海州露天煤矿排土场复垦区植物根系分布特征研究
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摘要
为揭示海州露天煤矿排土场复垦区植物根系分布特征,文中结合根钻法和Win RHIZO根系分析系统对刺槐林地、榆树林地、灌木林地(紫穗槐)、荒草地0～50cm土层根系分布特征进行定量分析。结果表明:(1)各个样地根密度表现为灌木大于草本和乔木,0～10cm土层根密度在154. 99～1397. 48个/m2;根重密度表现为乔木大于草地和灌木,在0. 1218～0. 7076g/cm3之间。(2)各个样地根长密度和根表面积密度随土层增加而减少,表现为灌木大于草地和乔木。植物根系主要集中在0～40cm,其中根长占0～50cm的76. 5%～95. 1%,根表面积占0～50cm的73. 4%～98. 2%。(3)刺槐林地和榆树林地以径级<1mm和1～2mm为主,而灌木林地和荒草地以径级<1mm为主。
To reveal the plant roots distribution characteristics in the dump reclamation area of Haizhou open pit coal mining,plant roots distribution characteristics at 0 ～ 50 cm soil layer were quantitative analyzed by using root drilling method and Win RHIZO root system analysis system for Robinia pseudoacacia land,Ulmus pumila land,shrub land( Amorpha fruticosa) and weeds land. The results showed that:(1) The root density in shrub land was larger than that of weeds land and arbor forest land,it was 154. 99 ～ 1397. 48 roots/m2 in 0 ～ 10 cm layer;the root weight density in arbor forest land was larger than that of weeds land and shrub land,it was 0. 1218 ～ 0.7076 g/cm3 in 0 ～ 10 cm layer.(2) The root length density and root surface area density of all plots decreased with the increase of depth of soil layers and showed that it in shrub land was larger than that of in weeds land and arbor forest land. The plant root of all plots was concentrated in 0 ～ 40 cm; the root length in 0 ～ 40 cm layer accounted for 76. 5% ～ 95. 1% of the 0 ～ 50 cm soil layer,and root surface area density accounted for 73. 4% ～98. 2% of the 0-50 cm layer.(3) The plant roots in Robinia pseudoacacia land and Ulmus pumila land were mainly < 1 mm and 1 ～ 2 mm in diameter,while the roots in shrub land and weeds land were mainly < 1 mm in diameter.
To reveal the plant roots distribution characteristics in the dump reclamation area of Haizhou open pit coal mining,plant roots distribution characteristics at 0 ～ 50 cm soil layer were quantitative analyzed by using root drilling method and Win RHIZO root system analysis system for Robinia pseudoacacia land,Ulmus pumila land,shrub land( Amorpha fruticosa) and weeds land. The results showed that:(1) The root density in shrub land was larger than that of weeds land and arbor forest land,it was 154. 99 ～ 1397. 48 roots/m2 in 0 ～ 10 cm layer;the root weight density in arbor forest land was larger than that of weeds land and shrub land,it was 0. 1218 ～ 0.7076 g/cm3 in 0 ～ 10 cm layer.(2) The root length density and root surface area density of all plots decreased with the increase of depth of soil layers and showed that it in shrub land was larger than that of in weeds land and arbor forest land. The plant root of all plots was concentrated in 0 ～ 40 cm; the root length in 0 ～ 40 cm layer accounted for 76. 5% ～ 95. 1% of the 0 ～ 50 cm soil layer,and root surface area density accounted for 73. 4% ～98. 2% of the 0-50 cm layer.(3) The plant roots in Robinia pseudoacacia land and Ulmus pumila land were mainly < 1 mm and 1 ～ 2 mm in diameter,while the roots in shrub land and weeds land were mainly < 1 mm in diameter.
引文
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[18]张艳杰,温佐吾.不同造林密度马尾松人工林的根系生物量[J].林业科学,2011,47(3):75-81.
[19]Canadell J,Jackson R B,Ehleringer J B,et al. Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale[J]. Oecologia,1996,108(4):583-595.
[20]李谦,周本智,安艳飞,等.绿竹根系分布及生物力学性质[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1319-1326.
[21]潘德成,邓春晖,吴祥云,等.矿山复垦区土壤水分时空分布对植被恢复的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(3):96-100.
[2]史倩华,王文龙,刘瑞顺,等.植被恢复措施对不同排土年限煤矿排土场边坡细沟侵蚀的影响[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(17):226-232.
[3]郭建英,何京丽,李锦荣,等.典型草原大型露天煤矿排土场边坡水蚀控制效果[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(3):296-303.
[4]赵洋,张鹏,胡宜刚,等.露天煤矿排土场不同配置人工植被对草本植物物种多样性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(2):387-392.
[5]方瑛,马任甜,安韶山,等.黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场不同植被复垦土壤酶活性及理化性质研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1121-1127.
[6]唐骏,党廷辉,薛江,等.植被恢复对黄土区煤矿排土场土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):5067-5077.
[7]王杨扬,赵中秋,原野,等.黄土区露天煤矿不同复垦模式对土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(5):966-973.
[8]孙泰森,白中科.大型露天煤矿废弃地生态重建的理论与方法[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(5):56-59.
[9]张紫昭,郭瑞清,周天生,等.新疆煤矿土地复垦为草地的适宜性评价方法与应用[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(11):278-286.
[10]吕刚,刘红民,高英旭,等.排土场边坡根系分布及其对土壤抗冲性的影响[J].土壤通报,2014,45(3):711-715.
[11]吕春娟,白中科,陈卫国,等.黄土区大型排土场植被根系的抗蚀抗冲性研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(2):35-38.
[12]张超波,蒋静,陈丽华.植物根系固土力学机制模型[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(31):1-6.
[13]宋维峰,陈丽华,刘秀萍.树木根系固土力学机制研究综述[J].浙江农林大学学报,2008,25(3):2-2.
[14]万子俊,万浩宇,贺亮,等.榆林南部丘陵沟壑区油松和刺槐人工林根系生物量与土壤有机碳垂直分布特征[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(6):1-4.
[15]李红丽,董智,王林和,等.浑善达克沙地榆树根系分布特征及生物量研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2002,16(4):99-105.
[16]杜明新.不同株龄紫穗槐根系分布特征与空间异质性研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013:25-26.
[17]嵇晓雷,夏光辉,张海亚.紫穗槐根系形态与固土护坡效应研究[J].湖北林业科技,2016,45(1):16-19.
[18]张艳杰,温佐吾.不同造林密度马尾松人工林的根系生物量[J].林业科学,2011,47(3):75-81.
[19]Canadell J,Jackson R B,Ehleringer J B,et al. Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale[J]. Oecologia,1996,108(4):583-595.
[20]李谦,周本智,安艳飞,等.绿竹根系分布及生物力学性质[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1319-1326.
[21]潘德成,邓春晖,吴祥云,等.矿山复垦区土壤水分时空分布对植被恢复的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(3):96-100.
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