石家庄市2017年农村居民燃煤散烧排放量估算
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摘要
利用2017年10月高分二号(GF-2) 0. 8 m级高分辨率遥感数据和地理国情数据获取石家庄市农村居民的房屋面积和分布,结合采暖面积、燃煤量抽样调查等手段,估算得到了石家庄市2017年农村居民燃煤总量,采用环保部指南推荐的排放因子测算了居民燃煤产生的SO_2、NO_x、CO和PM_(2. 5)等污染物排放量,为科学制订石家庄市清洁取暖方案提供基础数据。结果表明:石家庄市2017年农村居民散烧燃煤量约为214万吨,其中燃煤量最大的是赵县,约29万吨,其次是无极县,约26万吨。居民散烧产生的SO_2、NO_x和PM_(2. 5)等大气污染物排放强度从西到东呈现逐渐增加的趋势,可从东向西逐步推进清洁能源替代,其中无极和赵县因燃煤量大、燃煤结构中原煤占比高,排放量远高于其他区县,可优先部署"双代"工作;位于西部山区的平山、井陉和赞皇西部地区则应继续推广清洁型煤的使用。
The area and distribution of rural residents houses in Shijiazhuang City were obtained by using high resolution remote sensing data of 0. 8 m grade of GF-2 in October 2017 and geographic data. The total amount of coal burned by rural residents in Shijiazhuang City in 2017 was estimated by means of sampling survey of coal consumption for per unit of heating area. The emission factor recommended by the Ministry of Environmental Protection was adopted. Based on the above data,the emission of SO_2,NO_x,CO and PM_(2. 5) pollutants were calculated which provided basic data for clean heating scheme in Shijiazhuang. The results show that the amount of coal burned by rural residents in Shijiazhuang City in 2017 was about 2. 14 million tons,of which Zhao County had the largest amount of coal burned,about 290 000 tons,followed by Wuji County,about 260 000 tons. The emission intensity of air pollutants showed an increasing trend gradually from west to east,indicating that the clean energy substitution could be promoted gradually from east to west. As Wuji county and Zhao county had higher emission than other districts and counties because of their large coal-burning quantity and high proportion of raw coal in coal-burning structure,the highest priority of clean energy substitution should be given to Wuji and Zhao. In the western mountainous areas of Pingshan,Jingxing and Zanhuang,the use of clean briquette coal should continue to be promoted.
The area and distribution of rural residents houses in Shijiazhuang City were obtained by using high resolution remote sensing data of 0. 8 m grade of GF-2 in October 2017 and geographic data. The total amount of coal burned by rural residents in Shijiazhuang City in 2017 was estimated by means of sampling survey of coal consumption for per unit of heating area. The emission factor recommended by the Ministry of Environmental Protection was adopted. Based on the above data,the emission of SO_2,NO_x,CO and PM_(2. 5) pollutants were calculated which provided basic data for clean heating scheme in Shijiazhuang. The results show that the amount of coal burned by rural residents in Shijiazhuang City in 2017 was about 2. 14 million tons,of which Zhao County had the largest amount of coal burned,about 290 000 tons,followed by Wuji County,about 260 000 tons. The emission intensity of air pollutants showed an increasing trend gradually from west to east,indicating that the clean energy substitution could be promoted gradually from east to west. As Wuji county and Zhao county had higher emission than other districts and counties because of their large coal-burning quantity and high proportion of raw coal in coal-burning structure,the highest priority of clean energy substitution should be given to Wuji and Zhao. In the western mountainous areas of Pingshan,Jingxing and Zanhuang,the use of clean briquette coal should continue to be promoted.
引文
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13赵文慧,徐谦,李令军,等.北京平原区城乡结合部燃煤散烧及污染物排放量估算[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(6):869-876Zhao Wenhui,Xu Qian,Li Lingjun,et al.Estimation of air pollutant emissions from coal burning in the semirural areas of Beijing plain[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(6):869-876
14中华人民共和国生态环境部.《民用煤大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)》[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)[2018-11-28]http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201610/t20161031_366528.htm,2016-10-26Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China.Technical guidebook for the emission inventory of air pollutants from residential coal combustion(trial)[EB/OL].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201610/t20161031_366528.htm,2016-10-26
2赵文慧,姜磊,张立坤,等.北京平原区平房冬季燃煤量及污染物排放估算[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(3):859-867Zhao Wenhui,Jiang Lei,Zhang Likun,et al.Estimation of coal consumption and related contamination emission in the plain area around Beijing during winter season[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(3):859-867
3钟连红,刘晓,李志凯,等.北京居民生活用煤大气污染控制思路与对策[J].环境保护,2015,43(3):77-78Zhong Lianhong,Liu Xiao,Li Zhikai,et al.The thoughts and control countermeasures of air pollution caused by coal products consuming from Beijing residents[J].Environmental Protection,2015,43(3):77-78
4王春兰,许诚,徐钢,等.京津冀地区天然气和热泵替代燃煤供暖研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(11):4363-4370Wang Chunlan,Xu Cheng,Xu Gang,et al.Studies on replacing coal with natural gas and heat pump for heating in Jing-Jin-Ji region[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(11):4363-4370
5贺晋瑜,燕丽,雷宇,等.京津冀地区燃煤锅炉PM2.5减排潜力分析[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(4):1247-1253He Jinyu,Yan Li,Lei Yu,et al.PM2.5emissions reduction potential from coal-fired boilers in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(4):1247-1253
6马丽萍,曹国良,郝国朝.陕西省民用散煤燃烧颗粒物排放因子测定及分析[J].环境工程,2018,36(10):161-164Ma Liping,Cao Guoliang,Hao Guozhao.Measurement and analysis of emission factors of particle from residential coal combustion for Shaanxi Province[J].Environmental Engineering,2018,36(10):161-164
7 Zhi G R,Chen Y J,Feng Y L,et al.Emission characteristics of carbonaceous particles from various residential coal-stoves in China[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2008,42(9):3310-3315
8 Chen Y J,Sheng G Y,Bi X H,et al.Emission factors for carbonaceous particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from residential coal combustion in China[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2005,39:1861-1867
9支国瑞,杨俊超,张涛,等.我国北方农村生活燃煤情况调查、排放估算及政策启示[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(8):1179-1185Zhi Guorui,Yang Junchao,Zhang Tao,et al.Rural household coal use survey,emission estimation and policy implications[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(8):1179-1185
10王文彬.大气污染物面源排放清单研究---以徐州市为例[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2016Wang Wenbin.Research on area source emission inventory of air pollution-A case study for Xuzhou[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2016
11翟一然,王勤耕,宋媛媛.长江三角洲地区能源消费大气污染物排放特征[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(9):1574-1582Zhai Yiran,Wang Qingeng,Song Yuanyuan.Air pollutant emissions from energy consumptions in the Yangtze River Delta region[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(9):1574-1582
12牛宏宏,王宝庆,刘博薇,等.乌鲁木齐市散煤燃烧大气污染物排放清单及时空分布特征[J/OL].环境科学研究:2018-01-10[2018-11-26].https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2018.09.18Niu Honghong,Wang Baoqing,Liu Bowei,et al.Emission inventory and temporal-spatial distribution of air pollutants from residential coal combustion in Urumqi city[J/OL].Research of Environmental Sciences:(2018-01-10)[2018-11-26].https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2018.09.18
13赵文慧,徐谦,李令军,等.北京平原区城乡结合部燃煤散烧及污染物排放量估算[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(6):869-876Zhao Wenhui,Xu Qian,Li Lingjun,et al.Estimation of air pollutant emissions from coal burning in the semirural areas of Beijing plain[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(6):869-876
14中华人民共和国生态环境部.《民用煤大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)》[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)[2018-11-28]http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201610/t20161031_366528.htm,2016-10-26Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China.Technical guidebook for the emission inventory of air pollutants from residential coal combustion(trial)[EB/OL].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201610/t20161031_366528.htm,2016-10-26
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