Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2的制备及光催化制取氢气和烷烃的研究
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摘要
文章采用水热法两步制备了Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2复合光催化剂,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射仪(UV-vis DRS)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对所制得的光催化剂进行了分析和表征。表征结果表明:在复合光催化剂中TiO_2呈不规划的薄片状,Cu_2O和Eu_2O_3不均匀分散在薄片上;以乙酸为牺牲剂,考察不同Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2复合光催化剂的光催化产生氢气和烷烃的性能,实验结果表明:光催化的气体产物中氢气和烷烃比例随催化剂种类的改变而改变;20.7%Cu_2O/6%Eu_2O_3-TiO_2复合光催化剂产氢气和烷烃的性能最佳;20.7%Cu_2O/6%Eu_2O_3-TiO_2光催化乙酸的特征气体产物是氢气、甲烷、乙烷。
Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composites are synthesized through a two-steps hydrothermal method. The crystal structure and morphology of the as-prepared product were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-vis DRS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). In Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composite, TiO_2 is of lamellar structure, unevenly dispersed by Cu_2O and Eu_2O_3 nanoparticles. Using acetic acid as sacrificial agent, the photocatalytic activity for production of hydrogen and alkanes over different Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composites have been investigated. The experimental results show that the distributions of hydrogen and alkanes in gaseous products depend on kinds of photocatalysts. 20.7% Cu_2O/6% Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 photocatalyst exhibits the best performance for photocatalytic production of hydrogen and alkanes. The characteristic gaseous products of photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid over 20.7% Cu_2O/6% Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composites are hydrogen gas, methane and ethane.
Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composites are synthesized through a two-steps hydrothermal method. The crystal structure and morphology of the as-prepared product were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-vis DRS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). In Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composite, TiO_2 is of lamellar structure, unevenly dispersed by Cu_2O and Eu_2O_3 nanoparticles. Using acetic acid as sacrificial agent, the photocatalytic activity for production of hydrogen and alkanes over different Cu_2O/Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composites have been investigated. The experimental results show that the distributions of hydrogen and alkanes in gaseous products depend on kinds of photocatalysts. 20.7% Cu_2O/6% Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 photocatalyst exhibits the best performance for photocatalytic production of hydrogen and alkanes. The characteristic gaseous products of photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid over 20.7% Cu_2O/6% Eu_2O_3-TiO_2 composites are hydrogen gas, methane and ethane.
引文
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[3]Fujishima A,Honda K.Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode[J].Nature,1972,238(5358):37-38.
[4]耿静漪,朱新生,杜玉扣.TiO2-石墨烯光催化剂:制备及引入石墨烯的方法对光催化性能的影响[J].无机化学学报,2012,28(2):357-361.Geng Jingyi,Zhu Xinsheng,Du Yukou.TiO2-graphene photocatalyst:preparation and effect of the introducation of graphene on photocatalytic performance[J].Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry,2012,28(2):357-361.
[5]Weng X,Zeng Q,Zhang Y,et al.A facile approach for the syntheses of ultrafine TiO2nano-crystallites with defects and c heterojunction for photocatalytic water splitting[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2016,4(8):4314-4320.
[6]Hou Y F,Liu S J,Zhang J,et al.Facile hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2-Bi2WO6hollow superstructures with excellent photocatalysis and recycle properties[J].Dalton Transactions,2014,43(3):1025-1031.
[7]陈芳芳,卞祖强,黄春辉.铕配合物电致发光研究进展[J].中国稀土学报,2007,25(4):385-395.Chen Fangfang,Bian Zuqiang,Huang Chunhui.Progress in electroluminescence based on europium(Ⅲ)complexes[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2007,25(4):385-395.
[8]Wu G,Zhang L,Cheng B,et al.Synthesis of Eu2O3nanotube arrays through a facile sol-gel template approach[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2004,126(19):5976-5987.
[9]Bazzi R,Flores M A,Louis C,et al.Synthesis and properties of europium-based phosphors on the nanometer scale:Eu2O3,Gd2O3:Eu,and Y2O3:Eu[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2004,273(1):191-197.
[10]Kaur,Manveen,Verma,et al.Structural and optical properties of Eu2O3coated TiO2nanoparticles and their application for dye sensitized solar cell[J].Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics,2013,24(4):1121-1127.
[11]Wang M,Sun L,Lin Z,et al.p-n heterojunction photoelectrodes composed of Cu2O-loaded TiO2nanotube arrays with enhanced photoelectrochemical and photoelectrocatalytic activities[J].Energy&Environmental Science,2013,6(4):1211-1220.
[12]Liu L,Ding L,Liu Y,et al.Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity by Cu2O-coupled flower-like Bi2WO6structures[J].Applied Surface Science,2016,364:505-515.
[13]Chen J,Shen S,Guo P,et al.In-situ reduction synthesis of nano-sized Cu2O particles modifying g-C3N4for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2014,152:335-341.
[14]Zhu J,Ren J,Huo Y,et al.Nanocrystalline Fe/TiO2visible photocatalyst with a mesoporous structure prepared via a nonhydrolytic sol-gel route[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry,2007,111(51):18965-18969.
[15]Ming L J,Ng K H,Kadir H A,et al.Bilayer n-WO3/p-Cu2Ophotoelectrode with photocurrent enhancement in aqueous electrolyte photoelectrochemical reaction[J].Ceramics International,2014,40(10):16015-16021.
[16]许雪棠,苏海艳,余柳慧,等.Eu掺杂BiVO4微纳米材料的制备及其光催化性能[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(5):61-65.Xu Xuetang,Su Haiyan,Yu Liuhui,et al.Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Eu-doped BiVO4micro-nano material[J].Inorganic Chemicals Industry,2016,48(5):61-65.
[17]Gao Y,Wang L,Zhou A,et al.Hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2/Ti3C2,nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity[J].Materials Letters,2015,150:62-64.
[18]Yang L,Luo S,Li Y,et al.High efficient photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol on a unique Cu2O/TiO2p-n heterojunction network catalyst[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2010,44(19):7641-7646.
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