,JIANG F S,LIN J S,CHEN W X.Evaluation of Soil quality different control measures in hilly erosion area of red soil in south China.Subtropical Soil and Water Conservation,2015,27(04):11-15,68.
[6]张茜.沼肥的利用现状及前景分析.广东化工,2018,45(18):161-162,149.ZHANG Q.Present situation of biogas waste fertilizer and its utilization.Guangdong Chemical Industry,2018,45(18):161-162,149.
[7]李林海.畜禽粪便中的主要养分和重金属含量分析.南方农业,2018,12(23):126-128.LI L H.Analysis of main nutrients and heavy metals in livestock and poultry excrement.South China Agriculture,2018,12(23):126-128.
[8]闵星星,马玉寿,李世雄,王彦龙.羊粪对青海草地早熟禾草地生产力和土壤养分的影响.草业科学,2014,31(6):1039-1044.MIN X X,MA Y S,LI S X,WANG Y L.Effect of sheep manure on productivity and soil nutrients of Kentucky bluegrass in Qinghai Province.Prataclutrual Science,2014,31(6):1039-1044.
[9]巩明明.沼液对旱作区土壤养分和玉米产量品质影响试验研究.中国沼气,2017,35(5):62-64.GONG M M.Effect of biogas slurry on soil nutrients and yield and quality of maize in dry working area.China Biogas,2017,35(5):62-64.
[10]吴娱.鸡粪沼液培育蛋白核小球藻累积生物量及螺旋藻固碳研究.北京:中国农业大学博士学位论文,2015.WU Y.Study on the accumulation biomass and carbon sequestration of spirulina cultivated by biogas slurry from chicken manure.PhD Thesis.Beijing:China Agriculture University,2015.
[11]陈钟佃,冯德庆,黄秀声,唐龙飞,郑仲登.沼液及羊粪对牧草生产力和营养成分的影响.中国沼气,2005(4):27-29.CHEN Z D,FENG D Q,HUANG X S,TANG L F,ZHENG Z D.Effect of biogas slurry and sheep manure on forage productivity and nutrient composition.China Biogas,2005(4):27-29.
[12]刘喜龙,温彩霞,刘建伟,刘宾.施用沼液对苜蓿品质及土壤相关理化性质的影响.吉林农业,2012(10):54-55,57.LIU X L,WEN C X,LIU J W,LIU B.Effect of biogas slurry on alfalfa quality and soil physicochemical properties.Jilin Agriculture,2012(10):54-55,57.
[13]曹启民,张永北,王博,覃姜薇,王贵珍.刈割和施肥对热研4号王草生物量影响初报.广东农业科学,2018,45(10):50-54.CAO Q M,ZHANG Y B,WANG B,QIN J W,WANG G Z.Preliminary report on the effect of cutting and fertilization on the Biomass of Reyan No.4.Guangdong Agricultural Scince,2018,45(10):50-54.
[14]何玮,王琳,张健.沼液不同施用量对皇竹草产量及土壤肥力的影响.草业与畜牧,2012(2):5-15.HE W,WANG L,ZHANG J.Effects of different application rates of biogas liquor on yield and soil fertility of bamboo grass.Grass and Animal Husbandry,2012(2):5-15.
[15]李威.施肥对王草产量和品质的影响.海口:海南大学硕士学位论文,2012.LI W.Effect of fertilization on yield and quality of king grass.Master Thesis.Haikou:Hainan University,2012.
[16]张宇,杨帆,余爱,张永发,唐树梅,漆智平.三要素平衡施肥对热研4号王草产量的影响初报.热带农业科学,2011,31(2):29-34.ZHANG Y,YANG F,YU A,ZHANG Y F,TANG S M,QI Z P.Preliminary report on the effect of balanced fertilization on the yield of royal grass No.4.Tropical Agricultural Sciences,2011,31(2):29-34.
[17]SUMRANW,PORNCHAI,CHU T P.Effect of cutting heights on productivity and quality of king grass(Pennisetum purpureum cv.King Grass)under Irrigation.Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,2009,8(8):1244-1250.
[18]万海文,贾亮亮,赵京奇,冯永忠,杨改河,任广鑫.追施沼液对小麦光合特性及土壤酶活性和养分含量的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(1):35-44.WANG H W,JIA L L,ZHAO J Q,FENG Y Z,YANG G H,REN G X.Effect of topdressing biogas slurry on photosynthesis characteristics of wheat and soil enzyme activities and nutrients.Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2017,45(1):35-44.
[19]董作珍,吴良欢,柴婕,陈远利,朱跃忠.不同氮磷钾处理对中浙优1号水稻产量、品质、养分吸收利用及经济效益的影响.中国水稻科学,2015,29(4):399-407.DONG Z Z,WU L H,CHAI J,CHEN Y L,ZHU Y Z.Effect of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium treatments on yield,quality,nutrient uptake and utilization and economic benefit of Zheyou 1 rice.China Rice Science,2015,29(4):399-407.
[20]李然,余雪标,高刘,杨青青,崔喜博,李思远,王牌.灌溉畜禽粪便沼液肥对辣椒光合作用及产量的影响.热带生物学报,2017,8(1):37-41.LI R,YU X B,GAO L,YANG Q Q,CUI X B,LI S Y,WANG P.Effect of irrigation of livestock and poultry manure biogas slurry fertilizer on photosynthesis and yield of chilli pepper.Journal of Tropical Biology,2017,8(1):37-41.
[21]李忠华,殷世鹏,孙雁明,杨益琼,张无敌,尹芳,赵兴玲,柳静,王昌梅,杨红,刘士清.施用沼液对土壤氮磷钾的影响.现代农业科技,2017(12):199-201,206.LI Z H,YIN S P,SUN Y M,YANG Y Q,ZHANG W D,YI F,ZHAO X L,LIU J,WANG C M,YANG H,LIU S Q.Effect of biogas slurry on soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2017(12):199-201,206.
[22]陈勇,罗富成,毛华明,甄莉.施肥水平和不同株高刈割对王草产量和品质的影响.草业科学,2009,26(2):72-75.CHEN Y,LUO F C,MAO H M,ZHEN L.Effect of fertilization level and cutting of different plant height on yield and quality of king grass.Pratacultural Science,2009,26(2):72-75.
[23]彭露茜.黄土高原两种利用方式对栽培草地产草量和牧草品质的影响.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2017.PENG L Q.Effect of two utilization ways on the forage yield and quality of sown pastures in the loess plateau.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2017.
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