不同改良材料对紫色土吸附Cu~(2+)的影响
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摘要
为了探究不同改良材料添加对紫色土吸附Cu~(2+)的影响,将活性炭(C)、麦饭石(M)、硅藻土(D)、膨润土(B)和活性硅酸钙(S)5种改良材料分别以1%和2%(质量比)添加到紫色土(P)中,形成P-C_(1%)和P-C_(2%)(紫色土+1%和2%活性炭,下同)、P-M_(1%)和P-M_(2%)、P-D_(1%)和P-D_(2%)、P-B_(1%)和P-B_(2%)、P-S_(1%)和P-S_(2%)10种混合土样(P为对照)。批处理法研究不同混合土样对Cu~(2+)的等温吸附和热力学特征,并对比不同温度、pH和离子强度下的吸附差异。结果表明:(1)各供试混合土样对Cu~(2+)的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,且最大吸附量q_m在65.02～131.34 mmol/kg之间。相同添加比例下,Cu~(2+)的吸附量均呈现出P-B>P-D>P-C>P-S>P-M的趋势,且2%添加时效果更佳。(2)温度从20℃增加至40℃时,除P-C以外,其余混合土样对Cu~(2+)的吸附量均随温度的升高而增加。热力学参数表明各混合土样对Cu~(2+)的吸附是一个自发、吸热和熵增的过程。(3)pH在3～5范围内,各供试混合土样对Cu~(2+)的吸附量均随pH的升高而增大(P-S除外)。随着离子强度的增加,各混合土样对Cu~(2+)的吸附量均表现出先增大后减少的趋势,以0.10 mol/L时最大。
In order to explore effects of different amendment materials on adsorption of Cu~(2+) on purple soil, amendment materials, activated carbon(C), maifanite(M), diatomite(D), bentonite(B) and active calcium silicate(S), were added respectively into purple soils with a mass ratio of 1% or 2% to prepare ten mixed soil samples, named as P-C_(1% )and P-C_(2%)(purple soil mixed with 1% and 2% activated carbon, similarly hereinafter), P-M_(1%) and P-M_(2%), P-D_(1%) and P-D_(2%), P-B_(1%) and P-B_(2%), P-S_(1%) and P-S_(2%)(P as a contrast), and the batch method was used to study isothermal adsorptions and thermodynamic characteristics of Cu~(2+) on different mixed soil samples under different temperatures, pH values and ionic strengths. The results showed that:(1) The adsorption isotherms of Cu~(2+) on all mixed soil samples could be fit well with the Langmuir model, and the fitted maximum adsorption capacities were between 65.02 and 131.34 mmol/kg. The adsorption capacities of soil samples with the same amendment adding ratio to Cu~(2+) showed a trend of P-B>P-D>P-C>P-S>P-M, and this trend was more prominent in the scenario of 2% amendment adding.(2) When the experimental temperature increased from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples, except P-C samples, increased. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of Cu~(2+) by mixed soil samples is a spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increased process.(3) The adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples, except P-S, increased as pH increasing within the pH range of 3-5. Adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples increased as the ionic strength increasing until 0.1 mol/L, and then decreased.
In order to explore effects of different amendment materials on adsorption of Cu~(2+) on purple soil, amendment materials, activated carbon(C), maifanite(M), diatomite(D), bentonite(B) and active calcium silicate(S), were added respectively into purple soils with a mass ratio of 1% or 2% to prepare ten mixed soil samples, named as P-C_(1% )and P-C_(2%)(purple soil mixed with 1% and 2% activated carbon, similarly hereinafter), P-M_(1%) and P-M_(2%), P-D_(1%) and P-D_(2%), P-B_(1%) and P-B_(2%), P-S_(1%) and P-S_(2%)(P as a contrast), and the batch method was used to study isothermal adsorptions and thermodynamic characteristics of Cu~(2+) on different mixed soil samples under different temperatures, pH values and ionic strengths. The results showed that:(1) The adsorption isotherms of Cu~(2+) on all mixed soil samples could be fit well with the Langmuir model, and the fitted maximum adsorption capacities were between 65.02 and 131.34 mmol/kg. The adsorption capacities of soil samples with the same amendment adding ratio to Cu~(2+) showed a trend of P-B>P-D>P-C>P-S>P-M, and this trend was more prominent in the scenario of 2% amendment adding.(2) When the experimental temperature increased from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples, except P-C samples, increased. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of Cu~(2+) by mixed soil samples is a spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increased process.(3) The adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples, except P-S, increased as pH increasing within the pH range of 3-5. Adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples increased as the ionic strength increasing until 0.1 mol/L, and then decreased.
引文
[1] 黄益宗, 郝晓伟, 雷鸣, 等. 重金属污染土壤修复技术及其修复实践[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2013, 3(3): 409-417.
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[3] Zhang X K, Wang H L, He L Z, et al. Using biochar for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and organic pollutants[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2013, 20(12): 8472-8483.
[4] 段宁, 张银凤, 明谦. 硅藻土复合吸附剂对水中氨氮的吸附性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2014, 33(2): 308-314.
[5] Huang Z H, Li Y Z, Chen W J, et al. Modified bentonite adsorption of organic pollutants of dye wastewater[J]. Materials Chemistry & Physics, 2017, 202: 266-276.
[6] 李媛媛, 刘文华, 陈福强, 等. 巯基化改性膨润土对重金属的吸附性能[J]. 环境工程学报, 2013, 7(8): 3013-3018.
[7] 韩君, 梁学峰, 徐应明, 等. 黏土矿物原位修复镉污染稻田及其对土壤氮磷和酶活性的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2014, 34(11): 2853-2860.
[8] 杨惟薇, 张超兰, 曹美珠, 等. 4种生物炭对镉污染潮土钝化修复效果研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2015, 29(1): 239-243.
[9] Wang Y, Peng B, Yang Z, et al. Bacterial community dynamics during bioremediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2015, 85: 50-55.
[10] 兰福龙. 改性活性炭对VOCs吸附能力的研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2017.
[11] 柏松. 农林废弃物在重金属废水吸附处理中的研究进展[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2014, 37(1): 94-98.
[12] 林海, 陈思, 董颖博, 等. 黑藻、狐尾藻对重金属铅、镉、铬、钒污染水体的修复[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2017, 27(1): 178-186.
[13] 史明明, 刘美艳, 曾佑林, 等. 硅藻土和膨润土对重金属离子Zn2+、Pb2+及Cd2+的吸附特性[J]. 环境化学, 2012, 31(2): 162-167.
[14] 杨林, 陈志明, 刘元鹏, 等. 石灰、活性炭对铬污染土壤的修复效果研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2012, 49(3): 518-525.
[15] 丁园, 张宝林, 余冰飞. 麦饭石对复合污染土壤Cu、Cd的修复[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2017, 39(5): 1037-1041.
[16] Cairns M J, Borrmann T, H?ll W H, et al. A study of the uptake of copper ions by nanostructured calcium silicate[J]. Microporous & Mesoporous Materials, 2006, 95(1-3): 126-134.
[17] 李文斌. 菌粉、BS黏土复合活性硅酸钙对Cu2+的吸附和阻滞效应[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(4): 711-717.
[18] 邓红艳, 李文斌, 郑莹, 等. 两性膨润土增强不同层次紫色土吸附Cu2+的研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2018, 46(4): 403-409.
[19] Mouton J, Mercier G, Blais J F. Amphoteric surfactants for PAH and lead polluted-soil treatment using flotation [J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 2009, 197(1-4): 381-393.
[20] 李文斌. 两性-阴(阳)离子复配修饰黏土的修饰机制及其对菲、Cr(VI)的吸附[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2016.
[21] 高效江, 戎秋涛. 麦饭石对重金属离子的吸附作用研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 1997, 19(4): 4-7.
[22] Mishra T, Parida K. A comparative study of texrural, acidic and catalyties of chromia pillared montmorillonite and acid activated montmorillonite[J]. Applied Catalsis A: General, 1998, 166: 123-133.
[23] 戎秋涛, 高效江. 麦饭石对水溶液中铜离子的吸附作用研究[J]. 能源环境保护, 1998, 12(1): 35-37.
[24] 杨敏, 柯俊锋, 何晓曼, 等. 氢氧化钠改性沸石对水中Cu2+的吸附特性研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2017, 39(3): 314-318.
[25] 包汉峰, 杨维薇, 张立秋, 等. 污泥基活性炭去除水中重金属离子效能与动力学研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(1): 69-74.
[26] El-Bayaa A A, Badawy N A, Alkhalik E A. Effect of ionic strength on the adsorption of copper and chromium ions by vermiculite pure clay mineral[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 170(2-3): 1204-1209.
[27] 王强, 宋娇艳, 曾微, 等. 紫色土对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的淋溶吸持特征及影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(2): 726-733.
[28] 曹晓强, 张燕, 邱俊, 等. 膨润土对溶液中镍离子的吸附特性及机理[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2014, 42(11): 1448-1454.
[29] Pookmanee P, Thippraphan P, Phanichphant S. Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by natural and modified diatomite[J]. Journal of the Microscopy Society of Thailand, 2011, 4(2): 103-107.
[30] Zhou W X, Guan D G, Sun Y, et al. Removal of nickel (II) ion from wastewater by modified maifanite[C]. Materials Science Forum, 2015, 814: 371-375.
[31] 李品君. 微孔硅酸钙的制备及其污水除磷性能研究[D]. 马鞍山: 安徽工业大学, 2012.
[2] Yao Z T, Li J H, Xie H H, et al. Review on remediation technologies of soil contaminated by heavy metals[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2012, 16(4): 722-729.
[3] Zhang X K, Wang H L, He L Z, et al. Using biochar for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and organic pollutants[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2013, 20(12): 8472-8483.
[4] 段宁, 张银凤, 明谦. 硅藻土复合吸附剂对水中氨氮的吸附性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2014, 33(2): 308-314.
[5] Huang Z H, Li Y Z, Chen W J, et al. Modified bentonite adsorption of organic pollutants of dye wastewater[J]. Materials Chemistry & Physics, 2017, 202: 266-276.
[6] 李媛媛, 刘文华, 陈福强, 等. 巯基化改性膨润土对重金属的吸附性能[J]. 环境工程学报, 2013, 7(8): 3013-3018.
[7] 韩君, 梁学峰, 徐应明, 等. 黏土矿物原位修复镉污染稻田及其对土壤氮磷和酶活性的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2014, 34(11): 2853-2860.
[8] 杨惟薇, 张超兰, 曹美珠, 等. 4种生物炭对镉污染潮土钝化修复效果研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2015, 29(1): 239-243.
[9] Wang Y, Peng B, Yang Z, et al. Bacterial community dynamics during bioremediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2015, 85: 50-55.
[10] 兰福龙. 改性活性炭对VOCs吸附能力的研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2017.
[11] 柏松. 农林废弃物在重金属废水吸附处理中的研究进展[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2014, 37(1): 94-98.
[12] 林海, 陈思, 董颖博, 等. 黑藻、狐尾藻对重金属铅、镉、铬、钒污染水体的修复[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2017, 27(1): 178-186.
[13] 史明明, 刘美艳, 曾佑林, 等. 硅藻土和膨润土对重金属离子Zn2+、Pb2+及Cd2+的吸附特性[J]. 环境化学, 2012, 31(2): 162-167.
[14] 杨林, 陈志明, 刘元鹏, 等. 石灰、活性炭对铬污染土壤的修复效果研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2012, 49(3): 518-525.
[15] 丁园, 张宝林, 余冰飞. 麦饭石对复合污染土壤Cu、Cd的修复[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2017, 39(5): 1037-1041.
[16] Cairns M J, Borrmann T, H?ll W H, et al. A study of the uptake of copper ions by nanostructured calcium silicate[J]. Microporous & Mesoporous Materials, 2006, 95(1-3): 126-134.
[17] 李文斌. 菌粉、BS黏土复合活性硅酸钙对Cu2+的吸附和阻滞效应[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(4): 711-717.
[18] 邓红艳, 李文斌, 郑莹, 等. 两性膨润土增强不同层次紫色土吸附Cu2+的研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2018, 46(4): 403-409.
[19] Mouton J, Mercier G, Blais J F. Amphoteric surfactants for PAH and lead polluted-soil treatment using flotation [J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 2009, 197(1-4): 381-393.
[20] 李文斌. 两性-阴(阳)离子复配修饰黏土的修饰机制及其对菲、Cr(VI)的吸附[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2016.
[21] 高效江, 戎秋涛. 麦饭石对重金属离子的吸附作用研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 1997, 19(4): 4-7.
[22] Mishra T, Parida K. A comparative study of texrural, acidic and catalyties of chromia pillared montmorillonite and acid activated montmorillonite[J]. Applied Catalsis A: General, 1998, 166: 123-133.
[23] 戎秋涛, 高效江. 麦饭石对水溶液中铜离子的吸附作用研究[J]. 能源环境保护, 1998, 12(1): 35-37.
[24] 杨敏, 柯俊锋, 何晓曼, 等. 氢氧化钠改性沸石对水中Cu2+的吸附特性研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2017, 39(3): 314-318.
[25] 包汉峰, 杨维薇, 张立秋, 等. 污泥基活性炭去除水中重金属离子效能与动力学研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(1): 69-74.
[26] El-Bayaa A A, Badawy N A, Alkhalik E A. Effect of ionic strength on the adsorption of copper and chromium ions by vermiculite pure clay mineral[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 170(2-3): 1204-1209.
[27] 王强, 宋娇艳, 曾微, 等. 紫色土对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的淋溶吸持特征及影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(2): 726-733.
[28] 曹晓强, 张燕, 邱俊, 等. 膨润土对溶液中镍离子的吸附特性及机理[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2014, 42(11): 1448-1454.
[29] Pookmanee P, Thippraphan P, Phanichphant S. Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by natural and modified diatomite[J]. Journal of the Microscopy Society of Thailand, 2011, 4(2): 103-107.
[30] Zhou W X, Guan D G, Sun Y, et al. Removal of nickel (II) ion from wastewater by modified maifanite[C]. Materials Science Forum, 2015, 814: 371-375.
[31] 李品君. 微孔硅酸钙的制备及其污水除磷性能研究[D]. 马鞍山: 安徽工业大学, 2012.
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