西北内陆区水资源安全保障技术集成与应用
|
摘要
水资源短缺是制约西北内陆区经济和社会发展的瓶颈,在变化环境下,区域的水循环要素必然发生变化,使得水资源系统的变化过程更为复杂、水资源供需矛盾日益突出,合理开发利用水资源、高效节水和水量调配是西北内陆区可持续发展之急需解决的关键科学和技术问题。以保障西北内陆区水资源安全为目标,以水资源高效利用与调控为主线,按照"理论方法-技术研发-方案集成"的总体思路,以西北内陆区水资源安全风险评估及变化环境下水循环与水资源变化趋势为基础,集成保水节水技术、空中与地表水资源联合利用关键技术、荒漠绿洲生态保护的水资源调配技术,提出西北内陆区水资源配置方案、保障体系与对策建议。
Shortage of water resources seriously restricts the economic and social development in the northwestern inland areas. Under the environment changing, the factors of the regional water cycle will be inevitably changed and result in the process of changing water resources systems more complex and the increasingly contradiction between water supply and demand. Rational development and utilization of water resources, efficient water conservation and water allocation are the key scientific and technical tasks to be solved urgently for the sustainable development in the northwest inland area. With the goal of ensuring the safety of water resources in the northwest inland area, we need taking the efficient use and regulation of water resources as the most important work. Based on the risk assessment of water resources safety and the water circulation under the changing environment, it built the special model of "theory method-technology R & D-program integration", integrated water conservation and saving technology, combined use of air and surface water resources key technologies, desert oasis ecological protection water resources allocation technology, proposed water resources allocation scheme, setup the safeguard system and countermeasures in the northwest inland area.
Shortage of water resources seriously restricts the economic and social development in the northwestern inland areas. Under the environment changing, the factors of the regional water cycle will be inevitably changed and result in the process of changing water resources systems more complex and the increasingly contradiction between water supply and demand. Rational development and utilization of water resources, efficient water conservation and water allocation are the key scientific and technical tasks to be solved urgently for the sustainable development in the northwest inland area. With the goal of ensuring the safety of water resources in the northwest inland area, we need taking the efficient use and regulation of water resources as the most important work. Based on the risk assessment of water resources safety and the water circulation under the changing environment, it built the special model of "theory method-technology R & D-program integration", integrated water conservation and saving technology, combined use of air and surface water resources key technologies, desert oasis ecological protection water resources allocation technology, proposed water resources allocation scheme, setup the safeguard system and countermeasures in the northwest inland area.
引文
[1] 谢继忠.河西走廊的水资源问题与节水对策[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(6):142-148.
[2] 宋华龙,王晶.程国栋:制定适应西北干旱区水资源安全新战略极为迫切[EB/OL].[2010-08-04].http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2010/8/235538.shtm?id=235538.
[3] 王浩.西部大开发战略下的西北水资源开发、利用与保护[J].水利水电技术,2004,35(1):17-21.
[4] 张小由.额济纳绿洲生态耗水与水量平衡研究[D].兰州:中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,2006:1-2.
[5] 夏军.变化环境下水循环与水系统科学的研究与展望[J].水资源研究,2012(1):21-28.
[6] 夏军.华北地区水循环与水资源安全:问题与挑战(一)[J].海河水利,2003,21(4):1-3.
[7] 王浩,陈敏建,何希吾,等.西北地区水资源合理配置与承载能力研究[J].中国水利,2004(22):43-45.
[8] Water.Explore Software Used for all Water Resources Applications,Including General Use,Water Quality and Chemistry,Groundwater,Statistics and Graphics,and Surface Water [EB/OL].[2019-08-21].https://www.usgs.gov/products/software/water.
[9] DAN Rosbjerg,JOHN Rodda.IAHS:a Brief History of Hydrology[J].History of Geo and Space Sciences,2019(10):109-118.
[10] 世界气象组织.计划[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].https://public.wmo.int/zh-hans/计划.
[11] 山仑,康绍忠,吴普特.中国节水农业[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:34-40.
[12] NOAA.Climate:from Supercomputers and State-of-the-Art Models to Observations and Outlooks,We Provide Data,Tools,and Information to Help People Understand and Prepare for Climate Variability and Change[EB/OL].[2019-08-21].https://www.noaa.gov/climate.
[13] MIKE.Areas of Application[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].https://www.mikepoweredbydhi.com/.
[14] 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室.科研成果[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].http://www.skl-wac.cn/sklsr/kycg/A4503index_1.htm.
[15] 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室.科学研究—代表性成果[EB/OL].[2018-05-16].http://sklhse.tsinghua.edu.cn/list.asp?classid=119.
[16] 康静,黄兴法.膜下滴灌的研究及发展[J].节水灌溉,2013(9):71-74.
[17] 张万英.“国家节水灌溉工程技术研究中心(新疆)”组建项目通过初步验收[J].石河子科技,2006(4):29.
[18] 中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室.科研成果[EB/OL].[2017-07-21].http://cw.casnw.net//wwwroot/nlh/index.shtml.
[19] 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司.科研项目[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].http://www.yrec.cn/07/list_070101.asp.
[20] 丁志宏,韩鹏,杨晓勇.内蒙古高原内陆河东部流域非常规水资源开发利用现状评价工作的若干思考[J].海河水利,2015(3):1-4.
[2] 宋华龙,王晶.程国栋:制定适应西北干旱区水资源安全新战略极为迫切[EB/OL].[2010-08-04].http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2010/8/235538.shtm?id=235538.
[3] 王浩.西部大开发战略下的西北水资源开发、利用与保护[J].水利水电技术,2004,35(1):17-21.
[4] 张小由.额济纳绿洲生态耗水与水量平衡研究[D].兰州:中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,2006:1-2.
[5] 夏军.变化环境下水循环与水系统科学的研究与展望[J].水资源研究,2012(1):21-28.
[6] 夏军.华北地区水循环与水资源安全:问题与挑战(一)[J].海河水利,2003,21(4):1-3.
[7] 王浩,陈敏建,何希吾,等.西北地区水资源合理配置与承载能力研究[J].中国水利,2004(22):43-45.
[8] Water.Explore Software Used for all Water Resources Applications,Including General Use,Water Quality and Chemistry,Groundwater,Statistics and Graphics,and Surface Water [EB/OL].[2019-08-21].https://www.usgs.gov/products/software/water.
[9] DAN Rosbjerg,JOHN Rodda.IAHS:a Brief History of Hydrology[J].History of Geo and Space Sciences,2019(10):109-118.
[10] 世界气象组织.计划[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].https://public.wmo.int/zh-hans/计划.
[11] 山仑,康绍忠,吴普特.中国节水农业[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:34-40.
[12] NOAA.Climate:from Supercomputers and State-of-the-Art Models to Observations and Outlooks,We Provide Data,Tools,and Information to Help People Understand and Prepare for Climate Variability and Change[EB/OL].[2019-08-21].https://www.noaa.gov/climate.
[13] MIKE.Areas of Application[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].https://www.mikepoweredbydhi.com/.
[14] 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室.科研成果[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].http://www.skl-wac.cn/sklsr/kycg/A4503index_1.htm.
[15] 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室.科学研究—代表性成果[EB/OL].[2018-05-16].http://sklhse.tsinghua.edu.cn/list.asp?classid=119.
[16] 康静,黄兴法.膜下滴灌的研究及发展[J].节水灌溉,2013(9):71-74.
[17] 张万英.“国家节水灌溉工程技术研究中心(新疆)”组建项目通过初步验收[J].石河子科技,2006(4):29.
[18] 中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室.科研成果[EB/OL].[2017-07-21].http://cw.casnw.net//wwwroot/nlh/index.shtml.
[19] 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司.科研项目[EB/OL].[2019-07-21].http://www.yrec.cn/07/list_070101.asp.
[20] 丁志宏,韩鹏,杨晓勇.内蒙古高原内陆河东部流域非常规水资源开发利用现状评价工作的若干思考[J].海河水利,2015(3):1-4.