不同基质对两种规格宽体金线蛭越冬的影响
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摘要
为寻找宽体金线蛭(Whitmania pigra)合适的越冬基质,以完善其人工养殖技术,选择两种规格(规格Ⅰ:(10.14±0.66)g/尾和规格Ⅱ:(3.03±0.34)g/尾)的宽体金线蛭,设置土壤、稻草、水、土壤和稻草混合基质(土壤、稻草质量比1∶1)4种基质,采用实验生态学方法研究基质对其越冬的影响,实验周期102 d。结果显示:4种基质中两种规格宽体金线蛭的存活率差异均不显著,其中土壤和稻草混合基质存活率均显著高于其他处理组,水基质存活率均显著低于其他处理组。规格Ⅰ宽体金线蛭失重率均低于规格Ⅱ,且水基质中差异显著。实验第30～60天,即温度3～8℃时,宽体金线蛭死亡率最高,总体质量下降最多。结果表明,以土壤和稻草混合(质量比1∶1)作为基质,宽体金线蛭越冬存活率高,失重率低,是合适的越冬基质。
The effects of different substrates on overwintering of two sizes of Whitmania pigra were studied by experimental ecological methods to search for suitable substrates to overwintering.Four different substrates treatments(soil,straw,water,soil∶straw=1∶1)were designed to culture W.pigra of two sizes(sizeⅠ,10.14±0.66 g/ind and sizeⅡ,3.03±0.34 g/ind)for 102 d.The results showed that the difference of the survival rates of W.pigra in two sizes were not significant. The survival rate in soil and mixture treatment were significantly higher than that in other two treatments.The survival rate in water treatment was significantly lower than that in other treatments.The loss weight rates of size Ⅰwere lower than that of sizeⅡ.The loss weight in water treatment was significantly different with other treatments.The death rates and the loss weight rate were maximum during 30～60 d,for temperature were 3～8 ℃.The results of present study indicated that the optimal substrate was the mixture substrates of soil and straw(soil∶straw=1∶1)by high survival rates and low loss weight rates.
The effects of different substrates on overwintering of two sizes of Whitmania pigra were studied by experimental ecological methods to search for suitable substrates to overwintering.Four different substrates treatments(soil,straw,water,soil∶straw=1∶1)were designed to culture W.pigra of two sizes(sizeⅠ,10.14±0.66 g/ind and sizeⅡ,3.03±0.34 g/ind)for 102 d.The results showed that the difference of the survival rates of W.pigra in two sizes were not significant. The survival rate in soil and mixture treatment were significantly higher than that in other two treatments.The survival rate in water treatment was significantly lower than that in other treatments.The loss weight rates of size Ⅰwere lower than that of sizeⅡ.The loss weight in water treatment was significantly different with other treatments.The death rates and the loss weight rate were maximum during 30～60 d,for temperature were 3～8 ℃.The results of present study indicated that the optimal substrate was the mixture substrates of soil and straw(soil∶straw=1∶1)by high survival rates and low loss weight rates.
引文
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[3] Liu X,Wang C H,Ding X,et al.A novel selective inhibitor to thrombin-induced platelet aggregation purified from the leech Whitmania pigra [J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2016,473(1):349-354.
[4]郭坤,罗鸣钟,苏应兵,等.土壤湿度及稻草基质对宽体金线蛭繁殖性能的影响 [J].南方农业学报,2017,48(10):1918-1922.
[5]熊良伟,王帅兵,王建国,等.宽体金线蛭繁殖性能及蛭苗生长特性研究 [J].上海海洋大学学报,2016,25(3):374-380.
[6]邱楚雯,王韩信,刘晓东,等.宽体金线蛭人工繁殖技术初步研究 [J].水产科技情报,2015,42(5):225-228.
[7]李战福,罗莉,李伟龙,等.宽体金线蛭人工养殖技术研究进展 [J].中国渔业质量与标准,2018,8(2):36-40.
[8]王建国,熊良伟,陶桂庆,等.宽体金线蛭苗对萝卜螺和方形环棱螺仔螺摄食及生长特征研究 [J].中药材,2018,41(5):1022-1026.
[9]李蒙蒙,郭巧生,史红专,等.不同养殖密度和换水频率对蚂蟥生长和内在品质影响的研究 [J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(6):995-1000.
[10]熊良伟,王建国,王帅兵,等.宽体金线蛭选育群体生产性状的选择效应[J].中药材,2017,40(6):1249-1252.
[11]周维官,李玉,周维海.菲牛蛭人工越冬试验 [J].中药材,2009,32(1):17-18.
[12]周维官,周维海,覃国森.菲牛蛭的人工养殖方式试验 [J].广西科学,2008,15(3):317-320.
[13]张涛,于翔,龚元,等.不同温度和密度对菲牛蛭越冬成活率的影响 [J].水产学杂志,2014,27(4):52-55.
[14]王安纲,王祖效.宽体金线蛭的调查及生物学特性的观察 [J].水利渔业,2005,25(5):40-41.
[15]童水明,徐毛喜,颜冬,等.宽体金线蛭对稻草基质产卵适应性的研究 [J].水产科技情报,2015,42(5):258-261.
[16]高明,侯建华,李双安.水蛭人工养殖技术研究进展 [J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013,(5):17-19.
[17]汪波,龚元,于翔,等.菲牛蛭繁殖性能的初步研究 [J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(2):157-160.
[18] Bosworth B G,Wolters W.Effects of short term feed restriction on production,processing and body shape traits in market weight channel catfish,Ictalurus punctatus(Rafinesque)[J].Aquacult Res,2005,36(4):344-351.
[19] Hsieh S L,Chen Y N,Kuo C M.Physiological responses,desaturase activity,and fatty acid composition in milkfish(Chanos chanos)under cold acclimation [J].Aquaculture,2003,220:903-918.
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