土壤重金属镉、铅及其复合污染对羊蹄(Rumex ja-ponicus Houtt)生长及其抗性生理指标的影响
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摘要
为探究重金属Cd、Pb及其复合污染对植物的生长及生理的影响,选用乐安河湿地优势乡土植物羊蹄(Rumex japonicus Houtt),采用室内土培盆栽实验,分别设置不同的Cd、Pb单因素及其双因素复合污染水平,研究羊蹄的生物量、株高等生长指标及植物组织中丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖等抗性生理指标的变化特性。结果表明:随着Cd、Pb污染胁迫浓度的增加以及胁迫时间的延长,羊蹄的生物量及株高均受到显著(P<0.05)抑制,且Cd+Pb双因素复合污染胁迫的抑制作用大于单因素Pb或Cd的污染胁迫;羊蹄植物组织中的MDA含量及可溶性糖含量随Cd、Pb污染胁迫强度的增加及胁迫时间的延长显著增加(P<0.05);在盆栽土壤中单因素Cd或Pb的高浓度胁迫下,羊蹄的自我调控能力显著增强(P<0.05),MDA含量下降。不同污染水平的单因素Cd、Pb及Cd+Pb双因素复合污染胁迫对羊蹄可溶性糖含量的影响均存在显著性(P<0.05)差异。
To investigate the effects of cadmium and lead pollution on plant growth and physiology,Rumex japonicus Houtt,the dominant native plant in the wetland of Le'an River,was selected and studied via pot culture experiment method with soil culture in the laboratory. Different pollution gradients of single-factor and double-factors of cadmium and lead were set up,and the growth indexes such as biomass and height and the physiological indexes including malondialdehyde( MDA) and soluble sugar contents of R. japonicus were measured. The results showed that,with the increased cadmium and lead concentration and stress time,the biomass and height of the plants were significantly inhibited( P<0.05). Moreover,the inhibition effects of the two-factor combined pollution stress of cadmium and lead were significantly( P<0.05) higher than single-factor pollution stress of either cadmium or lead. The contents of MDA and soluble sugar in the plant tissues of R. Japonicus were significantly( P<0.05) increased with the enhancement of the cadmium and lead pollution concentrations and stress time. Under the single-factor and high-concentration challenge conditions,it was found that the self-regulation capacities of the plants were significantly improved,while the content of MDA was decreased. Furthermore,the effects of single factor of either cadmium or lead was significantly( P<0.05) different from the combined factors of cadmium and lead stress on the soluble sugar contents of R. japonicus.
To investigate the effects of cadmium and lead pollution on plant growth and physiology,Rumex japonicus Houtt,the dominant native plant in the wetland of Le'an River,was selected and studied via pot culture experiment method with soil culture in the laboratory. Different pollution gradients of single-factor and double-factors of cadmium and lead were set up,and the growth indexes such as biomass and height and the physiological indexes including malondialdehyde( MDA) and soluble sugar contents of R. japonicus were measured. The results showed that,with the increased cadmium and lead concentration and stress time,the biomass and height of the plants were significantly inhibited( P<0.05). Moreover,the inhibition effects of the two-factor combined pollution stress of cadmium and lead were significantly( P<0.05) higher than single-factor pollution stress of either cadmium or lead. The contents of MDA and soluble sugar in the plant tissues of R. Japonicus were significantly( P<0.05) increased with the enhancement of the cadmium and lead pollution concentrations and stress time. Under the single-factor and high-concentration challenge conditions,it was found that the self-regulation capacities of the plants were significantly improved,while the content of MDA was decreased. Furthermore,the effects of single factor of either cadmium or lead was significantly( P<0.05) different from the combined factors of cadmium and lead stress on the soluble sugar contents of R. japonicus.
引文
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[10] Abbas F,Mohanna A,Allahham G. Osmotic adjustment in sugar beet plant under salinity stress[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,2012,119(1):53-70
[11] Rosa M,Prado C,Podazza G,et al. Soluble sugars—Metabolism,sensing and abiotic stress:A complex network in the life of plants[J]. Plant Signaling&Behavior,2009,4(5):388-393
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[13]魏树和，周启星，王新，等．农田杂草的重金属超积累特性研究[J]．中国环境科学，2004,24(1):105-109Wei S H,Zhou Q X,Wang X,et al. Studies on the characteristics of heavy metal hyperaccumulation of weeds in farmland[J]. China Environmental Science,2004,24(1):105-109(in Chinese)
[14] Wei S H,Zhou Q X,Wang X,et al. Potential of weed species applied to remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2004,16(5):868-873
[15]简敏菲，王童童，余厚平，等．河岸带植物羊蹄在2种去叶胁迫下的生长及酶活性的响应特征[J]．江西师范大学学报:自然科学版，2018,42(2):171-178Jian M F,Wang T T,Yu H P,et al. The responses of morphology and antioxidant enzyme activity of the riparian dominant plant Rumex japonicus Houtt under the stress of two different defoliation patterns[J]. Journal of Jiangxi Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition,2018,42(2):171-178(in Chinese)
[16]秦春梅，梁恒兴．中药羊蹄的化学成分研究[J]．中国现代药物应用，2013,7(1):1-2Qin C M,Liang H X. Study on the chemical constituents of Rumex japonicus Houtt[J]. Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application,2013,7(1):1-2(in Chinese)
[17]郝秀华，王蕾，虞振静，等．中药羊蹄的化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J]．特产研究，2016,38(3):180-182Hao X H,Wang L,Yu Z J,et al. The research progress of chemical components and the pharmacological effects of Chinese medicinal materials Rumex japonicus[J].Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research,2016,38(3):180-182(in Chinese)
[18]高飏，蒋祖军．羊蹄根对免疫性血小板减少性紫癜模型小鼠转化生长因子-β1及其受体的影响[J]．河北医学，2017,23(5):741-744Gao Y,Jiang Z J. Effects of Rumex japonicus Houtt extract on transforming growth factor-β1 and receptors in thrombocytopenic purpura mice[J]. Hebei Medicine,2017,23(5):741-744(in Chinese)
[19]杨艳燕，闫达中，左进成，等．药用植物羊蹄的灭螺作用及对钉螺酯酶同工酶影响初探[J]．湖北大学学报:自科版，2002,24(4):354-356Yang Y Y,Yan D Z,Zuo J C,et al. The study of the toxic effect of Rumex japonicum Houtt and of EST isoenzymes in Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Journal of Hubei University:Natural Science Edition,2002,24(4):354-356(in Chinese)
[20]成广雷，张海娇，赵久然，等．临界胁迫贮藏条件下不同基因型玉米种子活力及生理变化[J]．中国农业科学，2015,48(1):33-42Cheng G L,Zhang H J,Zhao J R,et al. Vigor and physiological changes of different genotypes of maize seed(Zea mays L.)under critical stress storage conditions[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(1):33-42(in Chinese)
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