灵空山油松林内凋落物与油松幼苗空间分布相关关系研究
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摘要
以灵空山1 ha天然油松林为研究平台,通过野外收集器收集凋落物和室内分析实验的方法,分析灵空山油松林内凋落物物种组成、数量、空间分布等与油松幼苗空间分布的关系,揭示凋落物对油松幼苗所造成的影响,阐明凋落物不同组分之间与幼苗的空间分布关系.本研究参照拿马巴洛科罗拉多岛(Barro Colorado Island,BCI) 50 ha样地技术规范,在灵空山1 ha天然油松林长期监测样地内设置了11个种子收集器,从2014年9月到2016年12月,每15天收集掉落于收集器中的果实、种子及其相关附属物等.利用2年间收集的种子雨数据,主要结论如下:(1)收集器收集到的凋落物总重量为7.899 kg,其中叶凋落量最大,达到78.56%,收集到的凋落物树种共有10种,占样地树种数的35.7%.(2)油松幼苗在收集器周围半径10 m范围内的数量远多于半径5 m.(3)种子和果实的数量与幼苗的数量大致呈正相关,部分样地果实与幼苗呈负相关.(4)在11个凋落物收集器内,全部收集到凋落物,油松叶子存在于每个收集器中,其中的凋落物平均为682.42 g,其变异系数为0.29.(5)采用spss软件对凋落物不同的组分与幼苗进行pearson相关性分析,得出幼苗与油松叶、种子、果实有显著相关关系,凋落物中的树枝、树皮等附属物以及雄球花与幼苗空间分布无明显相关关系.
The 1 ha in Lingkong Mountain Natural Pinus Tabulaeformis forest as the research platform, in order to clarify the different components of litter and seedling spatial distribution, method of collecting litter and analysis in the lab by the field of the collector, analysis in Lingkong mountain pine forest in the litter species composition, quantity, spatial distribution and the relationship between the spatial distribution of Pinus Tabulaeformis seedlings. Influence of litter of Pinus Tabulaeformis seedlings. This study reference Namabaluo Colorado Island(Barro Colorado Island, BCI) technical specification 50 ha plots, 1 ha monitoring in Lingkong Mountain Natural Pinus Tabulaeformis forest plots set up 11 seed collector long, from September 2014 to December 2016, were collected every 15 days to fall in the collector of fruits and seeds and its appendages. Using data collected from 2 seed rain, the main conclusions are as follows:(1) the total weight of litter collected into the 7.899 kg, the largest leaf litter, reached 78.56 %, collected a total of 10 litter species, accounting for 35.7 % of the total sample tree.(2) the number of Pinus Tabulaeformis seedlings in the radius of 10 m around the collector is much more than that of the radius 5 m.(3) the number of seeds and fruits was positively related to the number of seedlings, while the fruit and seedlings were negatively correlated in some plots.(4) litter was collected in 11 litter collectors, and the leaves of Pinus Tabulaeformis were found in each collector. The average litter was 682.42 g, and the coefficient of variation was 0.29.(5) of different litter components were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and seedlings by using SPSS software, the leaves, seeds, seedlings of Pinus Tabulaeformis and fruit was significantly correlated, in the litter branches, bark and appendages of male cones and seedling spatial distribution has no significant correlation.
The 1 ha in Lingkong Mountain Natural Pinus Tabulaeformis forest as the research platform, in order to clarify the different components of litter and seedling spatial distribution, method of collecting litter and analysis in the lab by the field of the collector, analysis in Lingkong mountain pine forest in the litter species composition, quantity, spatial distribution and the relationship between the spatial distribution of Pinus Tabulaeformis seedlings. Influence of litter of Pinus Tabulaeformis seedlings. This study reference Namabaluo Colorado Island(Barro Colorado Island, BCI) technical specification 50 ha plots, 1 ha monitoring in Lingkong Mountain Natural Pinus Tabulaeformis forest plots set up 11 seed collector long, from September 2014 to December 2016, were collected every 15 days to fall in the collector of fruits and seeds and its appendages. Using data collected from 2 seed rain, the main conclusions are as follows:(1) the total weight of litter collected into the 7.899 kg, the largest leaf litter, reached 78.56 %, collected a total of 10 litter species, accounting for 35.7 % of the total sample tree.(2) the number of Pinus Tabulaeformis seedlings in the radius of 10 m around the collector is much more than that of the radius 5 m.(3) the number of seeds and fruits was positively related to the number of seedlings, while the fruit and seedlings were negatively correlated in some plots.(4) litter was collected in 11 litter collectors, and the leaves of Pinus Tabulaeformis were found in each collector. The average litter was 682.42 g, and the coefficient of variation was 0.29.(5) of different litter components were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and seedlings by using SPSS software, the leaves, seeds, seedlings of Pinus Tabulaeformis and fruit was significantly correlated, in the litter branches, bark and appendages of male cones and seedling spatial distribution has no significant correlation.
引文
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[19] 张新平,王襄平,朱彪,等.我国东北主要森林类型的凋落物产量及其影响因素植物[J].生态学报,2008,32(5):1031～1040.
[20] Jones E W.Quercus L.[J].Journal of Ecology,1959,47(1):169～222.
[21] Bossema I.Jays and Oaks:An Eco-Ethological Study of a Symbiosis[J].Behaviour,1979,70(1):1～116.
[22] 王巍,马克平,刘灿然.北京东灵山落叶阔叶林中辽东栎种子雨(英文)[J].植物学报,2000,(2):195～202.
[2] 春敏莉,谢宗强,赵常明,等.神农架巴山冷杉天然林凋落量及养分特征[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(3):492～498.
[3] Dw R,Godaam E.Litter production in forests of the world [J].1964,2:101～157.
[4] 郭东罡,上官铁梁,白中科,等.山西太岳山油松群落对采伐干扰的生态响应[J].生态学报,2011,31(12):3296～3307.
[5] 宋新章,江洪,张慧玲,等.全球环境变化对森林凋落物分解的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(9):4414～4423.
[6] 薛立,何跃君,屈明,等.华南典型人工林凋落物的持水特性[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(3):415～421.
[7] 郑路,卢立华.我国森林地表凋落物现存量及养分特征[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(1):63～69.
[8] 李颖,上官铁梁,郭东罡,等.灵空山不同生境油松种群空间格局的地统计学分析[J].应用与环境生物学报,2015,21(1):115～120.
[9] 中国科学院植物研究所.中国植被区划[M].北京:科学出版社,1960.
[10] 原作强,李步杭,白雪娇,等.长白山阔叶红松林凋落物组成及其季节动态[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(9):2171～2178.
[11] Li XF,Hu YL,Han SJ,et al.Litterfall and litter chemistry change over time in an old growth temperate forest,northeastern China[J].Annals of Forest Science,2010,206:1～9.
[12] 卢俊培,刘其汉.海南岛尖峰岭热带林凋落物研究初报[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1988,12(2):104～112.
[13] 任泳红,曹敏,唐建维,等.西双版纳季节雨林与橡胶多层林凋落物动态的比较研究[J].植物生态学报,1999,23(5):418～425.
[14] 韩士杰,董云社,中国财经[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[15] 汪思龙,陈楚莹.森林残落物生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[16] 李志安,王伯荪,翁轰,等.鼎湖山南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林凋落物的养分动态[J].热带亚热带植物学报,1998,6(3):209～215.
[17] 吴志东,彭福泉,车玉萍,等.我国南亚热带几种人工林的生物物质循环特点及其对土壤的影响[J].土壤学报,1990,27(3):50～261.
[18] 段艳芳,杨蕾,郭连乐,等.太行山浅山丘陵区栓皮栎人工林凋落物季节动态[J].河南科学,2008,26(7):792～794.
[19] 张新平,王襄平,朱彪,等.我国东北主要森林类型的凋落物产量及其影响因素植物[J].生态学报,2008,32(5):1031～1040.
[20] Jones E W.Quercus L.[J].Journal of Ecology,1959,47(1):169～222.
[21] Bossema I.Jays and Oaks:An Eco-Ethological Study of a Symbiosis[J].Behaviour,1979,70(1):1～116.
[22] 王巍,马克平,刘灿然.北京东灵山落叶阔叶林中辽东栎种子雨(英文)[J].植物学报,2000,(2):195～202.