基于DPSIR-EES-TOPSIS模型的重庆市土地生态安全评价及其时空分异
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摘要
土地生态安全是生态环境保护以及区域生态文明建设的基础。以长江经济带的重要节点重庆市为研究对象,基于DPSIR—EES模型构建区域土地生态安全评价体系,在运用TOPSIS法揭示了重庆市土地生态安全整体变化状况的基础上,通过ESDA—GIS法开展了区域土地生态安全时空分异研究。结果表明:(1) 2009—2016年,重庆市土地生态安全呈现波动上升的趋势,土地生态安全由"敏感级"向"良好级"转变;土地生态安全各子系统整体趋于好转;(2) 2009—2016年,主城区土地生态安全有所退化,而渝西片区、渝东北片区、渝东南片区得以改善;总的来说,土地生态安全"敏感级"和"危险级"集中于主城区和渝西片区,而"临界级"和"良好级"主要分布在渝东北及渝东南片区;(3)重庆市土地生态安全存在较强的空间正相关和聚集性,其"高—高"和"低—低"值区呈现增加趋势,"高—高"和"低—低"值区的分布与自然生态状况、人类活动密切相关。研究结果能为区域的土地生态系统保护与社会经济可持续发展提供参考依据。
Land ecological security is the basis of ecological environmental protection and regional ecological civilization construction. Based on DPSIR—EES model, the evaluation system of regional land ecological security of Chongqing City which is an important node of the Yangtze River Economic Zone is constructed. On the basis of the overall change of land ecological security in Chongqing City diagnosed by TOPSIS method, the spatial and temporal differentiation of regional land ecological security is studied by using ESDA—GIS method. The results show that:(1) the land ecological security of Chongqing City presents the fluctuating upward trend, and changes from ‘sensitive level’ to ‘good level’, and the subsystems of land ecological security tend to improve as a whole from 2009 to 2016;(2) from 2009 to 2016, the land ecological security of the main urban area had deteriorated, while the western, northeastern and southeastern parts of Chongqing City had improved; to be specific, the ‘sensitive level’ and ‘dangerous level’ of land ecological security concentrate in the main urban area and the western part of Chongqing, while the ‘critical level’ and ‘good level’ mainly distribute in the northeastern and southeastern parts of Chongqing City;(3) land ecological security in Chongqing the presents the strong positive spatial correlation and aggregation, and its ‘high—high’ and ‘low—low’ value areas present the increasing trend, and the distribution of the value is closely related to the natural ecological conditions and human activities. The results of this study can provide the reference for the protection of regional land ecosystem and the sustainable development of social economy.
Land ecological security is the basis of ecological environmental protection and regional ecological civilization construction. Based on DPSIR—EES model, the evaluation system of regional land ecological security of Chongqing City which is an important node of the Yangtze River Economic Zone is constructed. On the basis of the overall change of land ecological security in Chongqing City diagnosed by TOPSIS method, the spatial and temporal differentiation of regional land ecological security is studied by using ESDA—GIS method. The results show that:(1) the land ecological security of Chongqing City presents the fluctuating upward trend, and changes from ‘sensitive level’ to ‘good level’, and the subsystems of land ecological security tend to improve as a whole from 2009 to 2016;(2) from 2009 to 2016, the land ecological security of the main urban area had deteriorated, while the western, northeastern and southeastern parts of Chongqing City had improved; to be specific, the ‘sensitive level’ and ‘dangerous level’ of land ecological security concentrate in the main urban area and the western part of Chongqing, while the ‘critical level’ and ‘good level’ mainly distribute in the northeastern and southeastern parts of Chongqing City;(3) land ecological security in Chongqing the presents the strong positive spatial correlation and aggregation, and its ‘high—high’ and ‘low—low’ value areas present the increasing trend, and the distribution of the value is closely related to the natural ecological conditions and human activities. The results of this study can provide the reference for the protection of regional land ecosystem and the sustainable development of social economy.
引文
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[18] 祝培甜,赵中秋,陈勇,等.基于三角模型的土地生态安全动态评价:以西安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):244-248.
[19] 王雪,杨庆媛,何春燕,等.基于P—S—R模型的生态涵养发展型区域土地生态安全评价:以重庆市丰都县为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(3):169-175.
[20] 胡志仁,龚建周,李天翔,等.珠江三角洲城市群生态安全评价及态势分析[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(2):304-312.
[21] 柳思,张军,田丰,等.2005—2014年疏勒河流域土地生态安全评价[J].生态科学,2018,37(3):114-122.
[22] 张茹,戴文婷,刘兆顺,等.我国北方农牧交错区土地生态安全评价:以白城市为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):259-266.
[23] 丁新原,周智彬,马守臣,等.矿粮复合区土地生态安全评价:以焦作市为例[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(6):1067-1075.
[24] 徐美,朱翔,李静芝.基于DPSIR—TOPSIS模型的湖南省土地生态安全评价[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(5):1265-1272.
[25] 曹瑀,王燕辉,张立强,等.基于PSR模型的耕地生态安全时空分异特征研究:以河北省沧州市为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):290-295,302.
[26] 李晓庆,姜博,初楠臣.城市群土地集约利用与新型城镇化耦合协调分析:以我国三大城市群为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(7):983-991.
[27] 董捷,陈星,张安录.基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群土地集约利用空间差异研究[J].华中农业大学学报:社会科学版,2017(6):110-117,152.
[2] 李昊,李世平,银敏华.中国土地生态安全研究进展与展望[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(9):50-56.
[3] 李智国,杨子生.中国土地生态安全研究进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2007,17(12):5-12.
[4] 马世五,谢德体,张孝成,等.三峡库区生态敏感区土地生态安全预警测度与时空演变:以重庆市万州区为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8227-8240.
[5] 于海洋,张飞,曹雷,等.基于乡镇尺度的土地生态安全时空格局评价研究:以博尔塔拉蒙古自治州为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(19):6355-6369.
[6] Jeffrey E Herrick.Soil quality:an indicator of sustainable land management[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2000,15(1):75-83.
[7] Goldstein J H,Caldarone G,Duarte T K,et al.Integrating ecosystem-service tradeoffs into land-use decisions[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2012,109(19):7565-7570.
[8] Bhagabati N K,Ricketts T,Sulistyawan T B S,et al.Ecosystem services reinforce Sumatran tiger conservation in land use plans[J].Biological Conservation,2014,169(387):147-156.
[9] 李洁,赵锐锋,梁丹,等.兰州市城市土地生态安全评价与时空动态研究[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(2):151-157.
[10] 焦红,汪洋.基于PSR模型的佳木斯市土地生态安全综合评价[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(11):29-36.
[11] 张凤太,王腊春,苏维词.基于物元分析—DPSIR概念模型的重庆土地生态安全评价[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(10):3126-3134.
[12] 何刚,王雯雯,夏业领,等.基于正态云模型的区域生态安全评价[J].安全与环境学报,2018,18(2):807-813.
[13] 陈伊多,杨庆媛,杨人豪,等.基于熵权物元模型的土地生态安全评价:重庆市江津区实证[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(1):185-194.
[14] 王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):168-172.
[15] 苏正国,李冠,陈莎,等.基于突变级数法的土地生态安全评价及其影响因素研究:以广西壮族自治区为例[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(4):142-149,161.
[16] 黄海,刘长城,陈春.基于生态足迹的土地生态安全评价研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):193-196,201.
[17] 李昊,南灵,李世平.基于面板数据聚类分析的土地生态安全评价研究:以陕西省为例[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(6):136-141.
[18] 祝培甜,赵中秋,陈勇,等.基于三角模型的土地生态安全动态评价:以西安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):244-248.
[19] 王雪,杨庆媛,何春燕,等.基于P—S—R模型的生态涵养发展型区域土地生态安全评价:以重庆市丰都县为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(3):169-175.
[20] 胡志仁,龚建周,李天翔,等.珠江三角洲城市群生态安全评价及态势分析[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(2):304-312.
[21] 柳思,张军,田丰,等.2005—2014年疏勒河流域土地生态安全评价[J].生态科学,2018,37(3):114-122.
[22] 张茹,戴文婷,刘兆顺,等.我国北方农牧交错区土地生态安全评价:以白城市为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):259-266.
[23] 丁新原,周智彬,马守臣,等.矿粮复合区土地生态安全评价:以焦作市为例[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(6):1067-1075.
[24] 徐美,朱翔,李静芝.基于DPSIR—TOPSIS模型的湖南省土地生态安全评价[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(5):1265-1272.
[25] 曹瑀,王燕辉,张立强,等.基于PSR模型的耕地生态安全时空分异特征研究:以河北省沧州市为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):290-295,302.
[26] 李晓庆,姜博,初楠臣.城市群土地集约利用与新型城镇化耦合协调分析:以我国三大城市群为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(7):983-991.
[27] 董捷,陈星,张安录.基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群土地集约利用空间差异研究[J].华中农业大学学报:社会科学版,2017(6):110-117,152.