城市湖泊有机质氮同位素差异及其对水污染的指示作用分析
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摘要
如何对湖泊生态环境修复效果进行评价是当前湖泊生态修复工作的难点所在,以武汉市内不同修复状态湖泊为研究对象,通过分析湖泊水体营养盐浓度、水质类别、综合营养状态指数TLI(Σ)与湖泊不同有机质δ~(15)N的关系,探讨以水体中某一有机质δ~(15)N指示城市湖泊水污染状态,进而作为湖泊修复效果评价指标的可行性。结果表明:武汉南湖、东湖、内沙湖水质分别为劣Ⅴ类、Ⅳ类、Ⅲ类;水体富营养化程度分别为重度富营养、轻度富营养、中营养;南湖有机质δ~(15)N均值最高为13. 193‰(8. 394‰～19. 380‰);东湖δ~(15)N次之为8. 191‰(5. 162‰～13. 488‰);内沙湖δ~(15)N最低为2. 940‰(0. 001‰～6. 433‰)。不同湖泊有机质δ~(15)N与表层水c(TN)、c(DIN)、c(NH+4-N)、c(TP)、水质类别和TLI(Σ)呈正相关趋势,其中悬浮有机质、沉水植物δ~(15)N与水污染参数的相关性最为显著,均能有效表征城市湖泊水污染状态;为了采样的简便性及样品的通用性,建议以悬浮有机质δ~(15)N作为城市湖泊水污染状态及水环境治理效果的快速评价指标。
How to evaluate the restoration effect of lakes is the difficulty of ecological restoration. By analyzing the relationship among nutrient concentration,water quality,comprehensive trophic level index TLI( Σ) and nitrogen isotope ratios( δ~(15)N) of different organic matter in urban lakes with different restoration states in Wuhan,the feasibility of using the δ~(15)N values of a certain organic matter in water to indicate the water pollution state of urban lakes,and then as an evaluation index of restoration effect was studied. As the result revealed,the water quality of South Lake,East Lake and inner Shahu Lake was below class Ⅴ,Ⅳ and Ⅲ respectively; the eutrophication degree was severe eutrophication,light eutrophication and mesotrophication respectively. The average δ~(15)N value of organic matter in South Lake was 13. 193‰( 8. 394‰ ～ 19. 380‰) and the highest,followed by the East Lake of8. 191‰( 5. 162‰ ～ 13. 488‰) and the inner Shahu Lake of 2. 940‰( 0. 001‰ ～ 6. 433‰) in the lowest place.The δ~(15)N values of organic matter in different lakes were positively correlated with the concentration of total nitrogen( TN),dissolved inorganic nitrogen( DIN),ammonia nitrogen( NH4+-N),total phosphorus( TP),water quality and TLI( ∑),among which,the correlation among the δ~(15)N value of suspended organic matter,δ~(15)N value of submerged macrophyte and water pollution parameters was the most significant, these all could effectively characterize the water pollution state of urban lakes. For the convenience of sampling and the generality of the samples,it is suggested that the δ~(15)N of suspended organic matter should be used as a rapid evaluation index for the water pollution state and the effect of water environment treatment.
How to evaluate the restoration effect of lakes is the difficulty of ecological restoration. By analyzing the relationship among nutrient concentration,water quality,comprehensive trophic level index TLI( Σ) and nitrogen isotope ratios( δ~(15)N) of different organic matter in urban lakes with different restoration states in Wuhan,the feasibility of using the δ~(15)N values of a certain organic matter in water to indicate the water pollution state of urban lakes,and then as an evaluation index of restoration effect was studied. As the result revealed,the water quality of South Lake,East Lake and inner Shahu Lake was below class Ⅴ,Ⅳ and Ⅲ respectively; the eutrophication degree was severe eutrophication,light eutrophication and mesotrophication respectively. The average δ~(15)N value of organic matter in South Lake was 13. 193‰( 8. 394‰ ～ 19. 380‰) and the highest,followed by the East Lake of8. 191‰( 5. 162‰ ～ 13. 488‰) and the inner Shahu Lake of 2. 940‰( 0. 001‰ ～ 6. 433‰) in the lowest place.The δ~(15)N values of organic matter in different lakes were positively correlated with the concentration of total nitrogen( TN),dissolved inorganic nitrogen( DIN),ammonia nitrogen( NH4+-N),total phosphorus( TP),water quality and TLI( ∑),among which,the correlation among the δ~(15)N value of suspended organic matter,δ~(15)N value of submerged macrophyte and water pollution parameters was the most significant, these all could effectively characterize the water pollution state of urban lakes. For the convenience of sampling and the generality of the samples,it is suggested that the δ~(15)N of suspended organic matter should be used as a rapid evaluation index for the water pollution state and the effect of water environment treatment.
引文
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