采用草酸和EDTA去除农田土壤中砷和镉污染
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摘要
以湖南、广西某As和Cd污染土壤为研究对象,以草酸和EDTA为淋洗剂,研究其在污染土壤样品中的淋洗情况,探讨淋洗剂浓度、淋洗温度对淋洗效果的影响。结果表明:淋洗剂为0. 3 mol/L的草酸对As淋洗率最好,洗脱率达到90%; 0. 02 mol/L EDTA对Cd淋洗率最好,洗脱率达到70%;采用正交实验探讨了草酸和EDTA联合对土壤样品淋洗效果的影响,草酸和EDTA组合淋洗As和Cd的洗脱率分别为80%和50%。草酸和EDTA单一淋洗效果优于组合淋洗,草酸和EDTA在土壤重金属淋洗过程中存在拮抗作用。
The soil contaminated by heavy metals such as Cd and As in Hunan and Guangxi Province in China was used as a research object; oxalic acid and EDTA respectively served as eluents for the oscillatory leaching of contaminated soil samples.The influence of concentration of the eluents and leaching temperature on leaching effect was discussed. The results showed that the elution rate of oxalic acid with the concentration of 0. 3 mol/L as the eluent was the best for As,reaching 90% and the elution rate of EDTA with the concentration of 0. 02 mol/L was the best for Cd,up to 70%. The influence ofoxalic acid combined with EDTA on the leaching effect of soil samples was studied by an orthogonal test. The elution rates of oxalic acid combined with EDTA for As and Cd were respectively 80% and 50%. The single leaching effect of oxalic acid and EDTA was superior to the combined leaching. Oxalic acid and EDTA showed antagonism in the leaching process of heavy metals in the soil.
The soil contaminated by heavy metals such as Cd and As in Hunan and Guangxi Province in China was used as a research object; oxalic acid and EDTA respectively served as eluents for the oscillatory leaching of contaminated soil samples.The influence of concentration of the eluents and leaching temperature on leaching effect was discussed. The results showed that the elution rate of oxalic acid with the concentration of 0. 3 mol/L as the eluent was the best for As,reaching 90% and the elution rate of EDTA with the concentration of 0. 02 mol/L was the best for Cd,up to 70%. The influence ofoxalic acid combined with EDTA on the leaching effect of soil samples was studied by an orthogonal test. The elution rates of oxalic acid combined with EDTA for As and Cd were respectively 80% and 50%. The single leaching effect of oxalic acid and EDTA was superior to the combined leaching. Oxalic acid and EDTA showed antagonism in the leaching process of heavy metals in the soil.
引文
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[20] Li S,Li Y,Shi J,et al. Optimizing the formulation of external-soil spray seeding with sludge using the orthogonal test method for slope ecological protection[J]. Ecological Engineering,2017,102:527-535.
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[22]董汉英,仇荣亮,赵芝灏,等.工业废弃地多金属污染土壤组合淋洗修复技术研究[J].土壤学报,2010,47(6):1126-1133.
[23]甘文君,何跃,张孝飞,等.电镀厂污染土壤重金属形态及淋洗去除效果[J].生态与农村环境学报,2012,28(1):82-87.
[24]陈寻峰,李小明,陈灿,等.砷污染土壤复合淋洗修复技术研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1147-1155.
[25]陆泗进,王业耀,何立环.湖南省某地农田土壤重金属生态风险评价研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(12):100-105,117.
[2]赵铭.土壤重金属污染现状、原因、危害及修复研究[J].资源节约与环保,2016(4):181,184.
[3] Liao X,Li Y,Yan X. Removal of heavy metals and arsenic from a co-contaminated soil by sieving combined with washing process[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2016,41:202-210.
[4] Buj I,Torras J,Rovira M,et al. Leaching behaviour of magnesium phosphate cements containing high quantities of heavy metals[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,175(1/3):789-794.
[5]杨虹,王柯菲.重金属污染场地土壤修复技术初探[J].环境保护与循环经济,2016(1):58-61,75.
[6] Xue S G,Shi L Z,Wu C,et al. Cadmium,lead,and arsenic contamination in paddy soils of a mining area and their exposure effects on human HEPG2 and keratinocyte cell-lines[J].Environmental Research,2017,156:23-30.
[7] Grüter R,Costerousse B,Bertoni A,et al. Green manure and long-term fertilization effects on soil zinc and cadmium availability and uptake by wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)at different growth stages[J]. Science of The Total Environment,2017,599/600:1330-1343.
[8] Carroll C R,Noonan C,Garroutte E M,et al. Low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological functioning in American Indian elders[J]. Environmental Research,2017,156:74-79.
[9] Chen T,Chang Q,Clevers J G P W,et al. Rapid identification of soil cadmium pollution risk at regional scale based on visible and near-infrared spectroscopy[J]. Environmental Pollution,2015,206:217-226.
[10]吴烈善,吕宏虹,苏翠翠,等.环境友好型淋洗剂对重金属污染土壤的修复效果[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(10):4486-4491.
[11]李艳梅,雷梅,陈同斌,等.利用淋洗剂淋洗修复钢铁厂重金属污染土壤的试验研究(英文)[A]∥2011污染场地修复产业国际论坛暨重庆市环境科学学会第九届学术年会[C].重庆,2011:9.
[12] Xue S, Shi L, Wu C, et al. Cadmium, lead, and arsenic contamination in paddy soils of a mining area and their exposure effects on human HEPG2 and keratinocyte cell-lines[J].Environmental Research,2017,156:23-30.
[13]环境保护部.土壤有机碳的测定重铬酸钾氧化-分光光度法:HJ 615—2011[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2011.
[14]祝红.超声波-表面活性剂异位淋洗修复柴油污染土壤实验研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2016.
[15]王国莉,陈孟君,范红英,等.四种土壤重金属形态分析方法的对比研究[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(11):1977-1983.
[16] Dong M F,Feng R W,Wang R G,et al. Inoculation of Fe/Mnoxidizing bacteria enhances Fe/Mn plaque formation and reduces Cd and As accumulation in Rice Plant tissues. Plant and Soil,2016,1:75-78.
[17]可欣,张昀,李培军,等.利用酒石酸土柱淋洗法修复重金属污染土壤[J].深圳大学学报(理工版),2009,26(3):240-245.
[18]蔡自兴,江中央,王勇,等.一种新的基于正交实验设计的约束优化进化算法[J].计算机学报,2010,33(5):855-864.
[19]黄川,李柳,黄珊,等.重金属污染土壤的草酸和EDTA混合淋洗研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3480-3486.
[20] Li S,Li Y,Shi J,et al. Optimizing the formulation of external-soil spray seeding with sludge using the orthogonal test method for slope ecological protection[J]. Ecological Engineering,2017,102:527-535.
[21]李玉双,胡晓钧,孙铁珩,等.污染土壤淋洗修复技术研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(3):596-602.
[22]董汉英,仇荣亮,赵芝灏,等.工业废弃地多金属污染土壤组合淋洗修复技术研究[J].土壤学报,2010,47(6):1126-1133.
[23]甘文君,何跃,张孝飞,等.电镀厂污染土壤重金属形态及淋洗去除效果[J].生态与农村环境学报,2012,28(1):82-87.
[24]陈寻峰,李小明,陈灿,等.砷污染土壤复合淋洗修复技术研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1147-1155.
[25]陆泗进,王业耀,何立环.湖南省某地农田土壤重金属生态风险评价研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(12):100-105,117.
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