混种少花龙葵嫁接后代对镉胁迫枇杷幼苗光合生理的影响
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摘要
采用盆栽试验,将4种少花龙葵嫁接后代分别和枇杷(大五星枇杷和川早枇杷)幼苗混种于镉含量为10 mg/kg的污染土壤中,研究了混种对两种植物光合生理的影响。结果表明:混种后,枇杷幼苗相应的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度及可溶性糖含量均高于单种,叶表面蒸汽压亏缺降低;少花龙葵嫁接后代相应的SPAD值和净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度均高于单种,其可溶性糖含量较单种有所降低,混种大五星枇杷的少花龙葵嫁接后代的叶表面蒸汽压亏缺高于其单种,但混种少花龙葵嫁接后代的川早枇杷叶表面蒸汽压亏缺低于其单种。因此,少花龙葵嫁接后代混种枇杷可提高两种植物的光合作用,进而可促进两种植物的生长。
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping with post-grafting generation of Solanum photeinocarpum on photosynthetic physiology of loquat seedlings under cadmium(Cd) stress, in which 4 post-grafting generations of S. photeinocarpum were intercropped with two kinds of loquat seedlings(Dawuxing and Chuanzao) in Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that, compared with the monoculture, intercropping significantly improved chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO_2 concentration, stomatal conductance and soluble sugar content of loquat seedling, decreased the vapor pressure deficit on leaf surface. SPAD and net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO_2 concentration, stomatal conductance of the post-grafting generation of S. photeinocarpum intercropped were higher than those of monoculture, while the soluble sugar content was lower, the vapor pressure deficit on leaf surface of the post-grafting generation of S. photeinocarpum intercropped with Dawuxing seedling was higher than the that of monoculture, but the early Sichuan loquat was lower. Therefore, the post-grafting generations of S. photeinocarpum intercropping with loquat could enhance the photosynthesis of these two plant species, thus could promote the growth of them.
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping with post-grafting generation of Solanum photeinocarpum on photosynthetic physiology of loquat seedlings under cadmium(Cd) stress, in which 4 post-grafting generations of S. photeinocarpum were intercropped with two kinds of loquat seedlings(Dawuxing and Chuanzao) in Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that, compared with the monoculture, intercropping significantly improved chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO_2 concentration, stomatal conductance and soluble sugar content of loquat seedling, decreased the vapor pressure deficit on leaf surface. SPAD and net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO_2 concentration, stomatal conductance of the post-grafting generation of S. photeinocarpum intercropped were higher than those of monoculture, while the soluble sugar content was lower, the vapor pressure deficit on leaf surface of the post-grafting generation of S. photeinocarpum intercropped with Dawuxing seedling was higher than the that of monoculture, but the early Sichuan loquat was lower. Therefore, the post-grafting generations of S. photeinocarpum intercropping with loquat could enhance the photosynthesis of these two plant species, thus could promote the growth of them.
引文
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[8]刘红敏,宁万光,徐畅,等.不同品种水稻间作栽培对褐飞虱发生及水稻产量的影响[J]. 2015, 43(4):124–126
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[14]陈杰忠.果树栽培学各论(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2003
[15]余东,李永裕,邱栋梁,等.镉(Cd)胁迫对枇杷生长和光合速率的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2007, 26(增刊):33–38
[16] Zhang X F, Xia H P, Li Z A, et al. Identification of a new potential Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum photeinocarpum by soil seed bank-metal concentration gradient method[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 189(1/2):414–419
[17]李春俭,马玮,张福锁.根际对话及其对植物生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2008, 14(1):178–183
[18]石军,胡容平,褚旭东,等.枇杷实生幼苗对镉的积累特性研究[J].陕西农业科学, 2016, 62(6):1–5, 52
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[20]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理学实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2004
[21]黎健龙,涂攀峰,陈娜,等.茶树与大豆间作效应分析[J].中国农业科学, 2008, 41(7):2040–2047
[22]徐雪风,李朝周,张俊莲.轮作油葵对马铃薯生长发育及抗性生理指标的影响[J].土壤, 2017, 49(1):83–89
[23]侯慧,董坤,杨智仙,等.连作障碍发生机理研究进展[J].土壤, 2016, 48(6):1068–1076
[24]唐永金,刘俊利,郑占,等.玉米大豆间混种植对大豆产量和品质的影响[J].大豆科学, 2011, 30(6):954–958
[25]胡举伟,朱文旭,张会慧,等.桑树/首猜间作对其生长及土地和光资源利用能力的影响[J].草地学报, 2013,21(3):494–500
[26]杨代宇.混种两种生态型少花龙葵杂交F1代对树番茄幼苗镉积累的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学, 2016
[27] Tatár E, Mihucz V G, Varga A, et al. Determination of organic acids in xylem sap of cucumber:Effect of lead contamination[J]. Microchemical Journal, 1998, 58:306–314
[28] Shen Z G, Zhao F J, McGrath S P. Uptake and transport of zinc in the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescences and the non-hyperaccumulator Thlaspi ochroleucum[J]. Plant Cell and Environment, 1997, 20:898–906
[29]王兴伟,刘子芳,赵兵,等.铅锌胁迫下混种黑麦草和三叶草对假繁缕生理生态的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2017, 63(01):30–34.
[30]应小芳,刘鹏.铝胁迫对大豆叶片光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1):166–170
[31] Wong S C, Cowan I R, Farquhar G R. Stomatal conductance correlates with photosynthetic capacity[J].Nature, 1994, 282:424–426
[32] Mersie W, Singh M. Phenolic acids affect photosynthesis and protein synthesis by isolated leaf cells of velvet-leaf[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1993, 19:1293–1301
[33]王芳,刘鹏,朱靖文.镁对大豆游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的影响[J].河南农业科学, 2004(6):35–38
[34] Saratha K, Hume D J, Godfrey C. Genetic improvement in short season soy beans:I. Dry matter accumulation,partitioning, and leaf area duration[J].Crop Science, 2001,41:391–398
[35] Jin J, Liu X B, Wang G H. Some eco-physiological characteristic R4-R5 stage in relation to soybean yield differing in maturities[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2004,37:1293–1300
[36] Wilcox J R. Sixty years of improvement in publicly developed elite soybean lines[J]. Crop Science, 2001, 41:1711–1716
[37] Sun J Y, Wang Q M, Chen J, et al. Characteristics of triose phosphate/phosphate translocator from wheat and its role in the distribution of assimilates[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica,2004, 46(3):294–301
[2]陈奕云,唐名阳,王淑桃,等.基于文献计量的中国农田土壤重金属污染评价[J].土壤通报, 2016, 47(1):219–225
[3]李江遐,张军,黄伏森,等.铜矿区土壤重金属污染与耐性植物累积特征[J].土壤通报, 2016, 47(3):719–724
[4]陈吉美.镉对植物胁迫效应的研究进展[J].安徽农学通报, 2010, 16(3):46-47
[5]卢良恕.中国立体农业概论[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社, 1999:98–106
[6]焦念元,赵春,宁堂原,等.玉米-花生间作对作物产量和光合作用光响应的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2008, 19(5):981–985
[7]牛斌,冯莎莎,张俊平.小麦玉米玉米间套作的光合变化[J].安徽农业科学, 2009, 37(35):17429–17430
[8]刘红敏,宁万光,徐畅,等.不同品种水稻间作栽培对褐飞虱发生及水稻产量的影响[J]. 2015, 43(4):124–126
[9]周向军.重金属超富集植物环境修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2010, 38(3):1408–1410
[10]王海慧,郇恒福,罗瑛,等.土壤重金属污染及植物修复技术[J].中国农学通报, 2009, 25(11):210–214
[11]汤福义,林立金,杨代宇,等.少花龙葵种间嫁接后代对小白菜生长及镉积累的影响[J].土壤通报, 2016, 47(1):207–212
[12]杨代宇,林立金,张潇,等.镉胁迫下不同生态型富集植物混种樱桃幼苗对土壤酶活性的影响[J].水土保持通报, 2015, 35(4):73–78
[13]吴媛琳,赵听,张凯煜,等.枇杷不同部位主要有效成分含量及抗氧化活性比较[J].西北林学院学报, 2015,30(1):196–201
[14]陈杰忠.果树栽培学各论(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2003
[15]余东,李永裕,邱栋梁,等.镉(Cd)胁迫对枇杷生长和光合速率的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2007, 26(增刊):33–38
[16] Zhang X F, Xia H P, Li Z A, et al. Identification of a new potential Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum photeinocarpum by soil seed bank-metal concentration gradient method[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 189(1/2):414–419
[17]李春俭,马玮,张福锁.根际对话及其对植物生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2008, 14(1):178–183
[18]石军,胡容平,褚旭东,等.枇杷实生幼苗对镉的积累特性研究[J].陕西农业科学, 2016, 62(6):1–5, 52
[19]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2000
[20]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理学实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2004
[21]黎健龙,涂攀峰,陈娜,等.茶树与大豆间作效应分析[J].中国农业科学, 2008, 41(7):2040–2047
[22]徐雪风,李朝周,张俊莲.轮作油葵对马铃薯生长发育及抗性生理指标的影响[J].土壤, 2017, 49(1):83–89
[23]侯慧,董坤,杨智仙,等.连作障碍发生机理研究进展[J].土壤, 2016, 48(6):1068–1076
[24]唐永金,刘俊利,郑占,等.玉米大豆间混种植对大豆产量和品质的影响[J].大豆科学, 2011, 30(6):954–958
[25]胡举伟,朱文旭,张会慧,等.桑树/首猜间作对其生长及土地和光资源利用能力的影响[J].草地学报, 2013,21(3):494–500
[26]杨代宇.混种两种生态型少花龙葵杂交F1代对树番茄幼苗镉积累的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学, 2016
[27] Tatár E, Mihucz V G, Varga A, et al. Determination of organic acids in xylem sap of cucumber:Effect of lead contamination[J]. Microchemical Journal, 1998, 58:306–314
[28] Shen Z G, Zhao F J, McGrath S P. Uptake and transport of zinc in the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescences and the non-hyperaccumulator Thlaspi ochroleucum[J]. Plant Cell and Environment, 1997, 20:898–906
[29]王兴伟,刘子芳,赵兵,等.铅锌胁迫下混种黑麦草和三叶草对假繁缕生理生态的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2017, 63(01):30–34.
[30]应小芳,刘鹏.铝胁迫对大豆叶片光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1):166–170
[31] Wong S C, Cowan I R, Farquhar G R. Stomatal conductance correlates with photosynthetic capacity[J].Nature, 1994, 282:424–426
[32] Mersie W, Singh M. Phenolic acids affect photosynthesis and protein synthesis by isolated leaf cells of velvet-leaf[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1993, 19:1293–1301
[33]王芳,刘鹏,朱靖文.镁对大豆游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的影响[J].河南农业科学, 2004(6):35–38
[34] Saratha K, Hume D J, Godfrey C. Genetic improvement in short season soy beans:I. Dry matter accumulation,partitioning, and leaf area duration[J].Crop Science, 2001,41:391–398
[35] Jin J, Liu X B, Wang G H. Some eco-physiological characteristic R4-R5 stage in relation to soybean yield differing in maturities[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2004,37:1293–1300
[36] Wilcox J R. Sixty years of improvement in publicly developed elite soybean lines[J]. Crop Science, 2001, 41:1711–1716
[37] Sun J Y, Wang Q M, Chen J, et al. Characteristics of triose phosphate/phosphate translocator from wheat and its role in the distribution of assimilates[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica,2004, 46(3):294–301
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