西江鲤仔稚鱼生长及消化酶活性变化
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摘要
为了探究了鲤(Cyprinus carpio)仔稚鱼的生长过程中主要消化酶活性变化规律,实验测定了鲤从孵化出膜到40日龄(日龄,Day after hatching)仔稚鱼期间的生长、可溶性蛋白含量和几种消化酶活性变化。结果显示:仔稚鱼全长以及体重在15日龄后增速加快,特定生长率为14.81%。淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶,糜乳蛋白酶、碱性磷酸酶以及氨基肽酶在1日龄仔鱼体内均能检测到活性。在仔稚鱼发育过程中,其可溶性蛋白含量先下降后上升。仔鱼摄食前消化酶的活性出现一定的上升,随着仔稚鱼消化系统发育以及营养方式的转变,其消化酶活性从3到25日龄处于不断的变化状态,而25日龄到实验结束鲤仔稚鱼的消化酶处于一种相对稳定的状态,标志着其消化功能趋于完善。根据不同发育时期鲤消化酶活性的变化,设计有机可腐化的材料制备人工鱼巢以提高人工鱼巢的生态修复功能,降低饥饿对仔稚鱼成活率的影响。
In order to explore activities of digestive enzymes fluctuation of common carp(Cyprinus carpio) larvae during growth stage,this study investigated the growth,soluble protein content and the activities of digestive enzymes of laboratory-reared common carp.The results indicated that total length and body weight of larvae at 40 days after hatching(DAH) increased greatly with a 14.81% growth rate.The activities of amylase,lipase,trypsin,chymotrypsin,alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase were detected at 1 DAH in common carp.During the development of larvae,soluble protein content of larvae decreased firstly,and then gradually increased.The activity of digestive enzymes in larvae increased before feeding.With the development of digestive systems and change of alimentation mode,activities of digestive enzymes of larvae changed continually from 3 to 25 DAH.After 25 DAH,activities of digestive enzymes of common crap were relatively stable,a sign of completed larval digestive function.In order to improve the ecological restoration effect of artificial fishnest and reduce starvation effect on the survival rate of larvae,organic materials could be used for artificial fishnest according to the digestive enzyme activity of common carp at different developmental stages.
In order to explore activities of digestive enzymes fluctuation of common carp(Cyprinus carpio) larvae during growth stage,this study investigated the growth,soluble protein content and the activities of digestive enzymes of laboratory-reared common carp.The results indicated that total length and body weight of larvae at 40 days after hatching(DAH) increased greatly with a 14.81% growth rate.The activities of amylase,lipase,trypsin,chymotrypsin,alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase were detected at 1 DAH in common carp.During the development of larvae,soluble protein content of larvae decreased firstly,and then gradually increased.The activity of digestive enzymes in larvae increased before feeding.With the development of digestive systems and change of alimentation mode,activities of digestive enzymes of larvae changed continually from 3 to 25 DAH.After 25 DAH,activities of digestive enzymes of common crap were relatively stable,a sign of completed larval digestive function.In order to improve the ecological restoration effect of artificial fishnest and reduce starvation effect on the survival rate of larvae,organic materials could be used for artificial fishnest according to the digestive enzyme activity of common carp at different developmental stages.
引文
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[20]Izquierdo M S,Socorro J,Arantzamendi L,et al.Recent advances in lipid nutrition in fish larvae[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2000,22(2):97-107
[21]ZamboninoInfante J L,Cahu C L.Ontogeny of the gastrointestinal tract of marine fish larvae[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C,2001,130(4):477-487
[22]Alvarez-González C A,Cervantes-Trujano M,TovarRamírez D,et al.Development of digestive enzymes in California halibut Paralichthys californicus larvae[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2005,31(1):83-93
[23]Alvarez-González C A,Moyano-López F J,Civera-Cerecedo R,et al.Development of digestive enzyme activity in larvae of spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus.Bio-chemical analysis[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2008,34(4):373-384
[24]Yan Z D.Artificial reproduction of common crap[J].Modern Agriculture,1979,(10):37-40[严志德.鲤鱼人工繁殖.现代农业,1979,(10):37-40]
[2]Park S U,Lim H K,Han H S.Changes in RNA/DNA ratio and growth of slime flounder,Microstomus achne,larvae until metamorphosis[J].Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2010,24(1):50-54
[3]Folkvord A,Blom G,Johannessen A,et al.Growth-dependent age estimation in herring(Clupea harengus L.)larvae[J].Fisheries Research,2000,46(1-3):91-103
[4]Tan X C,Li X H,Lin J Z,et al.Early morphogenesis and larval resources of common carp at Zhaoqing section in the Pearl River[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2009,24(2):125-129[谭细畅,李新辉,林建志,等.珠江肇庆江段鲤早期发育形态及其补充群体状况.大连海洋大学学报,2009,24(2):125-129]
[5]Chen S L.Embryonic development of Cyprinus carpio[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1960,(4):21-24[陈少莲.鲤(Cyprinu scarpio.L)胚胎发育的观察.动物学杂志,1960,(4):21-24]
[6]Ye F L,Luo P,Ye X.On the biology of crap,Cyprinus carpio Dongjiang River[J].Journal of Zhanjiang Ocean University,1992,(2):20-28[叶富良,罗平,叶星.东江鲤的生物学.广东海洋大学学报,1992,(2):20-28]
[7]Pan P,Li Y F,Li X H.Effect evaluation of artificial fishnest on common carp(Cyprinus carpio)in Xijiang River[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2016,46(6):45-49[潘澎,李跃飞,李新辉.西江人工鱼巢增殖鲤效果评估.淡水渔业,2016,46(6):45-49]
[8]Comabella Y,Mendoza R,Aguilera C,et al.Digestive enzyme activity during early larval development of the Cuban gar(Atractosteustris toechus)[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2006,32(2):147-157
[9]Liu Y Q,Guo Z D,Hu Y,et al.Growth and fluctuations of digestive enzymes activities in Paramisgurnus dabryanus during larval and juvenile stages[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2015,39(6):1236-1240[刘亚秋,郭忠娣,胡雨,等.大鳞副泥鳅仔稚鱼生长与消化酶活性变化.水生生物学报,2015,39(6):1236-1240]
[10]Zheng K D,Chen G L,Sun B,et al.Variations of growth and digestive enzymes activities in the developmental Chinese sucker larvae(Myxocyprinus asiaticus)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2010,40(6):9-14[郑凯迪,陈桂来,孙彬,等.胭脂鱼仔鱼的生长和消化酶活力变化.淡水渔业,2010,40(6):9-14]
[11]Zhang Y L,Fan Q X,Peng C,et al.Changes of digestive enzymes and alkaline phosphatase specific activities in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus during the development of early larval ontogeny[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2013,43(1):19-23[张云龙,樊启学,彭聪,等.泥鳅仔稚鱼发育期间消化酶及碱性磷酸酶比活力的变化.淡水渔业,2013,43(1):19-23]
[12]Li Q,Long Y,Qu B,et al.Assessment of digestive enzymes activities during larval development of Pelteobagrus vachelli[J].Journal of Fishes Sciences of China,2008,15(1):73-78[李芹,龙勇,屈波,等.瓦氏黄颡鱼仔稚鱼发育过程中消化酶活性变化研究.中国水产科学,2008,15(1):73-78]
[13]Chen B N,Qin J G,Kumar M S,et al.Ontogenetic development of the digestive system in yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi larvae[J].Aquaculture,2006,260(1):264-271
[14]Gawlicka A,Parent B,Horn M H,et al.Activity of digestive enzymes in yolk-sac larvae of Atlantic halibut(Hippoglossus hippoglossus):indication of readiness for first feeding[J].Aquaculture,2000,184(3-4):303-314
[15]Gisbert E,Giménez G,Fernández I,et al.Development of digestive enzymes in common dentex Dentex dentex during early ontogeny[J].Aquaculture,2009,287(3-4):381-387
[16]abaei S S,AbedianKenari A,Nazari R,et al.Developmental changes of digestive enzymes in Persiansturgeon(Acipenser persicus)during larval ontogeny[J].Aquaculture,2011,318(1-2):138-144
[17]Zmbonino-Infante J L,Cahu C L.Development and response to a diet change of some digestive enzymes in sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax)larvae[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,1994,12(5):399-408
[18]Rbeiro L,Zambonino-Infante J L,Cahu C,et al.Development of digestive enzymes in larvae of Sole asenegalensis,Kaup1858[J].Aquaculture,1999,179(1):465-473
[19]Oozeki Y,Bailey K M.Ontogenetic development of digestive enzyme in activities in larval walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma[J].Marine Biology,1995,122(2):177-186
[20]Izquierdo M S,Socorro J,Arantzamendi L,et al.Recent advances in lipid nutrition in fish larvae[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2000,22(2):97-107
[21]ZamboninoInfante J L,Cahu C L.Ontogeny of the gastrointestinal tract of marine fish larvae[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C,2001,130(4):477-487
[22]Alvarez-González C A,Cervantes-Trujano M,TovarRamírez D,et al.Development of digestive enzymes in California halibut Paralichthys californicus larvae[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2005,31(1):83-93
[23]Alvarez-González C A,Moyano-López F J,Civera-Cerecedo R,et al.Development of digestive enzyme activity in larvae of spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus.Bio-chemical analysis[J].Fish Physiology Biochemistry,2008,34(4):373-384
[24]Yan Z D.Artificial reproduction of common crap[J].Modern Agriculture,1979,(10):37-40[严志德.鲤鱼人工繁殖.现代农业,1979,(10):37-40]
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