昆明滇池红嘴鸥粪便细菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析
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摘要
2017年1月,在昆明滇池越冬的红嘴鸥排黄色、白色水样稀便,本研究无菌采集红嘴鸥粪便在实验室进行细菌分离培养、染色镜检、提取分离到的菌株核酸进行鉴定、生化鉴定,从10份腹泻红嘴鸥粪便中共分离到70株细菌,根据菌落形态可分为6类细菌,分别从每一类细菌中挑出1株代表性菌株进行鉴定,结果鉴定出这6株细菌分别为大肠杆菌埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、志贺氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、产酸克雷伯菌。选取氨苄西林、头孢氨苄、头孢拉啶、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、阿米卡星、四环素、氯霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、磺胺异恶唑、头孢曲松钠药敏纸片,对分离菌株进行耐药性分析,发现细菌对各种抗生素成不同程度敏感性。野鸟携带的条件致病菌,可能会对野生动物健康造成威胁,本研究对腹泻红嘴鸥粪便中携带的条件致病菌及其耐药性进行研究,以期为野鸟携带的细菌的耐药机制提供研究理论依据,同时对野生动物疫病的监测与防控提供指导。
In January 2017,Black-headed gulls( Chroicocephalus ridibundus),wintering at Dianchi Lake,Kunming,China excreted yellow and white watery stools. We used sterile equipment to collect fecal samples from affected gulls,isolated and cultured the bacteria,examined under microscopy,and then extracted the nucleic acid from isolated strains for identification and biochemical identification. We isolated 70 strains of bacteria from 10 fecal samples and identified 6 types of bacteria based on colony morphology. We select one representative strain from each type of bacteria to identify Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecium,Shigella sp.,Serratia marcescens, and Klebsiella oxytosus. We tested the drug resistance of the isolated strains using ampicillin,cephalexin,cefradine,gentamicin,kanamycin,amikacin,tetracycline,chloramphenicol,ciprofloxacin,enrofloxacin,sulfisoxazole,and ceftriaxone sodium. The bacteria were sensitive to various antibiotics. The conditional pathogens carried by wild birds may pose a threat to the health of wild animals. Our study objective was to provide a theoretical basis for research on resistance mechanisms of birds to bacterial pathogens and to guide monitoring and prevention of wildlife diseases.
In January 2017,Black-headed gulls( Chroicocephalus ridibundus),wintering at Dianchi Lake,Kunming,China excreted yellow and white watery stools. We used sterile equipment to collect fecal samples from affected gulls,isolated and cultured the bacteria,examined under microscopy,and then extracted the nucleic acid from isolated strains for identification and biochemical identification. We isolated 70 strains of bacteria from 10 fecal samples and identified 6 types of bacteria based on colony morphology. We select one representative strain from each type of bacteria to identify Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecium,Shigella sp.,Serratia marcescens, and Klebsiella oxytosus. We tested the drug resistance of the isolated strains using ampicillin,cephalexin,cefradine,gentamicin,kanamycin,amikacin,tetracycline,chloramphenicol,ciprofloxacin,enrofloxacin,sulfisoxazole,and ceftriaxone sodium. The bacteria were sensitive to various antibiotics. The conditional pathogens carried by wild birds may pose a threat to the health of wild animals. Our study objective was to provide a theoretical basis for research on resistance mechanisms of birds to bacterial pathogens and to guide monitoring and prevention of wildlife diseases.
引文
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[2]李世宗,刘震.昆明翠湖越冬红嘴鸥数量变化及投食量调查分析[J].野生动物,2012,33(3):146-148.
[3]东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[4]程海卫.动物源肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7分子流行病学分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2012.
[5]许兰菊,王川庆,胡功政,等.鸡志贺氏菌病在我国的发现及其病原特性研究[J].中国预防兽医学报,2004,26(4):281-286.
[6]崔庆刚,杨志远,杜永新,等.志贺氏菌的生化特性及检测方法的研究进展[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2017(1):23-25.
[7]金红芝,李堃宝.人肠道微生态系统的研究进展[J].自然杂志,2004,26(2):88-91.
[8]陈敏,周陶友,陈文昭,等.耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的临床和耐药性[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2004,14(2):223-225.
[9]张国钢,刘冬平,江红星,等.禽流感发生后青海湖水鸟的种群现状[J].动物学杂志,2008,43(2):51-56.
[10]李刚山,范泉水,朱姝媛,等.云南边防部队产酸克雷伯菌生化特性与致病性研究[J].中国热带医学,2009,9(11):2150;2156.
[11]于兰,董捷,赵郁,等.产酸克雷伯氏菌引起食物中毒15例报告[J].武警医学,2003,14(2):108-109.
[12]贾红岩,崔婧,王轶.金黄色葡萄球菌感染的分布特征及耐药性分析[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2013,23(1):190-192.
[13]高凤山,胡桂学.幼犬志贺氏菌感染的微生物学诊断[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(3):118;142.
[14]黄淑坚,王朝尚.鳄鱼致病性粘质沙雷氏菌感染[J].中国兽医杂志,1998,24(10):53
[15]费恩阁.动物传染病学[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1995:554-566.
[16]窦瀚修.奶牛流质沙雷氏菌乳房炎[J].河南农业科学,1987(9):28-29.
[17]Smith R E,Reynolds I M.Serraiia marcescens associated with bovine abortion[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,1970,157(9):1200-1203.
[18]桂炳东.细菌药物敏感性试验测定手册[M].南昌:江西科学技术出版社,2001:56-60.
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