空心莲子草入侵对豫南草本植物群落多样性及稳定性的影响
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摘要
为探讨空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)入侵对豫南草本植物群落的影响,在河南省信阳市境内设置20个入侵样地和20个对照样地,运用数理统计及数量生态学方法研究了入侵、对照群落物种结构特征的差异,以及空心莲子草形态特征、生物量与群落物种多样性和稳定性的耦合关系,以期为入侵防治及本土生物多样性保护提供依据。结果显示,1)对照群落的4个α-物种多样性指数及其物种DCA排序均匀程度均高于入侵群落。2)随着空心莲子草入侵盖度的增加,Shannon-Wiener指数(R2=0.569,P=0.001)和Simpson指数(R2=0.749,P <0.001)呈现"先上升后下降"的趋势。3)Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数及Pielou指数与空心莲子草生物量之间呈显著的负向拟合关系。4)入侵群落稳定性随空心莲子草相对高度的增加而上升、随空心莲子草根冠比及Pielou指数的增加而下降。研究表明,空心莲子草入侵显著削弱豫南草本物种多样性并导致本土植物群落稳定性遭受破坏,应制定合理的防治措施以遏制其入侵蔓延。
To explore the influence of Alternanthera philoxeroides invasion on herbaceous plant communities in southern Henan Province, we set up 20 invaded plots and 20 control plots in Xinyang City. Using mathematical statistics and quantitative ecological methods, we studied the differences in species structure between invaded and control communities, as well as the coupling relationships among morphological characteristics, biomass of A. philoxeroides, species diversity, and community stability, which could provide references for biological control and native biodiversity protection. The results were as follows: 1) Four α-species diversity indices and species distribution uniformity of DCA ordination of the invaded community were all higher than those for the control community. 2) As A. philoxeroides coverage increased, the ShannonWiener(R2 = 0.569,P = 0.001) and Simpson(R2 = 0.749,P < 0.001) diversity index all showed a significant binomial trend. 3) Simpson, Shannon-Wiener index, and the Pielou evenness index all had a significant negative regression relationship with A. philoxeroides biomass. 4) The invaded community stability rose with the increase in A. philoxeroides relative height, whereas it declined with the A. philoxeroides root-shoot ratio and the Pielou index increased. Our study indicated that the A. philoxeroides invasion seriously decreased the herbaceous species diversity and destroyed the stability of the native plant community in southern Henan Province; thus, we should develop effective control measures for preventing the spread of the invasion.
To explore the influence of Alternanthera philoxeroides invasion on herbaceous plant communities in southern Henan Province, we set up 20 invaded plots and 20 control plots in Xinyang City. Using mathematical statistics and quantitative ecological methods, we studied the differences in species structure between invaded and control communities, as well as the coupling relationships among morphological characteristics, biomass of A. philoxeroides, species diversity, and community stability, which could provide references for biological control and native biodiversity protection. The results were as follows: 1) Four α-species diversity indices and species distribution uniformity of DCA ordination of the invaded community were all higher than those for the control community. 2) As A. philoxeroides coverage increased, the ShannonWiener(R2 = 0.569,P = 0.001) and Simpson(R2 = 0.749,P < 0.001) diversity index all showed a significant binomial trend. 3) Simpson, Shannon-Wiener index, and the Pielou evenness index all had a significant negative regression relationship with A. philoxeroides biomass. 4) The invaded community stability rose with the increase in A. philoxeroides relative height, whereas it declined with the A. philoxeroides root-shoot ratio and the Pielou index increased. Our study indicated that the A. philoxeroides invasion seriously decreased the herbaceous species diversity and destroyed the stability of the native plant community in southern Henan Province; thus, we should develop effective control measures for preventing the spread of the invasion.
引文
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[17]高芳磊,郭素民,闫明,李钧敏,于飞海.不同生境下空心莲子草响应模拟昆虫采食的生长和化学防御策略.生态学报,2018,38(7):1-9.GAO F L,GUO S M,YAN M,LI J M,YU F H.Effects of simulated insect herbivory on the growth and chemical defense of Alternanthera philoxeroides in different habitats.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(7):1-9.
[18]王鹏飞,范艳华,戴启金.河南省信阳市园林植物多样性及其应用.中国农学通报,2010,26(23):238-243.WANG P F,FAN Y H,DAI Q J.Study on the diversity and application of landscape plants in Xinyang City.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(23):238-243.
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