石漠化治理区不同生态恢复模式土壤质量评价
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摘要
为研究贵州省喀斯特石漠化地区不同生态恢复模式土壤养分及土壤质量情况,以贵州省黔西南州贞丰—北盘江石漠化治理示范区为研究区,采用土壤质量综合指数法对花椒、金银花、核桃和撂荒地4种不同生态恢复模式下土壤质量进行了评价,分析了不同生态恢复模式下土壤理化和微生物指标的分布规律。结果表明:4种生态恢复模式下0—5 cm表层土壤养分富集明显,且20 cm土层内随着深度的加深,各营养指标总体呈下降趋势;与短年限撂荒地相比,花椒、金银花和核桃样地总体土壤物理性状较好,养分含量高,土壤微生物生物量明显改善。土壤质量综合指数花椒(0.671)>金银花(0.664)>核桃(0.597)>撂荒地(0.589),表明花椒、金银花对土壤质量提升成效较好,在石漠化治理土壤环境的改善中发挥了积极的作用。
In order to study soil nutrients and soil quality of different ecological restoration models in karst rocky desertification area of Guizhou Province, Zhenfeng-Beipanjiang River Demonstration Area of rocky desertification control in the Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture was chosen as the study area. Soil quality comprehensive index method was used to evaluate soil quality under four different ecological restoration models such as Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Lonicera japonica, Juglans regia and abandoned cropland. And the distribution of soil physical, chemical and microbial indicators under different ecological restoration models was analyzed. The results proved that the soil nutrient enrichment in 0—5 cm surface soil of the four ecological restoration model plots was obvious, and the overall nutrition index showed the downward trend with the increase of soil depth within 20 centimeters; compared with the abandoned land for a short period of time, the soil physical properties of fileds of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Lonicera japonica and Juglans regia were better, the nutrient contents were higher, and the soil microbial biomass was significantly improved. The soil quality comprehensive index decreased in the order: Zanthoxylum bungeanum(0.671)> Lonicera japonica(0.664)> Juglans regia(0.597)> abandoned cropland(0.589), which indicates that Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Lonicera japonica have good effects on soil quality improvement, and play a positive role in improving soil environment in rocky desertification control.
In order to study soil nutrients and soil quality of different ecological restoration models in karst rocky desertification area of Guizhou Province, Zhenfeng-Beipanjiang River Demonstration Area of rocky desertification control in the Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture was chosen as the study area. Soil quality comprehensive index method was used to evaluate soil quality under four different ecological restoration models such as Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Lonicera japonica, Juglans regia and abandoned cropland. And the distribution of soil physical, chemical and microbial indicators under different ecological restoration models was analyzed. The results proved that the soil nutrient enrichment in 0—5 cm surface soil of the four ecological restoration model plots was obvious, and the overall nutrition index showed the downward trend with the increase of soil depth within 20 centimeters; compared with the abandoned land for a short period of time, the soil physical properties of fileds of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Lonicera japonica and Juglans regia were better, the nutrient contents were higher, and the soil microbial biomass was significantly improved. The soil quality comprehensive index decreased in the order: Zanthoxylum bungeanum(0.671)> Lonicera japonica(0.664)> Juglans regia(0.597)> abandoned cropland(0.589), which indicates that Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Lonicera japonica have good effects on soil quality improvement, and play a positive role in improving soil environment in rocky desertification control.
引文
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[13] 庞世龙,欧芷阳,申文辉,等.广西喀斯特地区不同植被恢复模式土壤质量综合评价[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(7):60-66.
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[15] 喻阳华,王璐,钟欣平,等.贵州喀斯特山区不同海拔花椒人工林土壤质量评价[J].生态学报,2018,38(21):7850-7858.
[16] 李苇洁,汪廷梅,王桂萍,等.花江喀斯特峡谷区顶坛花椒林生态系统服务功能价值评估[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(2):152-154,161.
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[19] 房全孝.土壤质量评价工具及其应用研究进展[J].土壤通报,2013,44(2):496-504.
[20] 肖杰,熊康宁,顾再柯,等.喀斯特石漠化治理区土壤养分综合评价与对比:以贵州朝营和顶坛小流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):293-299.
[21] 李婕羚,李朝婵,胡继伟,等.典型喀斯特山区无籽刺梨基地土壤质量评价[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):54-60.
[22] 许自成,王林,肖汉乾.湖南烟区土壤pH分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(4):830-834.
[23] 林毅,梁颁捷,朱其清.三明烟区土壤pH值与土壤有效养分的相关性[J].烟草科技,2003(6):35-37.
[24] 李龙,姚云峰,秦富仓,等.黄花甸子流域土壤全氮含量空间分布及其影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1306-1312.
[25] 胡忠良,潘根兴,李恋卿,等.贵州喀斯特山区不同植被下土壤C,N,P含量和空间异质性[J].生态学报,2009,29(8):4187-4195.
[26] 李安定.喀斯特地区顶坛花椒林地生态需水过程及造林技术的研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2006.
[27] 张笑培,杨改河,任广鑫,等.黄土高原南部植被恢复对土壤理化性状与土壤酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(6):64-68.
[28] 赵娜,孟平,张劲松,等.华北低丘山地不同退耕年限刺槐人工林土壤质量评价[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(2):351-358.
[29] 钱进芳,吴家森,黄坚钦.生草栽培对山核桃林地土壤养分及微生物多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(15):4324-4332.
[30] 熊康宁,陈永毕,陈起伟,等.点石成金:贵州石漠化防治技术与模式[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2011:14-21.
[31] 李昌兰.喀斯特典型坡耕地土壤养分流失试验研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2016.
[32] Dilly O,Munch J C.Ratios between estimates of microbial biomass content and microbial activity in soils[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1998,27(4):374-379.
[33] 董莉丽,郑粉莉.土地利用类型对土壤微生物量和有机质的影响[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(6):10-15.
[34] 鲍乾,杨瑞,聂朝俊,等.贵州喀斯特高原花江峡谷区不同恢复模式的土壤养分特征[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(8):2094-2102.
[35] 李永强,赵萌莉,韩国栋,等.不同年限草原撂荒地土壤理化特性研究[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(3):61-64,69.
[2] Doran J W,Zeiss M R.Soil health and sustainability:managing the biotic component of soil quality[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2000,15(1):3-11.
[3] 刘占锋,傅伯杰,刘国华,等.土壤质量与土壤质量指标及其评价[J].生态学报,2006,26(3):901-913.
[4] 彭旭东,戴全厚,李昌兰.中国西南喀斯特坡地水土流失/漏失过程与机理研究进展[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(5):1-8.
[5] 张信宝,王世杰,曹建华,等.西南喀斯特山地水土流失特点及有关石漠化的几个科学问题[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(3):274-279.
[6] 张殿发,王世杰,李瑞玲.贵州省喀斯特山区生态环境脆弱性研究[J].地理学与国土研究,2002,18(1):77-79.
[7] 李静鹏,徐明锋,苏志尧,等.不同植被恢复类型的土壤肥力质量评价[J].生态学报,2014,34(9):2297-2307.
[8] 周玮,周运超.花江峡谷喀斯特区土壤质量两种定量评价方法研究[J].中国岩溶,2009,28(3):313-318.
[9] 刘伟玮,刘某承,李文华,等.辽东山区林参复合经营土壤质量评价[J].生态学报,2017,37(8):2631-2641.
[10] 李静鹏,徐明锋,苏志尧,等.不同植被恢复类型的土壤肥力质量评价[J].生态学报,2014,34(9):2297-2307.
[11] 龙健,黄昌勇,李娟.喀斯特山区土地利用方式对土壤质量演变的影响[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(1):76-79.
[12] 陈祖拥,刘方,王世杰,等.喀斯特山区植被退化过程中的土壤质量变化及评价[J].中国岩溶,2016,35(6):639-648.
[13] 庞世龙,欧芷阳,申文辉,等.广西喀斯特地区不同植被恢复模式土壤质量综合评价[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(7):60-66.
[14] 苏跃,刘方,李航,等.喀斯特山区不同土地利用方式下土壤质量变化及其对水环境的影响[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(1):65-68.
[15] 喻阳华,王璐,钟欣平,等.贵州喀斯特山区不同海拔花椒人工林土壤质量评价[J].生态学报,2018,38(21):7850-7858.
[16] 李苇洁,汪廷梅,王桂萍,等.花江喀斯特峡谷区顶坛花椒林生态系统服务功能价值评估[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(2):152-154,161.
[17] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:30-106.
[18] 林启美,吴玉光,刘焕龙.熏蒸法测定土壤微生物量碳的改进[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(2):63-66.
[19] 房全孝.土壤质量评价工具及其应用研究进展[J].土壤通报,2013,44(2):496-504.
[20] 肖杰,熊康宁,顾再柯,等.喀斯特石漠化治理区土壤养分综合评价与对比:以贵州朝营和顶坛小流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):293-299.
[21] 李婕羚,李朝婵,胡继伟,等.典型喀斯特山区无籽刺梨基地土壤质量评价[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):54-60.
[22] 许自成,王林,肖汉乾.湖南烟区土壤pH分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(4):830-834.
[23] 林毅,梁颁捷,朱其清.三明烟区土壤pH值与土壤有效养分的相关性[J].烟草科技,2003(6):35-37.
[24] 李龙,姚云峰,秦富仓,等.黄花甸子流域土壤全氮含量空间分布及其影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1306-1312.
[25] 胡忠良,潘根兴,李恋卿,等.贵州喀斯特山区不同植被下土壤C,N,P含量和空间异质性[J].生态学报,2009,29(8):4187-4195.
[26] 李安定.喀斯特地区顶坛花椒林地生态需水过程及造林技术的研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2006.
[27] 张笑培,杨改河,任广鑫,等.黄土高原南部植被恢复对土壤理化性状与土壤酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(6):64-68.
[28] 赵娜,孟平,张劲松,等.华北低丘山地不同退耕年限刺槐人工林土壤质量评价[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(2):351-358.
[29] 钱进芳,吴家森,黄坚钦.生草栽培对山核桃林地土壤养分及微生物多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(15):4324-4332.
[30] 熊康宁,陈永毕,陈起伟,等.点石成金:贵州石漠化防治技术与模式[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2011:14-21.
[31] 李昌兰.喀斯特典型坡耕地土壤养分流失试验研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2016.
[32] Dilly O,Munch J C.Ratios between estimates of microbial biomass content and microbial activity in soils[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1998,27(4):374-379.
[33] 董莉丽,郑粉莉.土地利用类型对土壤微生物量和有机质的影响[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(6):10-15.
[34] 鲍乾,杨瑞,聂朝俊,等.贵州喀斯特高原花江峡谷区不同恢复模式的土壤养分特征[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(8):2094-2102.
[35] 李永强,赵萌莉,韩国栋,等.不同年限草原撂荒地土壤理化特性研究[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(3):61-64,69.