基于双权重未确知测度模型的银川市空气质量评价
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摘要
为了能够全面客观地评价空气质量,综合考虑影响空气质量主要污染物的浓度值及毒性作用,建立了银川空气质量双权重未确知测度评价模型。通过单双因子法分别计算污染物对空气质量影响的权重,对银川市2013—2017年空气质量进行评价。研究结果表明,银川市2013—2017年空气质量是二级良好,双因子法计算得到的空气质量综合评价属于三级的权重相对于单因子法的结果偏高,因为污染物的毒性对空气质量也具有一定程度的影响。单双因子法计算得到的三大环境空气首要污染物、空气质量综合评价结果及排序是一致的,双因子法计算得到的PM2.5的权重值远远高于用单因子法所得,因为PM2.5对空气的毒性作用最强。与单双因子法相比,双因子法更能全面客观地对空气质量进行评价。
In order to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the air quality,the concentration and toxicity of main pollutants affecting air quality were considered comprehensively,a double-weight unascertained measurement evaluation model of Yinchuan air quality was established. The weight of pollutants′ influence on air quality was calculated by single and double factor method,and the air quality in Yinchuan from 2013 to 2017 was evaluated. Research results show that:from 2013 to 2017,the air quality in Yinchuan was good in the second level,and the three-level weight of the comprehensive evaluation of air quality obtained by the double factor method was higher than that obtained by the single factor method,that because the toxicity of pollutants also caused a certain degree of pollution to the air quality. Three major pollutants in the air,air quality comprehensive evaluation results and ranking were consistent,which were obtained by the single and double factor method,the weight value of PM2.5 calculated by the double factor method is much higher than that obtained by the single factor method,this is because PM2.5 is the most toxic to the air. Compared with the single and double factor method,the double factor method can evaluate the air quality comprehensively and objectively.
In order to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the air quality,the concentration and toxicity of main pollutants affecting air quality were considered comprehensively,a double-weight unascertained measurement evaluation model of Yinchuan air quality was established. The weight of pollutants′ influence on air quality was calculated by single and double factor method,and the air quality in Yinchuan from 2013 to 2017 was evaluated. Research results show that:from 2013 to 2017,the air quality in Yinchuan was good in the second level,and the three-level weight of the comprehensive evaluation of air quality obtained by the double factor method was higher than that obtained by the single factor method,that because the toxicity of pollutants also caused a certain degree of pollution to the air quality. Three major pollutants in the air,air quality comprehensive evaluation results and ranking were consistent,which were obtained by the single and double factor method,the weight value of PM2.5 calculated by the double factor method is much higher than that obtained by the single factor method,this is because PM2.5 is the most toxic to the air. Compared with the single and double factor method,the double factor method can evaluate the air quality comprehensively and objectively.
引文
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[3]环境保护部，国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB 3095—2012环境空气质量标准[S]. 2012.
[4]环境保护部. HJ 633—2012环境空气质量指数（AQI）技术规定（试行）[S]. 2012.
[5]邹晓颖．大气环境质量评价的模糊综合评判模型[J]．湖南有色金属，2006,22(1):56-59.
[6]梁静，陈新国．北京市大气环境质量的模糊综合评价[J]．数学的实践与认识，2014,44(12):151-156.
[7]李冰月，周新宇，王楠，等．基于主成分分析对历史文化保护区的空气质量评价———以北京白塔寺街区为例[J]．绿色科技，2018(4):66-70.
[8]姜新华，薛河儒，张存厚，等．基于主成分分析的呼和浩特市空气质量影响因素研究[J]．安全与环境工程，2016,23(1):75-79.
[9]张云海，马雁军，孙财涛，等．灰色聚类评价在经济区大气环境质量评价中的应用[J]．环境科学与技术，2010,33(6E):426-428.
[10]王珂，岳大鹏．基于双权重模糊综合模型的郑州空气质量评价[J]．江西农业学报，2018,30(10):100-105.
[11]李成，李坤权．基于双权重模糊综合评判的南京空气质量评价[J]．环境工程学报，2017,11(12):6386-6392.
[12]李力争，李淑民，张晓郁，等．未确知测度模型在城市环境空气质量评价中的应用[J]．环境监控与预警，2013,5(6):38-41.
[13]刘开第，庞彦军，孙光勇，等．城市环境质量的未确知测度评价[J]．系统工程理论与实践，1999,19(12):52-58.