云南省蒙自东山岩溶区土壤重金属污染评价
|
摘要
在云南省蒙自东山岩溶区土壤重金属污染区内选取了具有代表性的8种土壤利用类型,20件土壤样品,结合单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法,对样品中Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Ge、Zn、Ni、V、Co和Mn等重金属元素进行分析,结果表明,研究区土壤中Cd、As、V、Co和Mn污染情况比较严重,其中As、Cd和Mn有明显的重度污染,中度污染主要为As和V,轻度污染主要为As、V和Co。内梅罗综合污染指数法分析结果显示:全区重度污染样品占总样品量的40%,轻度污染以上样品占总样品量的80%;重金属污染主要分布在岩溶区,未污染区主要分布在碎屑岩区。研究区重金属污染与岩溶分布区高度耦合,重金属容易进入地下水系统,扩大污染范围,应引起注意,并加强研究和治理。
To investigate the heavy metal pollution of soil in the karst area of Dongshan in Mengzi, Yunnan, this study analysed the heavy metal elements, such as Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Ge, Zn, Ni, V, Co and Mn, in 20 soil samples and 8 typical types of soil from the study area, by the single factor index method and Nemerow multi-factor index method. The results showed that the soil in the study area was contaminated by Cd, As, V, Co and Mn.Among them As, Cd and Mn were the worst pollutants. As and V were worse; As, V and Co were mild pollutants. Based on the Nemerow multi-factor index method, 40% of the total samples were defined as the heavily polluted and the mildly polluted samples accounted to 80% of the total samples. Heavy metal pollution was mainly distributed in karst areas, and uncontaminated samples were mainly from the clastic areas. The heavy metal pollution was highly coupled with the karst distribution. Heavy metals can easily enter the groundwater system and enlarge the polluted range. More attention should be paid to control pollution and to carry on relevant research.
To investigate the heavy metal pollution of soil in the karst area of Dongshan in Mengzi, Yunnan, this study analysed the heavy metal elements, such as Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Ge, Zn, Ni, V, Co and Mn, in 20 soil samples and 8 typical types of soil from the study area, by the single factor index method and Nemerow multi-factor index method. The results showed that the soil in the study area was contaminated by Cd, As, V, Co and Mn.Among them As, Cd and Mn were the worst pollutants. As and V were worse; As, V and Co were mild pollutants. Based on the Nemerow multi-factor index method, 40% of the total samples were defined as the heavily polluted and the mildly polluted samples accounted to 80% of the total samples. Heavy metal pollution was mainly distributed in karst areas, and uncontaminated samples were mainly from the clastic areas. The heavy metal pollution was highly coupled with the karst distribution. Heavy metals can easily enter the groundwater system and enlarge the polluted range. More attention should be paid to control pollution and to carry on relevant research.
引文
[1]GB 15618—2018,土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)[S].
[2]廖红为,李社宏,严松,等.云南省蒙自东山岩溶地区村寨水塘调查与环境质量评价[J].现代地质,2018,32(5):1097-1102.
[3] NY/T 395—2012,农田土壤环境质量监测技术规范[S].
[4]Chatterjee A,Banerjee R N.Determination of lead and other metals in a residential area of greater Calcutta [J].The Science of the Total Environment,1999,227:175-185.
[5]Senger M R,Rico E P,de Bem Arizi M,et al.Exposure to Hg2+ and Pb2+ changes NTPDase and ecto-5′-nucleotidase activities incentral nervous system of zebrafish (Danio rerio)[J].Toxicology,2006,226:229-237.
[6]谢黎虹,许梓荣.重金属镉对动物及人类的毒性研究进展[J].浙江农业学报,2003,15(6):376-381.
[7]J?rup L.Hazards of heavy metal contamination[J].British Medical Bulletin,2003,68(1):167-182.
[8]金晓丹,马华菊,廖俊鸿,等.广西某铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染生态和健康风险特征[J].桂林理工大学学报,2018,38 (1) :124 - 131.
[9]蔡刚刚,张学洪,梁美娜,等.南丹大厂矿区周边农田土壤重金属健康风险评价[J].桂林理工大学学报,2014,34 (3) :554 - 559.
[10]类成霞.水稻品种及砷污染对土壤溶解性有机碳氮及微生物群落结构的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[11]郭零,侯明.钒胁迫对芥菜生理特性的影响[J].桂林理工大学学报,2010,30(4):617-620.
[12]庹先国,徐争启,滕彦国,等.攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿区土壤重金属地球化学特征及污染评价[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(2):127-131.
[13]曾昭华,廖苏平,曾雪萍.中国癌症与土壤环境中钒元素的关系[J].吉林地质,2002,21(3):93-98.
[14]吴涛,兰昌云.环境中的钒及其对人体健康的影响[J].广东微量元素科学,2004,11(1):11-15.
[15]汪金舫,刘铮.土壤中钒的化学结合形态与转化条件的研究[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(1):34-39.
[16]矫旭东,滕彦国.土壤中钒污染的修复与治理技术研究 [J].土壤通报,2008,39(2):448-452.
[17]樊文华,刘素萍.钴的土壤化学 [J].山西农业大学学报,2004,24(2):194-198.
[18]Aery A C,Jagetiya B L.Effect of cobalt treatments on dry matter production of wheat and DTPA extractable cobalt content in soils[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2002,31(9-10):1275-1286.
[19]王秀敏,魏显有,刘云惠,等.施用钴盐对玉米幼苗植株生长及钴含量的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,22(2):22-23.
[20]颜世铭.钴与健康[J].广东微量元素科学,2007,14(2):35.
[21]赵红,王爱斌,林国卫,等.重金属钴对水稻种子萌发及幼苗几项生理指标的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(2):18-20,26.
[22]陈远其,陈章,李志贤,等.锰污染土壤修复研究现状与展望[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1451-1456.
[23]万凯,王富华,张冲,等.东莞农田土壤重金属污染调查分析[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(6):198-199,220.
[24]刘元生,何腾兵,罗海波,等.贵阳市乌当区耕地土壤重金属污染现状及其评价[J].重庆环境科学,2003,25(10):42-45.
[2]廖红为,李社宏,严松,等.云南省蒙自东山岩溶地区村寨水塘调查与环境质量评价[J].现代地质,2018,32(5):1097-1102.
[3] NY/T 395—2012,农田土壤环境质量监测技术规范[S].
[4]Chatterjee A,Banerjee R N.Determination of lead and other metals in a residential area of greater Calcutta [J].The Science of the Total Environment,1999,227:175-185.
[5]Senger M R,Rico E P,de Bem Arizi M,et al.Exposure to Hg2+ and Pb2+ changes NTPDase and ecto-5′-nucleotidase activities incentral nervous system of zebrafish (Danio rerio)[J].Toxicology,2006,226:229-237.
[6]谢黎虹,许梓荣.重金属镉对动物及人类的毒性研究进展[J].浙江农业学报,2003,15(6):376-381.
[7]J?rup L.Hazards of heavy metal contamination[J].British Medical Bulletin,2003,68(1):167-182.
[8]金晓丹,马华菊,廖俊鸿,等.广西某铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染生态和健康风险特征[J].桂林理工大学学报,2018,38 (1) :124 - 131.
[9]蔡刚刚,张学洪,梁美娜,等.南丹大厂矿区周边农田土壤重金属健康风险评价[J].桂林理工大学学报,2014,34 (3) :554 - 559.
[10]类成霞.水稻品种及砷污染对土壤溶解性有机碳氮及微生物群落结构的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[11]郭零,侯明.钒胁迫对芥菜生理特性的影响[J].桂林理工大学学报,2010,30(4):617-620.
[12]庹先国,徐争启,滕彦国,等.攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿区土壤重金属地球化学特征及污染评价[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(2):127-131.
[13]曾昭华,廖苏平,曾雪萍.中国癌症与土壤环境中钒元素的关系[J].吉林地质,2002,21(3):93-98.
[14]吴涛,兰昌云.环境中的钒及其对人体健康的影响[J].广东微量元素科学,2004,11(1):11-15.
[15]汪金舫,刘铮.土壤中钒的化学结合形态与转化条件的研究[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(1):34-39.
[16]矫旭东,滕彦国.土壤中钒污染的修复与治理技术研究 [J].土壤通报,2008,39(2):448-452.
[17]樊文华,刘素萍.钴的土壤化学 [J].山西农业大学学报,2004,24(2):194-198.
[18]Aery A C,Jagetiya B L.Effect of cobalt treatments on dry matter production of wheat and DTPA extractable cobalt content in soils[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2002,31(9-10):1275-1286.
[19]王秀敏,魏显有,刘云惠,等.施用钴盐对玉米幼苗植株生长及钴含量的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,1999,22(2):22-23.
[20]颜世铭.钴与健康[J].广东微量元素科学,2007,14(2):35.
[21]赵红,王爱斌,林国卫,等.重金属钴对水稻种子萌发及幼苗几项生理指标的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(2):18-20,26.
[22]陈远其,陈章,李志贤,等.锰污染土壤修复研究现状与展望[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1451-1456.
[23]万凯,王富华,张冲,等.东莞农田土壤重金属污染调查分析[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(6):198-199,220.
[24]刘元生,何腾兵,罗海波,等.贵阳市乌当区耕地土壤重金属污染现状及其评价[J].重庆环境科学,2003,25(10):42-45.