文化生态补偿的理论内涵及框架探究
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摘要
文化生态补偿是生态补偿理论研究及文化保护实践中的重要命题。在重点分析文化生态补偿的理论内涵及逻辑框架(什么是文化生态补偿)的基础上,从文化生态补偿的补偿主体(补给谁)、受偿客体(谁来补)、标准核算(补多少)、补偿方式(怎么补)、时空尺度(补多久、在哪补)等方面对其核心问题进行了分析。文化生态补偿是一种协调文化生态保护相关者利益关系的制度安排,以文化生态系统为对象,以促进其保护与可持续利用为目的,以政府和市场为主要手段,涉及文化生态系统服务价值、文化生态保护成本、发展机会成本等方面,基于不同时空尺度特征,可采取受益者补偿、社会补偿、自我补偿、政府补偿等多种方式实施综合补偿。
Cultural ecological compensation is the important issue in the theoretical study of eco-compensation. In cultural protection practice, by using government and the market as primary means, cultural ecological compensation is also a public institutional arrangement, which aiming at promoting the sustainable use of cultural and ecological system protection, and adjusting relations of cultural ecological protect stakeholders. In this paper, we studied the five core issues of cultural ecological compensation. 1)Theoretical connotation and logical frame of cultural ecological compensation.What is cultural ecological compensation? 2)The subjective & objective bodies of cultural ecological compensation. Who pay for cultural ecological compensation? And who get? 3)Calculate standard of cultural ecological compensation. How much should compensate? 4)Compensation ways of cultural ecological compensation. How to make cultural ecological compensation? 5)Spatial and temporal scale of cultural ecological compensation. How long should compensate? And in where? At last, according to practice condition and relate researching state, we discussed the research emphasis in future.Cultural ecological compensation is an institutional that coordinating the relationship of interests between the cultural ecological conservation stakeholders. Cultural ecological system is the core object, promoting the protection and sustainable use of cultural ecological resource is the purpose, the government and the market are the main means. Cultural ecological compensation involves the value of cultural ecosystem services, the cost of cultural ecological protection, and the opportunity cost of development. Based on different spatial and temporal scale, the means of beneficiary compensation, social compensation, self-compensation, government compensation, and etc should be implemented comprehensively.
Cultural ecological compensation is the important issue in the theoretical study of eco-compensation. In cultural protection practice, by using government and the market as primary means, cultural ecological compensation is also a public institutional arrangement, which aiming at promoting the sustainable use of cultural and ecological system protection, and adjusting relations of cultural ecological protect stakeholders. In this paper, we studied the five core issues of cultural ecological compensation. 1)Theoretical connotation and logical frame of cultural ecological compensation.What is cultural ecological compensation? 2)The subjective & objective bodies of cultural ecological compensation. Who pay for cultural ecological compensation? And who get? 3)Calculate standard of cultural ecological compensation. How much should compensate? 4)Compensation ways of cultural ecological compensation. How to make cultural ecological compensation? 5)Spatial and temporal scale of cultural ecological compensation. How long should compensate? And in where? At last, according to practice condition and relate researching state, we discussed the research emphasis in future.Cultural ecological compensation is an institutional that coordinating the relationship of interests between the cultural ecological conservation stakeholders. Cultural ecological system is the core object, promoting the protection and sustainable use of cultural ecological resource is the purpose, the government and the market are the main means. Cultural ecological compensation involves the value of cultural ecosystem services, the cost of cultural ecological protection, and the opportunity cost of development. Based on different spatial and temporal scale, the means of beneficiary compensation, social compensation, self-compensation, government compensation, and etc should be implemented comprehensively.
引文
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[23]邓先瑞.试论文化生态及其研究意义[J].华中师范大学学报:人文社会科学版,2003,42(1):93-97.
[24]王金南.生态补偿机制与政策设计[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
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[2]李东红,杨利美.文化资源的价值评估、成本核算与经济补偿[J].思想战线,2004,30(3):97-101.
[3]刘建,王瑶,王淑军,等.论生态补偿对生态文化建设的促进作用[J].中国软科学,2007(9):56-60.
[4]胡孝平,马勇,史万震.鄂西生态文化旅游圈生态补偿机制构建[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,45(3):480-484.
[5]马勇,胡孝平.鄂西生态文化旅游圈生态补偿模式创新对策研究[J].湖北社会科学,2010(10):73-76.
[6]郑四渭,贝勇斌.非物质文化旅游资源价值补偿运行机制初探[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2007,18(6):795-797,802.
[7]杨凤祥.文化贸易的外部性及其补偿机理[J].江苏科技信息,2013(4):21-23.
[8]赵瑞.基于少数民族旅游循环经济理念的民族文化补偿问题研究[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2009.
[9]周真刚.少数民族非物质文化遗产开发的补偿机制研究[J].广西民族大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2013,35(3):66-69.
[10]杨林.景宁旅游开发中“文化生态补偿特区”构建[J].金华职业技术学院学报,2008,8(3):18-22.
[11]曹务坤,卢丽娟.民族文化公益林补偿法律机制的建构[J].贵州民族研究,2012,33(6):32-35.
[12]陈明光,田伟珂,查兰建,等.黔西南生态文化旅游的生态补偿研究[J].改革与战略,2013,29(9):66-69.
[13]杨枫.论连片特困地区文化生态补偿机制建立的意义[J].学理论,2014(8):136-138.
[14]余洁,李树民,张祖群.自然文化遗产地控制旅游建设用地的补偿机制[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2007,17(4):128-133.
[15]卞利.探索建设文化生态补偿机制[N].中国文化报,2011-1-11(6).
[16]王蕾,苏杨.生态补偿政策不能“没文化”[N].中国文物报,2012-12-28(5).[17][美]唐纳德L哈迪斯蒂.生态人类学[M].郭凡,邹和,译.北京:文物出版社,2002.
[18]刘春腊,刘卫东,陆大道.生态补偿的地理学特征及内涵研究[J].地理研究,2014,33(5):803-816.
[19] Engel S,Pagiola S,Wunder S. Designing payments for environmental services in theory and practice:An overview of the issues[J]. Ecological Economics,2008,65(4):663-674.
[20] Alix-Garcia J,De Janvry A,Sadoulet E. The role of deforestation risk and calibrated compensation in designing payments for environmental services[J]. Environment and Development Economics,2008,13(3):375-394.
[21] Murray B C,Abt R C. Estimating price compensation requirements for eco-certified forestry[J]. Ecological Economics,2001,36(1):149-163.
[22]刘敏,刘春凤,胡中州.旅游生态补偿:内涵探讨与科学问题[J].旅游学刊,2013,28(2):52-59.
[23]邓先瑞.试论文化生态及其研究意义[J].华中师范大学学报:人文社会科学版,2003,42(1):93-97.
[24]王金南.生态补偿机制与政策设计[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
[25] Pagiola S,Platais G. Payments for Environmental Services:From Theory to Practice[R]. Washington D C:World Bank,2007.
[26] Pagiola S,Areenas A,Platais G. Can payments for environmental services help reduce poverty?An exploration of the issues and the evidence to date from Latin America[J]. World Development,2005,33(2):237-253.