PEG引发种子对干旱逆境下甜玉米萌发及幼苗生长的生理调节
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摘要
[目的]探究PEG引发种子对干旱胁迫下甜玉米出苗和幼苗形态建成的影响,揭示探究PEG引发种子对高粱的调控机理。[方法]试验采用盆栽试验,将PEG引发的甜玉米种子(金冠218)在土壤最适含水量的100%(CK)、80%、60%和40%供水下的种子萌发参数及幼苗生理特性进行了研究。[结果]PEG引发种子可增强甜玉米种子对干旱胁迫的抵御能力,显著增强干旱胁迫下种子的萌发能力,提高发芽率。另外,PEG引发种子处理可减少干旱胁迫下幼苗叶片叶绿素含量的下降、促进光合作用。在渗透调节方面,PEG引发种子幼苗叶片脯氨酸(P值=0.001~(**))、游离氨基酸(P值=0.002~(**))和电导率(P值=0.003~(**))在干旱胁迫下差异显著性较大;PEG引发种子对SOD、CAT在播种后6～12天的差异显著性更大,同时可减缓O~(2-)的增加幅度。[结论]总体而言,PEG引发种子可作为甜玉米抗旱栽培的重要技术参考。
[Objective]The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of PEG-induced seeds on the emergence and seedling development of sweet corn(Zea mays L),and to reveal the mechanism of PEG-induced sorghumseed regulationunder drought stress.[Methods]Sweet cornseeds var.Golden Crown 218 were induced by 20% PEG 8000 solution,and pot experiments were conducted.Plants were irrigated at four levels as drought stress,including 100%of the filed soil optimal water capacity(30%)as control group,80%,60%,and 40%as drought treatments.Seed germination rates and parameters of physiological characteristics of seedlings were measured.[Results]The results indicated that the resistance of PEG induced seeds to drought stress was enhanced due to the improved germination ability and increased germination rate.In addition,leaf photosynthesis rate of PEG treated seeds was promoted under drought stress compared to non-PEG treated groups.In terms of osmotic adjustment,the proline(P-value = 0.001~(**)),free amino acid P-value =0.002~(**))and conductivity(F value =0.003~(**))of seedling leaves with PEG-induced seeds were significantly different from non-PEG treatments under drought stress.The activities of both SOD and CAT in PEG treatments demonstrated the extremely significant difference from nontreated groups between 6 to 12 days after sowing under all different drought stress levels,with the declined increasing rate of O~(2-).[Conclusion]In conclusion,seed priming with PEG could be used as an important strategy for drought tolerant cultivation of sweet corn in the field.
[Objective]The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of PEG-induced seeds on the emergence and seedling development of sweet corn(Zea mays L),and to reveal the mechanism of PEG-induced sorghumseed regulationunder drought stress.[Methods]Sweet cornseeds var.Golden Crown 218 were induced by 20% PEG 8000 solution,and pot experiments were conducted.Plants were irrigated at four levels as drought stress,including 100%of the filed soil optimal water capacity(30%)as control group,80%,60%,and 40%as drought treatments.Seed germination rates and parameters of physiological characteristics of seedlings were measured.[Results]The results indicated that the resistance of PEG induced seeds to drought stress was enhanced due to the improved germination ability and increased germination rate.In addition,leaf photosynthesis rate of PEG treated seeds was promoted under drought stress compared to non-PEG treated groups.In terms of osmotic adjustment,the proline(P-value = 0.001~(**)),free amino acid P-value =0.002~(**))and conductivity(F value =0.003~(**))of seedling leaves with PEG-induced seeds were significantly different from non-PEG treatments under drought stress.The activities of both SOD and CAT in PEG treatments demonstrated the extremely significant difference from nontreated groups between 6 to 12 days after sowing under all different drought stress levels,with the declined increasing rate of O~(2-).[Conclusion]In conclusion,seed priming with PEG could be used as an important strategy for drought tolerant cultivation of sweet corn in the field.
引文
[1]朱志明,许兴,毛桂莲.不同玉米自交系幼苗对水分胁迫的响应及其耐旱性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(2):176-185.
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[4]李余良,郑锦荣,胡建广,等.水分胁迫对甜玉米主要农艺性状及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(9):217-221.
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[6]张飞,王艳秋,朱凯,等.聚乙二醇引发种子对高粱芽苗耐水分亏缺的生理调节[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(5):39-47.
[7]孙丽娟,赵志宏,贺娟,等.我国鲜食玉米相关标准问题分析及对策[J].作物杂志,2019(2):46-50.
[8]路振广,邱新强,张明智,等.干旱胁迫对夏玉米叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].节水灌溉,2019(2):34-42.
[9]郭艳阳,刘佳,朱亚利,等.玉米叶片光合和抗氧化酶活性对干旱胁迫的响应[J].植物生理学报,2018,54(12):1839-1846.
[10]卢金.外源H2O2处理对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生理生化特性的影响[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2012.
[11]张宪政.作物生理研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1992:21-29.
[12]黄婷婷,牛志浩,丁振山,等.水杨酸对玉米种子萌发早期耐旱性的影响[J].种子,2017,36(2):33-37.
[13]Gao Y-P,Young L,Bonham-Smith P,et al.Characterization and expression of plasma and tonoplast membrane aquaporins in primed seed of Brassica napus during germination under stress conditions.Plant Molecular Biology[J].1999,40(4):635-644.
[14]徐文强,杨祁峰,牛俊义,等.温度与土壤水分对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的影响[J].玉米科学,2013,21(1):69-74.
[15]段民孝,刘新香,张华生,等.我国玉米地方种质的单倍体引发和加倍特性研究[J].种子,2017,36(6):30-34.
[2]张姣,吴奇,周宇飞,等.苗期和灌浆期干旱-复水对高粱光合特性和物质生产的影响[J].作物杂志,2018(3):148-154.
[3]解芳,翟国伟,邹桂花,等.干旱胁迫对高粱苗期抗旱生理特性的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(5):753-757.
[4]李余良,郑锦荣,胡建广,等.水分胁迫对甜玉米主要农艺性状及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(9):217-221.
[5]张海艳,赵延明.特用玉米种子沙引发处理对其萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响[J].玉米科学,2012,20(2):92-94,98.
[6]张飞,王艳秋,朱凯,等.聚乙二醇引发种子对高粱芽苗耐水分亏缺的生理调节[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(5):39-47.
[7]孙丽娟,赵志宏,贺娟,等.我国鲜食玉米相关标准问题分析及对策[J].作物杂志,2019(2):46-50.
[8]路振广,邱新强,张明智,等.干旱胁迫对夏玉米叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].节水灌溉,2019(2):34-42.
[9]郭艳阳,刘佳,朱亚利,等.玉米叶片光合和抗氧化酶活性对干旱胁迫的响应[J].植物生理学报,2018,54(12):1839-1846.
[10]卢金.外源H2O2处理对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生理生化特性的影响[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2012.
[11]张宪政.作物生理研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1992:21-29.
[12]黄婷婷,牛志浩,丁振山,等.水杨酸对玉米种子萌发早期耐旱性的影响[J].种子,2017,36(2):33-37.
[13]Gao Y-P,Young L,Bonham-Smith P,et al.Characterization and expression of plasma and tonoplast membrane aquaporins in primed seed of Brassica napus during germination under stress conditions.Plant Molecular Biology[J].1999,40(4):635-644.
[14]徐文强,杨祁峰,牛俊义,等.温度与土壤水分对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的影响[J].玉米科学,2013,21(1):69-74.
[15]段民孝,刘新香,张华生,等.我国玉米地方种质的单倍体引发和加倍特性研究[J].种子,2017,36(6):30-34.
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